c++小白慕课网程序6

c++模板篇

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使用友元函数，使得传入进来的对象去访问他的私有数据成员和成员函数
time.h

#pragma once#ifndef TIME_H#define TIME_H#include"match.h"//match是从哪里来的#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Time{    friend void Match:: printTime(Time &t);//友元函数public:    Time(int hour, int min, int sec);private:    int m_iHour;    int m_iMinute;    int m_iSecond;};#endif // !TIME_H

time.cpp

#include"time.h"Time::Time(int hour, int min, int sec){    m_iHour = hour;    m_iMinute = min;    m_iSecond = sec;}

match.h

#pragma once#ifndef STUDENT_H#define STUDENT_Hclass Time;//通过time声明class Match{public:    void printTime(Time&t);};#endif // !STUDENT_H

match.cpp

#include"match.h"#include"time.h"#include<iostream>using namespace std;void Match::printTime(Time &t){    cout << t.m_iHour << ":" << t.m_iMinute << ":" << t.m_iSecond << endl;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"stdlib.h"#include"time.h"#include"match.h"using namespace std;//void printTime(Time &t);int main(void){    Time  t(6, 34, 25);    Match m;    m.printTime(t);    //printTime(t);    system("pause");    return 0;}//void printTime(Time&t)//{//  cout << t.m_iHour << ":" << t.m_iMinute << ":" << t.m_iSecond << endl;//}

友元类
time.h

#pragma once#ifndef TIME_H#define TIME_H#include"match.h"//match是从哪里来的#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Match;class Time{    friend  Match;//友元类public:    Time(int hour, int min, int sec);private:    void printTime();    int m_iHour;    int m_iMinute;    int m_iSecond;};#endif // !TIME_H

time.cpp

#include"time.h"Time::Time(int hour, int min, int sec){    m_iHour = hour;    m_iMinute = min;    m_iSecond = sec;}void Time::printTime(){    cout << m_iHour << "时" << m_iMinute << "分" << m_iSecond << "秒" << endl;}

match.h

#pragma once#ifndef MATCH_H#define MATCH_H#include"time.h"class Match{public:    Match(int hour, int min, int sec);    void testTime();private:    Time m_tTimer;};#endif // !MATCH_H

match.cpp

#include"match.h"#include"time.h"#include<iostream>using namespace std;Match::Match(int hour,int min,int sec):m_tTimer(hour,min,sec){}void Match::testTime(){    m_tTimer.printTime();    cout << m_tTimer.m_iHour<< ":" << m_tTimer.m_iMinute << ":" <<m_tTimer.m_iHour << endl;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"stdlib.h"#include"time.h"#include"match.h"using namespace std;int main(void){    Match m(6, 30, 56);    m.testTime();    system("pause");    return 0;}

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静态数据成员&静态成员函数

Tank.h

#pragma once#ifndef  TANK_H#define TANK_Hclass Tank{public:    Tank(char code);    ~Tank();    void fire();//普通成员函数    static int getCount();//静态成员函数 private:    static int s_iCount;    char m_cCode;};#endif // ! TANK_H

Tank.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"Tank.h"using namespace std;int Tank::s_iCount = 10;//在类的定义之前就初始化Tank::Tank(char code){    m_cCode = code;    s_iCount++;    cout << "Tank" << endl;}Tank::~Tank(){    s_iCount--;    cout << "~Tank" << endl;}void Tank::fire(){    cout << "Tank -- fire" << endl;}int Tank::getCount(){    return s_iCount;}

demo.cpp

#include"Tank.h"#include<stdlib.h>#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main(void){    Tank *p=new Tank('A');    cout << Tank::getCount() << endl;    Tank *q = new Tank('B');    cout << q->getCount() << endl;    delete p;    delete q;    cout << Tank::getCount() << endl;    //cout << t1.getCount() << endl;//cout << t1.getCount() << endl;    system("pause");    return 0;}

一元运算符的重载

Coordinate.h

#pragma once#ifndef COORDINATE_H#define COORDINATE_H#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Coordinate{    friend Coordinate&operator-(Coordinate &c);public:    Coordinate(int x, int y);    Coordinate&operator ++();    Coordinate operator++(int);    //Coordinate  &operator-();    int getX();    int getY();private:    int m_iX;    int m_iY;};#endif // !COORDINATE_H

Coordinate.cpp

#include"Coordinate.h"Coordinate::Coordinate(int x, int y){    m_iX = x;    m_iY = y;}int Coordinate::getX(){    return m_iX;}int Coordinate::getY(){    return m_iY;}//Coordinate&Coordinate::operator-()//{//  this->m_iX = -(this->m_iX);//  m_iY = -m_iY;//  return *this;////}Coordinate&Coordinate::operator++(){    m_iX++;//++m_iX;    m_iY++;//++m_iY;    return *this;}Coordinate Coordinate:: operator++(int){    Coordinate old(*this);    this->m_iX++;    this->m_iY++;    return old;}Coordinate&operator-(Coordinate&c){    c.m_iX = -c.m_iX;    c.m_iY = -c.m_iY;    return c; }

demo.cpp

#include"Coordinate.h"#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main(void){    Coordinate coor1(1, 3);    cout << coor1.getX() << "," << coor1.getY() << endl;    cout << (coor1++).getX() << ",";    cout<< (coor1++).getY() << endl;    cout << coor1.getX() << "," << coor1.getY() << endl;    //-coor1;//coor1.operator-();    //cout << coor1.getX() << "," << coor1.getY() << endl;    system("pause");    return 0;}

