Heat 相关，Cloud-init & Cloud-config

cloud-init

在虚拟机启动后执行编排任务, nova boot时指定 user-data 参数

Nova USER DATA

数据获取方式：
- 169.254.169.254
- config drive(In Heat set config_drive: true)

常见使用方式如下：

#nova boot \    --image ubuntu-trusty-server-amd64    --key_name testkey \    --flavor m1.small \    --user-data userdata.txt \    --nic net-id=443434-dsx3-2323-dssx-43343434 \    test

And, userdata.txt

#!/bin/sh -e#Frobincate a newly booted boxinitialize_boxfor foo in forbnications; do    frobincate_machine $foo || breakdoneexit $?

But, stop doing this, and use cloud-config below which is better

cloud-config

Enables you to bootstrap a newly bootd VM. OpenStack’s most underrated feature, 100% YAML.

常用功能如下：

更新软件(apt-get update/yum update)

Update system on first boot

#cloud-configpackage_update: truepackage_upgrade: true

users

Configure users and groups

users:- default- name: foobar  gecos: ""  groups: users,adm  lock-passwd: false  passwd: 23lkjsflkas0923Da  shell: /bin/bash  sudo: "ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL"

ssh_pwauth

Enable/disable SSH password authentication

ssh_pwauth: true

write_files

Write arbitrary files

write_files:- path: /etc/demo  permissions: '0644'  content: |    This is a demo

puppet

Config VM’s puppet client

chef

Config VM’s chef client

packages

Install packages

packages:  - ansible  - git

Running arbitrary commands

bootcmd

Run commands early in the boot sequence

bootcmd:  - ntpdate pool.ntp.org

runcmd

Run commands late in boot sequence

runcmd:  - echo "hello world"  - ls -hS

使用方式

#nova boot \    --image ubuntu-trusty-server-amd64    --key_name testkey \    --flavor m1.small \    --user-data config.yaml \    --nic net-id=443434-dsx3-2323-dssx-43343434 \    test

cloud-init 日志输出到 /var/log/cloud-init.log

HEAT

Enables you deploy complete virtual environments
- CFN

Amazon CLoudFormation compatible template
- HOT

Heat Orchestration Template, 100% YAML

格式

• version
• parameters
• resources
• outputs

概念

• resources (type)
• outputs：输出

常用函数

• get_param: 获取动态参数
• get_resource： 获取依赖的其他resource
• get_attr: 获取 resource 属性

创建虚拟机

type: “OS::Nova::Server”

resources:  mybox:    type: "OS::Nova::Server"    properties:      name: mybox      image: ubuntu-trusty-amd64      flavor: m1.small      key_name: testkey

创建heat stack

#heat stack-create -f stack.yaml mystack

get_param 使用

parameters:   name:     type: string     default:    flavor:     type: string     default: m1.small   image:     type: string     default: ubuntu-trusty-amd64   key_name:     type: stringresources:  mybox    type:      properties        name: { get_param: name }        image: { get_param: image }        flavor: { get_param: flavor }        key_name: { get_param: key_name }

使用方式

#heat stack-create -f stack.yaml \    -P key_name testkey mystack

get_resource 使用

创建网络

mynet:  type: "OS::Neutron::Net"  properties:    name: management-netmysub_net  type: "OS::Neutron::Subnet"  properties:    name: management-subnet    network: { get_resource: management-net }    cidr: 192.168.101.0/24    gateway_ip: 192.168.101.1    enable_dhcp: true    allocation_pools:      - start: "192..168.101.2"        end: "192.168.101.100"

outputs

Return stack values or attributes

outputs:  public_ip:    description:    value: { get_attr: [ myfloating_ip, floating_ip_address ]}

查看方式

#heat output-show mystack public_ip

Integrating HEAT and cloud-init

常用方式

mybox:  type: "OS::Nova::Server"  properties:    name: deploy    image: { get_param: image }    flavor: { get_param: flavor }    key_name: { get_param: key_name }    networks:      - port: { get_resource: mybox_management_port }    user_data: {get_file: cloud-config.yaml }    user_data_format: RAW

but, there is a better way

OS::Heat::CloudConfig

Manages cloud-config directly from Heat

resources:  myconfig:    type: "OS::Heat::CloudConfig"    properties:      cloud_config:        package_update: true        package_upgrade: true  mybox:    type: "OS::Nova::Server"    properties:      name: deploy      image: { get_param: image }      flavor: { get_param: flavor }      key_name: { get_param: key_name }      networks:        - port: { get_resource: mybox_management_port }      user_data: {get_resource: myconfig }      user_data_format: RAW

Also, you can SET cloud-config parameters directly from HEAT, which is nice

parameters:  # [...]  username:    type: string    description: Additional login name    default: foobar  myconfig:    type: "OS::Heat::CloudConfig"    properties:      cloud_config:        package_update: true        package_upgrade: true        users:        - default        - name: { get_param: username }          shell: "/bin/bash"        ssh_pwauth: true

参考

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzN-FVhDid4
• https://docs.openstack.org/heat/latest/