MySQL表增删改查

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1、增

insert into 表 (列名,列名...) values (值,值,值...)insert into 表 (列名,列名...) values (值,值,值...),(值,值,值...)insert into 表 (列名,列名...) select (列名,列名...) from 表

2、删

delete from 表delete from 表 where id=1 and name='alex'

3、改

update 表 set name = 'alex' where id>1
update 表 set name = 'alex',age = 1,sex = 1 where id>1

4、查

select * from 表select * from 表 where id > 1select nid,name,gender as gg from 表 where id > 1#对于存储过程中,如果定义了变量d1,可以使用下面的语句将查询结果赋值给d1select id into d1 from user where nid = 5;

5、其他

a、条件:

select * from 表 where id > 1 and name != 'alex' and num = 12; select * from 表 where id between 5 and 16; select * from 表 where id in (11,22,33)select * from 表 where id not in (11,22,33)select * from 表 where id in (select nid from 表)
b、通配符:

select * from 表 where name like 'ale%'  - ale开头的所有(多个字符串)select * from 表 where name like 'ale_'  - ale开头的所有(一个字符)

c、限制:

select * from 表 limit 5;            - 前5行select * from 表 limit 4,5;          - 从第4行开始的5行select * from 表 limit 5 offset 4    - 从第4行开始的5行

d、排序:

select * from 表 order by 列 asc              - 根据 “列” 从小到大排列select * from 表 order by 列 desc             - 根据 “列” 从大到小排列select * from 表 order by 列1 desc,列2 asc    - 根据 “列1” 从大到小排列,如果相同则按列2从小到大排序

e、分组:

select num from 表 group by numselect num,nid from 表 group by num,nidselect num,nid from 表  where nid > 10 group by num,nid order nid descselect num,nid,count(*),sum(score),max(score),min(score) from 表 group by num,nid select num from 表 group by num having max(id) > 10 特别的:group by 必须在where之后,order by之前如果要对分组之后的数据进行筛选,使用having关键字,例:筛选出通过列department分组后,每组成员nid之和大于10的数据select sum(nid),department from 表 group by department having sum(nid)>10注:对于分组之后的数据筛选,使用where是无效的,必须使用having

f、连表:

    无对应关系则不显示( DISTINCT关键字用来去重 )    select DISTINCT A.num, A.name, B.name    from A,B    Where A.nid = B.nid     无对应关系则不显示    select A.num, A.name, B.name    from A inner join B    on A.nid = B.nid     A表所有显示,如果B中无对应关系,则值为null (A left join B表示以A表为主表,显示A表所有内容)    select A.num, A.name, B.name    from A left join B    on A.nid = B.nid     B表所有显示,如果B中无对应关系,则值为null (A right join B表示以B表为主表,显示B表所有内容)    select A.num, A.name, B.name    from A right join B    on A.nid = B.nid        还可以同时显示多表信息,例如A表存在两个外键    select *    from A     left join B on A.nid = B.nid    left join C on A.nid = C.nid        可以使用as为列起别名    select department as part_id    from A    left join B on A.department = B.nid        多对多关系查询实例    man表: id(主键)、name    woman表:  id(主键)、name    man_to_woman表:  man_id(外键-man)、woman_id(外键-woman)    查找男性jack对应的所有女性:    select *     from man_to_woman    left join man on man.id = man_to_woman.man_id    left join woman on woman.id = man_to_woman.woman_id    where man.name = 'jack'

g、组合:

    组合,自动处理重合    select nickname    from A    union    select name    from B     组合,不处理重合    select nickname    from A    union all    select name    from B