HAproxy+varnish动静分离部署wordpress

来源：互联网发布：吉林大学网络教育统考编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 11:39

实验背景：将wordpress应用部署在后端服务器上，使用HAProxy做代理服务器，Varnish做缓存服务器，后端有四台web服务器，web1和web2服务器组成一个动态资源组dynsrvs，web3和web4服务器组成静态资源组stasrvs，Varnish用来缓存静态资源组stasrvs的数据；受条件限制，在此使用web虚拟主机做为物理主机使用，使用NFS共享wordpress文件，wordpress与mysql为同一主机

实验目的：为了提高应用的访问速度和访问承载量，使用HAProxy技术做负载均衡，使用HAProxy的ACL访问控制实现动静分离的效果，将动态资源存放在动态web组中，将静态资源存放在静态资源组中，为了提高访问速度，在静态服务器组和代理服务器之间使用了缓存服务器做数据缓存

网络拓扑图

环境：

HAProxy 172.16.252.82dynsrvs为后端动态网页web组     web1：172.16.252.92:80    web2：172.16.252.92:8080stasrvs为后端静态网页web组    web3：172.16.253.67：80    web4：172.16.253.67：8080Varnish   172.16.252.100NFS+Mysql 172.16.252.103

配置后端动态web组

[root@dynsrvs ~]# yum -y install httpd php  php-mysql[root@dynsrvs ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost{1,2} -pv

编辑动态php的测试页面

[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.php<h1> Application Server 1</h1><?php    phpinfo();?>[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.php <h1> Application Server 2</h1><?php    phpinfo();?>

配置后端web主机

[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf <VirtualHost *:80>    ServerName web1.danran.com    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"    <Directory "/data/web/vhost1">        Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>Listen 8080<VirtualHost *:8080>    ServerName web2.danran.com    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"    <Directory "/data/web/vhost2">        Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>

访问测试php动态页面

http://172.16.252.92/

http://172.16.252.92/:8080

配置后端动态web组

[root@stasrvs ~]# yum -y install httpd[root@stasrvs ~]# iptables -F[root@stasrvs ~]# setenforce  0[root@stasrvs ~]#  mkdir -pv /data/web/vhost{1,2}[root@stasrvs ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost1/png[root@stasrvs ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost2/png复制静态资源做测试[root@stasrvs ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost1/png/ \;[root@stasrvs ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost2/png/ \;[root@stasrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.html<h1> Image Server 1 </h1>[root@stasrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.html<h1> Image Server 2 </h1>

配置虚拟主机

[root@stasrvs ~]# vim  /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf <VirtualHost *:80>    ServerName web3.danran.com    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"    <Directory "/data/web/vhost1">        Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>[root@stasrvs ~]# vim  /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.confListen 8080<VirtualHost *:8080>    ServerName web4.danran.com    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"    <Directory "/data/web/vhost1">        Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>[root@stasrvs ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

访问测试静态页面

http://172.16.252.67/png/3.jpg
http://172.16.252.67:8080/png/3.jpg

配置NFS+Mysql

Mysql

[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mariadb[root@mysql ~]# systemctl enable mariadb[root@mysql ~]# systemctl disable firewalld[root@mysql ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@mysql ~]# iptables -F 关闭防火墙[root@mysql ~]# setenforce 0创建数据库账号[root@mysql ~]# mysql_secure_installation   \\数据库安全初始化[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -hlocalhost -pMariaDB [(none)]> create database blog;MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on blog.* to blog@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'blog'; 登录测试[root@mysql ~]# mysql -ublog -h172.16.252.103 -p添加防火墙，仅允许RS1和RS2及自己本身连接数据库[root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.16.252.92 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT[root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.16.252.67 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT  [root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.16.252.103 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT   [root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT

NFS

[root@NFS ~]# iptables -F[root@NFS ~]# setenforce 0[root@NFS ~]# rpm -ql nfs-utilspackage nfs-utils is not installed[root@NFS ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils将wordpress程序包解压缩[root@NFS ~]# tar xf wordpress-4.8-zh_CN.tar.gz -C /app[root@NFS ~]# cd /app/wordpress[root@NFS wordpress]# cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php[root@NFS ~]# chmod o+w /app/blog/wp-config.php [root@NFS wordpress]# vim wp-config.php/** WordPress数据库的名称 */define('DB_NAME', 'blog');/** MySQL数据库用户名 */define('DB_USER', 'blog');/** MySQL数据库密码 */define('DB_PASSWORD', 'blog');/** MySQL主机 */define('DB_HOST', '172.16.252.103');创建与dynsrvs和stasrvs主机上相同UID的apache用户[root@NFS blog]# useradd -u 48 -r -s /sbin/nologin apache    \\dynsrvs和stasrvs的apache用户UID为48修改blog目录的属组，从而使apache用户对blog有读写权限[root@NFS app]# useradd -u 48 -r -s /sbin/nologin apache [root@NFS app]# chown -R apache:apache blog/[root@NFS app]# ll -d blog/drwxr-xr-x. 2 apache apache 6 Sep  8 13:12 blog/配置NFS[root@NFS ~]# vim /etc/exports  /app/blog    172.16.252.0/24(rw,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48)  \\all_squash为压缩所有用户名，anonuid意为压缩为UID为48的用户，anongid组压缩为GID为48的组[root@NFS ~]# systemctl start nfs-server