二元运算符的重载

Coordinate.h

#pragma once#ifndef COORDINATE_H#define COORDINATE_H#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Coordinate{    friend Coordinate&operator-(Coordinate &c);    friend Coordinate operator+(Coordinate c1, Coordinate c2);//+的友元函数重载    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream&output, Coordinate&coor);//<<运算符的重载public:    Coordinate(int x, int y);    Coordinate&operator ++();    Coordinate operator++(int);    //Coordinate  &operator-();    //Coordinate operator+(Coordinate &c);+运算符成员函数的重载    int operator[](int index);//[]的重载    int getX();    int getY();private:    int m_iX;    int m_iY;};#endif // !COORDINATE_H

Coordinate.cpp

#include"Coordinate.h"Coordinate::Coordinate(int x, int y){    m_iX = x;    m_iY = y;}int Coordinate::getX(){    return m_iX;}int Coordinate::getY(){    return m_iY;}//Coordinate&Coordinate::operator-()//{//  this->m_iX = -(this->m_iX);//  m_iY = -m_iY;//  return *this;////}Coordinate&Coordinate::operator++(){    m_iX++;//++m_iX;    m_iY++;//++m_iY;    return *this;}Coordinate Coordinate:: operator++(int){    Coordinate old(*this);    this->m_iX++;    this->m_iY++;    return old;}Coordinate&operator-(Coordinate&c){    c.m_iX = -c.m_iX;    c.m_iY = -c.m_iY;    return c; }//Coordinate Coordinate::operator+(Coordinate&c)//{//  Coordinate temp(0, 0);//  temp.m_iX = this->m_iX + c.m_iX;//  temp.m_iY = this->m_iY + c.m_iY;//  return temp;//}加号运算符成员函数的重载Coordinate operator+(Coordinate c1, Coordinate c2){    Coordinate temp(0, 0);    temp.m_iX = c1.m_iX + c2.m_iX;    temp.m_iY = c1.m_iY + c2.m_iY;    return temp;}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output, Coordinate &coor){    output << coor.m_iX << "," << coor.m_iY;    return output;}int Coordinate:: operator [](int index)//[]的重载{    if (0 == index)    {        return m_iX;    }    if (1 == index)    {        return m_iY;    }}

demo.cpp

#include"Coordinate.h"#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main(void){    Coordinate coor1(1, 3);    Coordinate coor2(2, 4);    Coordinate coor3(0, 0);    coor3 = coor1 + coor2;    //cout << coor3.getX() << "," << coor3.getY() << endl;    cout << coor3 << endl;//<<的重载实现    cout << coor3[0] << endl;    cout << coor3[1] << endl;    system("pause");    return 0;}

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模板函数

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"stdlib.h"using namespace std;template<typename T>void display(T a){    cout << a << endl;}template <typename T,class S>void display(T t, S s){    cout << t << endl;    cout << s << endl;}template<typename T,int Ksize>//类型参数和变量void display(T a){    for (int i = 0; i < Ksize; i++)    {        cout << a << endl;    }}int main(void){    display<double>(10.98);//模板函数    display<int, double>(5, 8.4);     display<int, 5>(6);    system("pause");    return 0;}

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类模板

MyArray.h

#pragma once#ifndef MYARRAY_H#define MYARRAY_H#include<iostream>using namespace std;template<typename T,int Ksize,int KVal>class MyArray{public:    MyArray();    ~MyArray()    {        delete[]m_pArr;        m_pArr = NULL;    }    void display();private:    T*m_pArr; };template<typename T,int Ksize,int KVal>MyArray<T, KSize, KVal>::MyArray(){    m_pArr = new T[Ksize];    for (int i = 0; i < Ksize; i++)    {        m_pArr[i] = KVal;        for (int i = 0; i < KSize; i++)        {            m_pArr[i] = KVal;        }    }}template <typename T,int KSize,int KVal>void MyArray<T, KSize, KVal>::display(){    for (int i = 0; i < KSize; i++)    {        cout << m_pArr[i] << endl;     }}#endif // !MYARRAY_H

MyArray.cpp

#include"MyArray.h"

demo.cpp

#include<stdlib.h>#include<iostream>#include<string>#include"MyArray.h"using namespace std;int main(void){    MyArray<int, 5, 6>arr;    arr.display();    system("pause");    return 0;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<vector>#include<list>#include<map>#include<string>using namespace std;int main(void){    vector<int>vec;    vec.push_back(3);    vec.push_back(4);    vec.push_back(6);     //vec.pop_back();    //cout << vec.size() << endl;    //    vector<int>::iterator itor = vec.begin();//使用迭代器操作遍历    //cout << *itor << endl;    //for (; itor != vec.end(); itor++)    //{    //  cout << *itor << endl;    //}    //cout << vec.front() << endl;//打印第一个数据    //cout << vec.back() << endl;//打印最后一个数据    //list:    //list<int>list1;    //list1.push_back(4);    //list1.push_back(7);    //list1.push_back(10);    ////for (int i = 10; i < list1.size(); i++)    ////{    ////    cout << list1[i] << endl;    ////}出现错误没法访问    //list<int>::iterator itor = list1.begin();    //for (; itor!=list1.end(); itor++)    //{    //  cout << *itor << endl;    //}    map<int, string>m;    pair<int, string>p1(3, "hello");    pair<int, string>p2(6, "world");    pair<int, string>p3(8, "beijing");    m.insert(p1);    m.insert(p2);    m.insert(p3);    //cout << m[3] << endl;//索引    //cout << m[6] << endl;    map<int, string>::iterator citer = m.begin();    for (; citer != m.end(); citer++)    {        cout << citer->first << endl;        cout << citer->second << endl;        cout << endl;    }    system("pause");    return 0;}