Java8 Stream的深入学习

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package com.lgx.jdk8.part02;import java.util.*;import java.util.stream.Collectors;import java.util.stream.IntStream;import java.util.stream.Stream;/** * Stream的使用介绍 */public class Test04Stream {    public static void main(String[] args) {        //创建流的几种方式        Stream stream1 = Stream.of("hello", "world", "hello world");        String[] myArray = new String[]{"hello", "world", "hello world"};        Stream stream2 = Stream.of(myArray);        Stream stream3 = Arrays.stream(myArray);        List<String> myList = Arrays.asList("hello", "world", "hello world");        Stream stream4 = myList.stream();        System.out.println("------------------------");        //IntStream的使用        IntStream.of(new int[]{3,4,5,6,7}).forEach(System.out::print);System.out.println();        IntStream.range(3,8).forEach(System.out::print);System.out.println();        IntStream.rangeClosed(3,7).forEach(System.out::print);System.out.println();        System.out.println("------------------------");        //每个数乘以2再求和        List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9);        //传统写法        /*int sum = 0;        for(Integer integer: list){            sum += integer*2;        }        System.out.println("sum = [" + sum + "]");*/        //jdk8写法        System.out.println("sum = [" + list.stream().map(i -> i*2).reduce(0, Integer::sum) + "]");        //流转换成集合,再遍历        Stream<String> streams = Stream.of("hello", "world", "hello world");        /*String[] strArray = streams.toArray(length -> new String[length]);        Arrays.asList(strArray).forEach(System.out::println);*/        //用方法引用来写        /*String[] strArray2 = streams.toArray(String[]::new);        Arrays.asList(strArray2).forEach(System.out::println);*/        //用collect(),另外方法来写        /*List<String> strList = streams.collect(() -> new ArrayList(), (theList, item) -> theList.add(item),                (theList1, theList2) -> theList1.addAll(theList2));        strList.forEach(System.out::println);*/        //用collect(),参数方法引用来写        /*List<String> strList2 = streams.collect(ArrayList::new, ArrayList::add, ArrayList::addAll);        strList2.forEach(System.out::println);*/        //用collect()配合Collectors.toList()来写        /*List<String> strList3 = streams.collect(Collectors.toList());        strList3.forEach(System.out::println);*/        //用collect()配合Collectors.toCollection来写,可以指定类型:如ArrayList,LinkList等        /*List<String> strList4 = streams.collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new));        strList4.forEach(System.out::println);*/        //转换成set        /*Set<String> set = streams.collect(Collectors.toSet());        set.forEach(System.out::println);        System.out.println("set type = [" + set.getClass() + "]");*/        //转换成set,指定类型        /*Set<String> set = streams.collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new));        set.forEach(System.out::println);        System.out.println("set type = [" + set.getClass() + "]");*/        //拼接        /*String str = streams.collect(Collectors.joining());        System.out.println("拼接str=" + str);*/        /*String str = streams.collect(Collectors.joining(", "));        System.out.println("拼接str2=" + str);*/        /*String str = streams.collect(Collectors.joining(", ", "[", "]"));        System.out.println("拼接str3=" + str);*/        //过滤,将每个参数由小写变成大写,map函数就是映射,针对每一个元素        List<String> list2 = Arrays.asList("hello", "world", "hello world");        list2.stream().map(String::toUpperCase).collect(Collectors.toList()).forEach(System.out::println);        //过滤,将每个参数变成之前的平方        List<Integer> list3 = Arrays.asList(2,3,4,5);        list3.stream().map(item -> item * item).collect(Collectors.toList()).forEach(System.out::println);        System.out.println("==========================");        //flatMap操作,扁平化map,会将里面的集合元素,合并到一个集合        Stream<List<Integer>> stream5 = Stream.of(Arrays.asList(1,2,3), Arrays.asList(13,14), Arrays.asList(25,26,27));        stream5.flatMap(theList -> theList.stream()).map(item -> item * item).forEach(System.out::println);        /**         * generate方法使用         * findFirst之所以返回一个Optional,是因为避免NPE(空指针异常),因为可能一个都没找到         */        Stream<String> stream6 = Stream.generate(UUID.randomUUID()::toString);        stream6.findFirst().ifPresent(System.out::println);        //iterate方法使用        Stream.iterate(1, item -> item + 2).limit(10).forEach(System.out::println);        //找出上面那个流中大于2的元素,然后将每个元素乘以3,然后忽略掉前4个元素,然后再取出流中的前5个元素,最后求出流中元素的总和        //mapToInt是map的一个具化,省去类型转换,skip标示忽略掉前几个元素,limit是取几个元素        Stream<Integer> stream7 = Stream.iterate(1, item -> item + 2).limit(10);        /*int sum = stream7.filter(item -> item > 2).mapToInt(item -> item * 3).skip(4).limit(5).sum();        System.out.println("sum=" + sum);*/        //如果是求最大值        /*OptionalInt max = stream7.filter(item -> item > 2).mapToInt(item -> item * 3).skip(4).limit(5).max();        max.ifPresent(System.out::print);*/        //如果我们又想求总和,或者最大值,最小值,平均值,个数之类的应该怎么写呢        //summaryStatistics是总结统计的,是一个终止操作        IntSummaryStatistics intSummaryStatistics = stream7.filter(item -> item > 2).mapToInt(item -> item * 3).skip(4).limit(5).summaryStatistics();        System.out.println("sum = [" + intSummaryStatistics.getSum() + "]");        System.out.println("max = [" + intSummaryStatistics.getMax() + "]");        System.out.println("min = [" + intSummaryStatistics.getMin() + "]");        System.out.println("ave = [" + intSummaryStatistics.getAverage() + "]");        System.out.println("count = [" + intSummaryStatistics.getCount() + "]");
//Stream的使用陷阱
Stream<Integer> stream8 = Stream.iterate(1, item -> item + 2).limit(10);        /*System.out.println("stream8 = " + stream8);        System.out.println("stream8 = " + stream8.filter(item -> item > 2));        System.out.println("stream8 = " + stream8.distinct());//distinct去重的作用*/        //执行2个操作,会报错,流一旦被关闭了就不能再去操作了,或者被操作了一次之后,在另外一个地方又重新去操作,        //规避办法如下,当然最好写成链的形式        System.out.println("stream8 = " + stream8);        Stream<Integer> stream8_2 = stream8.filter(item -> item > 2);        System.out.println("stream8_2 = " + stream8_2);        Stream<Integer> stream8_3 = stream8_2.distinct();        System.out.println("stream8_3 = " + stream8_3);        List<String> list4 = Arrays.asList("hello", "world", "hello world");        //正常打印        //list4.stream().map(item -> item.substring(0, 1) + item.substring(2)).forEach(System.out::println);        //啥都不打印,因为没有及早求值或者没有终止操作        /*list4.stream().map(item ->{            String result = item.substring(0, 1) + item.substring(2);            System.out.println("test-------");            return result;        });*/        //依次打印一个test,再输出一个元素        /*list4.stream().map(item ->{            String result = item.substring(0, 1) + item.substring(2);            System.out.println("test-------");            return result;        }).forEach(System.out::println);*/        //关于执行顺序        //IntStream.iterate(0, i -> (i+1)%2).limit(10).distinct().forEach(System.out::println);//limit已经定义了个数,再去重,就不会无限循环        //IntStream.iterate(0, i -> (i+1)%2).distinct().limit(10).forEach(System.out::println);//无限循环,因为distinct会一直等待前面的数字

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