dynsrvs和stasrvs服务器挂载NFS共享目录

stasrvs

[root@stasrvs ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils[root@stasrvs ~]# cd /data/web/vhost2/[root@stasrvs vhost2]# mkdir blog[root@stasrvs vhost2]# chmod o+w blog[root@stasrvs ~]# vim /etc/fstab172.16.252.103:/app/blog  /data/web/vhost2/blog  nfs defaults 0 0 [root@stasrvs ~]# mount -a[root@stasrvs ~]# df 将web1的根文件路径修改为/data/web/vhost2，同web2路径一致     [root@stasrvs vhost1]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf <VirtualHost *:80>    ServerName web3.danran.com    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"    <Directory "/data/web/vhost2">        Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>[root@stasrvs ~]# systemctl restart httpd

dynsrvs

[root@dynsrvs ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils[root@dynsrvs ~]# cd /data/web/vhost2/[root@dynsrvs vhost2]# mkdir blog[root@dynsrvs vhost2]# chmod o+w blog[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /etc/fstab172.16.252.103:/app/blog  /data/web/vhost2/blog  nfs defaults 0 0 [root@dynsrvs ~]# mount -a[root@dynsrvs ~]# df 将web1的根文件路径修改为/data/web/vhost2，同web2路径一致     [root@stasrvs vhost1]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf <VirtualHost *:80>    ServerName web1.danran.com    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"    <Directory "/data/web/vhost2">        Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>[root@dynsrvs ~]# systemctl restart httpd

HAProxy

安装HAProxy

[root@haproxy ~]# yum -y install haproxy[root@haproxy ~]# rpm -ql haproxy[root@haproxy ~]# iptables -F[root@haproxy ~]# setenforce 0[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy[root@haproxy ~]# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg{,.bak}

配置HAProxy代理

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfgfrontend myweb *:80    rspadd  X-Via:\ HAProxy-1    rspidel Server.*    acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html    acl static path_beg -i /images /static    use_backend staticsrvs  if static    default_backend dynsrvsbackend dynsrvs    balance uri    option      forwardfor header X-Client    server dynsrv1 172.16.252.92:80 check cookie dynsrv1    server dynsrv2 172.16.252.92:8080 check cookie dynsrv2    hash-type consistentbackend staticsrvs    option      forwardfor header X-Client    balance uri    server staticsrv1 172.16.252.67:80 check    server staticsrv2 172.16.252.67:8080 check    hash-type consistentlisten status    bind *:9009    acl auth_admin src 172.16.251.196    stats enable    stats uri /myhaproxy?status    stats realm HAProxy\ Admin\ Area    stats auth admin:admin    stats admin if auth_admin[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

测试HAProxy的状态页

http://172.16.252.82:9009/myhaproxy?status

Varnish

[root@varnish ~]# yum -y install varnish 
[root@varnish ~]# iptables -F 
[root@varnish ~]# setenforce 0 
[root@varnish ~]# vim /etc/varnish/varnish.params  
VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 \监听端口为80，默认为6081 
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 \监听管理接口的IP，默认为本机 
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082 \管理接口的端口，默认为6082 
VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret \认证密码文件

#DAEMON_OPTS=”-p thread_pool_min=5 -p thread_pool_max=500 -p thread_pool_timeout=300” \\定义运行时参数[root@varnish ~]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl import directors; # 导入负载均衡模块probe healthchk { # 配置健康状态检查 .url = “/.healthchk.html”; # 检查状态检查的URL .timeout = 2s; # 超时时间 .interval = 2s;# 每2秒检查一次 .window = 8; # 一共检查的次数 .threshold = 5; # 如果大于4次则为健康}# Default backend definition. Set this to point to your content server.backend imgsrv1 { # 配置后端主机 .host = “172.16.252.67”; .port = “80”; .probe = healthchk;}backend imgsrv2 { # 配置后端主机 .host = “172.16.252.67”; .port = “8080”; .probe = healthchk;}sub vcl_init { # 初始化负载均衡 new imgsrvs = directors.round_robin(); imgsrvs.add_backend(imgsrv1); imgsrvs.add_backend(imgsrv2);}sub vcl_recv { if (req.url ~ “(?i)\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg|txt|html|css|js)$”) { set req.backend_hint = websrvs.backend(); } if (req.restarts == 0) { if (req.http.X-Fowarded-For) { set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = req.http.X-Forwarded-For + “,” + client.ip; } else { set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; }}sub vcl_deliver { if (obj.hits > 0) { set resp.http.X-Cache = ” Hit via ” + server.ip; } else { set resp.http.X-Cache = ” Miss via ” + server.ip; }}[root@varnish ~]# systemctl start varnish

修改HAproxy配置文件，使HAproxy调用Varnish服务器

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfgbackend staticsrvs    option      forwardfor header X-Client    balance uri    server staticsrv1  172.16.252.100:80 check    hash-type consistent[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

访问测试

http://172.16.252.82/blog/

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