SpringCloud（第 047 篇）注解式Async配置异步任务

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一、大致介绍

1、有时候我们在处理一些任务的时候，需要开启线程去异步去处理，原有逻辑继续往下执行；2、当遇到这种场景的时候，线程是可以将我们完成，然后在SpringCloud中也有这样的注解来支撑异步任务处理；

二、实现步骤

2.1 添加 maven 引用包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <artifactId>springms-async</artifactId>    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <packaging>jar</packaging>    <parent>        <groupId>com.springms.cloud</groupId>        <artifactId>springms-spring-cloud</artifactId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <dependencies>        <!-- web模块 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies></project>

2.2 添加应用配置文件（springms-async\src\main\resources\application.yml）

server:  port: 8345spring:  application:    name: springms-async  #全部小写

2.3 添加异步任务类（springms-async\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\task\AsyncTasks.java）

package com.springms.cloud.task;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncResult;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Random;import java.util.concurrent.Future;/** * Async实现异步调用。 * * @author hmilyylimh * * @version 0.0.1 * * @date 2017/10/19 * */@Componentpublic class AsyncTasks {    public static Random random = new Random();    @Async    public Future<String> doTaskOne() throws Exception {        System.out.println("Async, taskOne, Start...");        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();        Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();        System.out.println("Async, taskOne, End, 耗时: " + (end - start) + "毫秒");        return new AsyncResult<>("AsyncTaskOne Finished");    }    @Async    public Future<String> doTaskTwo() throws Exception {        System.out.println("Async, taskTwo, Start");        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();        Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();        System.out.println("Async, taskTwo, End, 耗时: " + (end - start) + "毫秒");        return new AsyncResult<>("AsyncTaskTwo Finished");    }    @Async    public Future<String> doTaskThree() throws Exception {        System.out.println("Async, taskThree, Start");        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();        Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(5000));        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();        System.out.println("Async, taskThree, End, 耗时: " + (end - start) + "毫秒");        return new AsyncResult<>("AsyncTaskThree Finished");    }}

2.4 添加异步任务Web控制器（springms-async\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\controller\AsyncTaskController.java）

package com.springms.cloud.controller;import com.springms.cloud.task.AsyncTasks;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.concurrent.Future;/** * 测试异步任务Web控制器。 * * @author hmilyylimh * * @version 0.0.1 * * @date 2017/10/19 * */@RestControllerpublic class AsyncTaskController {    @Autowired    AsyncTasks asyncTasks;    /**     * 测试异步任务。     *     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    @GetMapping("/task")    public String task() throws Exception {        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();        Future<String> task1 = asyncTasks.doTaskOne();        Future<String> task2 = asyncTasks.doTaskTwo();        Future<String> task3 = asyncTasks.doTaskThree();        while(true) {            if(task1.isDone() && task2.isDone() && task3.isDone()) {                // 三个任务都调用完成，退出循环等待                break;            }            Thread.sleep(1000);        }        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();        String result = "任务全部完成，总耗时：" + (end - start) + "毫秒";        return result;    }}

2.5 添加微服务启动类（springms-schedule\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\MsScheduleApplication.java）

package com.springms.cloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;/** * 注解式Async配置异步任务； * * @author hmilyylimh * * @version 0.0.1 * * @date 2017/10/19 * */@SpringBootApplication@EnableAsyncpublic class MsAsyncApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(MsAsyncApplication.class, args);        System.out.println("【【【【【【 Async异步任务微服务 】】】】】】已启动.");    }}

三、测试

/**************************************************************************************** 一、简单用户链接Mysql数据库微服务（Async实现异步调用）： 1、添加注解 EnableAsync、Async 以及任务类上注解 Component ； 2、启动 springms-async 模块服务，启动1个端口； 3、然后在浏览器输入地址 http://localhost:8345/task 然后等待大约10多秒后，成功打印所有信息，一切正常； 总结：说明 Async 异步任务配置生效了； ****************************************************************************************/

四、下载地址

https://gitee.com/ylimhhmily/SpringCloudTutorial.git

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