lambda表达式-java中的应用

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Lambda表达式的好处

:在java8之前,如果想将行为传入函数,只能使用匿名内部类,而java引入的lambda表达式取代了匿名内部类,允许函数式风格编写代码,示例:

        java8之前的匿名内部类        new Thread(new Runnable(){            @Override            public void run() {                System.out.println("doSomething before1.8");            }        }).start();        //java8之后:此例lambda表达式参数为空        new Thread(()-> System.out.println("doSomething 1.8")).start();

Lambda表达式的基本用法

(paramX,paramY...)->expression(X,Y...);
  • lambda表达式的参数通常会很短,尽量将所有代码写在一行,用于提高可读性;

示例

  1. 遍历集合类:
        List<String> list= Arrays.asList("du","gen","kui");        list.forEach(a-> System.out.println(a));           output:du                   gen                   kui
  1. Stream中的map(),filter(),collection(),get(),distinct()方法等,结合java.util.function.Predicate,进行函数式编程,做过滤:
//filter用于过滤List languages=Arrays.asList("Java","C+++","python","R","JPP");System.out.println("language startWith J");//        filter(languages,(str)->str.toString().startsWith("J")); languages.stream().filter(n->n.toString().startsWith("J")).forEach(m-> System.out.println(m));//Predicate中and()和or()的使用Predicate<String> startwithJ=n->n.startsWith("J");//用lambda表达式赋值“逻辑" Predicate<String> lengthFour=n->n.length()==4;//<String>是n的类型//输出J开始而且长度为4的元素:and System.out.println("language start with J AND length is 4");    languages.stream().filter(startwithJ.and(lengthFour)).forEach(n-> System.out.println(n));//输出长度为4或者以J开头的System.out.println("language start with J OR length is 4");        languages.stream().filter(startwithJ.or(lengthFour)).forEach(n-> System.out.println(n));//map()用于映射,但是不会改变原元素值        List names=Arrays.asList("genkui","genliang","genlong");        names.stream().map(x->"du"+x).forEach(y->System.out.print(y+"\t"));        names.forEach(z-> System.out.println(z));//TODO reduce方法的使用        List<Integer> income=Arrays.asList(2800,5000,12800);//订单价格        double SumBrokerage=income.stream().map((x)->x*0.1).reduce((sum,x)->sum+x).get();//订单佣金总和System.out.println(SumBrokerage);List<String> strList =    Arrays.asList("du","dug","dugenkui","d");List<String> filtered = strList.stream().filter(x -> x.length()> 2).collect(Collectors.toList());//        List<String> filtered = strList.stream().filter(x -> x.length()> 2).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());//        System.out.printf("Original List : %s, filtered list : %s %n", strList, filtered);
  1. IntSummaryStatistics类计算最大值、最小值和平均值和总和和元素数量
        List<Integer> list=Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4);        IntSummaryStatistics intSummaryStatistics=list.stream().mapToInt(x->x).summaryStatistics();        System.out.println("最大值、最小值、平均值和总和以及元素数量分别是分别是:"+                intSummaryStatistics.getMax()+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getMin()+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getAverage()        +":"+intSummaryStatistics.getSum()+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getCount());

[相关补充]

        /**         * map相关:         *  1.key应该是唯一的:key和value是 n:1 的关系;         *  2.同一个key使用put(key,valueX)时,后者会更新前者的value值;         *  3.key.kesSet()返回key值得集合;         *  4.同上         */        Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();        map.put("du1","genkui");        map.put("du2","genliang");        map.put("du3","genlong");        System.out.println(map.keySet()+map.values());