Python3中有关TK模块



GUI中Tkinter详细介绍

Tkinter 是 Python 的标准 GUI 库。Python 使用 Tkinter 可以快速的创建 GUI 应用程序。

由于 Tkinter 是内置到 python 的安装包中、只要安装好 Python 之后就能 import Tkinter 库、而且 IDLE 也是用 Tkinter 编写而成、对于简单的图形界面 Tkinter 还是能应付自如。

-----有关TK模块的小应用

from tkinter import  *
import time
tk = Tk()
canvas=Canvas(tk,width=4000,height=4000)#创建长宽4000的画布

# canvas.create_rectangle(100,100,300,300,fill="green")

# for i in range(0, 60):
#     canvas.move(1, 0, -3)
#     tk.update()
#     time.sleep(0.05)
Id1=canvas.create_polygon(200,0,100,100,300,100,fill="black")
canvas.pack() #将画布展示出来

def press_x(event):
    if event.keysym == "Up":
        canvas.move(1, 0, -3)
        canvas.itemconfigure(Id1,fill="green")

    elif event.keysym == "Down":
        canvas.move(1,0,3)
        canvas.itemconfigure(Id1, fill="red")
    elif event.keysym == "Left":
        canvas.move(1,-3,0)
        canvas.itemconfigure(Id1, fill="yellow")

    else :
        canvas.move(1,3,0)
        canvas.itemconfigure(Id1, fill="blue")
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Up>",press_x)
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Down>",press_x)
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Left>",press_x)
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Right>",press_x)

# canvas.create_arc(10,10,200,80,start=0,extent=359,style=ARC)
tk.mainloop()

----用TK制作的小球Game

from tkinter import *
import random
import time
class Ball:
    def __init__(self,canvas,paddle,color):
        self.canvas=canvas
        self.paddle=paddle
        self.id=canvas.create_oval(10,10,25,25,fill=color)
        self.canvas.move(self.id,245,100)
        starts=[-3,-2,-1,1,2,3]#让x开始的坐标为列表里的任意一个坐标
        random.shuffle(starts)
        self.x=starts[0]
        self.y=-3
        self.canvas_width=self.canvas.winfo_width()#获取画布当前的宽度
        self.canvas_height=self.canvas.winfo_height()#获取画布当前的高度
        self.hit_bottom=False
    def hit_paddle(self,pos):#击打函数，pos是小球的坐标
        paddle_pos=self.canvas.coords(self.paddle.id)#获取球拍的位置
        if pos[2]>=paddle_pos[0] and pos[0]<=paddle_pos[2]:#小球右侧大于球拍左侧且小球左侧小于球拍右侧
            if pos[3]>=paddle_pos[1]and pos[3]<=paddle_pos[3]:
                return True
        return False
    def draw(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id,self.x,self.y)
        pos=self.canvas.coords(self.id)#用来传入画布上任何画好的东西的坐标（四个坐标）
        if pos[1]<=0:#判断Y1坐标（即小球的顶部）是否小于等于0，成立即不再减少
            self.y=3
        if pos[3]>=self.canvas_height:#判断Y2坐标（即小球的底部）是否大于画布高度，成立也往回走
            self.hit_bottom=True
        if self.hit_paddle(pos)==True:
            self.y=-3
        if pos[0]<=0:
            self.x=3
        if pos[2]>=self.canvas_width:
            self.x=-3
class Paddle:
    def __init__(self,canvas,color):
        self.canvas=canvas
        self.id=canvas.create_rectangle(0,0,100,10,fill=color)
        self.canvas.move(self.id,200,350)
        self.x=0
        self.canvas_width=self.canvas.winfo_width()
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Left>',self.turn_left)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Right>',self.turn_right)
    def draw(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id,self.x,0)
        pos=self.canvas.coords(self.id)
        if pos[0]<=0:
            self.x=0
        if pos[2]>=self.canvas_width:
            self.x=0
    def turn_left(self,evt):
        self.x=-2
    def turn_right(self,evt):
        self.x=2
tk=Tk()
tk.title("Game")
tk.resizable(0,0)#窗口在垂直和水平方向都不能改变
tk.wm_attributes("-topmost",1)#画布窗口放在所有窗口之前
canvas=Canvas(tk,width=500,height=400,bd=0,highlightthickness=0)#确保画布之外没有边框
canvas.pack()
tk.update()
paddle=Paddle(canvas,'green')
ball=Ball(canvas,paddle,'red')
while 1:
    if ball.hit_bottom==False:
        ball.draw()
        paddle.draw()
    tk.update_idletasks()
    tk.update()
    time.sleep(0.1)