手把手教你搭建Hadoop集群搭建（centos7+Hadoop2.8.2）

本集群所需软件：
VMwareworkstation64_12.5.7.0
Xmanager Enterprise 4 Build 0182
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708
hadoop-2.8.2.tar
jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar
三台主机
master 192.168.1.140
slave1 192.168.1.141
slave2 192.168.1.142
1.安装虚拟机
（1）安装虚拟机
（2）克隆虚拟机
2.修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master(slave1,slave2)
3.修改IP
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.140
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS=192.168.1.254
4.修改/etc/hosts文件
添加 
192.168.1.140 master
192.168.1.141 slave1
192.168.1.142 slave2
5.关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
禁止防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld
6.修改SELinux
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELinux=disabled
7.免密码登录
ssh-keygen 然后一直回车
在master上将id_rsa.pub重定向到authorized_keys
cat id_rsa.pub>>authorized_keys
将authorized_keys分发到slaver1、slaver2的/root/.ssh目录下
scp authorized_keys slaver1/slaver2的IP地址 /root/.ssh/
8.卸载jdk
rpm -qa | grep java
删除所有java
rpm -e java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.66.1.13.0.el6.x86_64 --nodeps
9.yum源配置
cd /run/media/root/CentOS\ 7\ x86_64/Packages/
cp * /yum
cd /yum
rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.6-3.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.6-3.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.9-28.el7.noarch.rpm 
createrepo .
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
rm -rf *
vi yum.repo
[local]
name=yum.repo
baseurl=file:///yum
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
yum clean all
yum repolist


10.配置ftp服务
yum -y install ftp* vsftpd*
slave yum源用baseurl=ftp://192.168.1.140/pub
11.安装yum包
yum -y install libc*
yum -y install openssh*
yum -y install man*
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33*
yum -y install libaio-0.*
yum -y install libaio-devel*
yum -y install sysstat-9.*
yum -y install glibc-2.*
yum -y install glibc-devel-2.* glibc-headers-2.*
yum -y install ksh-2*
yum -y install libgcc-4.*
yum -y install libstdc++-4.*
yum -y install libstdc++-4.*.i686*
yum -y install libstdc++-devel-4.*
yum -y install gcc-4.*x86_64*
yum -y install gcc-c++-4.*x86_64*
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64* elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-0*i686* elfutils-libelf-devel-0*i686*
yum -y install libtool-ltdl*i686*
yum -y install ncurses*i686*
yum -y install ncurses*
yum -y install readline*
yum -y install unixODBC*
yum -y install zlib
yum -y install zlib*
yum -y install openssl*
yum -y install patch*
yum -y install git*
yum -y install lzo-devel* zlib-devel* gcc* autoconf* automake* libtool*
yum -y install lzop*
yum -y install lrzsz*
yum -y install lzo-devel*  zlib-devel*  gcc* autoconf* automake* libtool*
yum -y install nc*
yum -y install glibc*
yum -y install gzip*
yum -y install zlib*
yum -y install gcc*
yum -y install gcc-c++*
yum -y install make*
yum -y install protobuf*
yum -y install protoc*
yum -y install cmake*
yum -y install openssl-devel*
yum -y install ncurses-devel*
yum -y install unzip*
yum -y install telnet*
yum -y install telnet-server*
yum -y install wget*
yum -y install svn*
yum -y install ntpdate*
关闭不必要的服务
chkconfig autofs off
chkconfig acpid off
chkconfig sendmail off
chkconfig cups-config-daemon off
chkconfig cpus off
chkconfig xfs off
chkconfig lm_sensors off
chkconfig gpm off
chkconfig openibd off
chkconfig pcmcia off
chkconfig cpuspeed off
chkconfig nfslock off
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig ip6tables off
chkconfig rpcidmapd off
chkconfig apmd off
chkconfig sendmail off
chkconfig arptables_jf off
chkconfig microcode_ctl off
chkconfig rpcgssd off
12.安装Java
将jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz安装包上传到/usr/local下
解压 tar xzvf jdk 补全
改名 mv jdk1.8.0_151/ java
修改/etc/profile文件
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
生成环境变量
source /etc/profile
scp命令将整个文件夹分发到从节点slaver1、slaver2上laver2上
scp -r /etc/profile root@slaver1(slave2):/etc/profile
13.hadoop安装
上传Hadoop包到/usr/local/下
解压 tar xzvf hadoop-2.8.2.tar.gz 
改名 mv hadoop-2.8.2 hadoop
修改/etc/profile文件
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
#export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib:$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib/native"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=/usr/local/hadoop/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=/usr/local/hadoop/lib"
#export HADOOP_ROOT_LOGGER=DEBUG,console
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
生成环境变量 
source /etc/profile
修改配置文件
cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop
 (1)vi hadoop-env.sh
 修改内容export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
 (2)vi core-site.xml
 <property>
 <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
 <value>hdfs://192.168.1.140:9000</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
 <value>131072</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
 <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
 <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
 <value>*</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
 <value>*</value>
 </property> 
 (3)修改yarn-site.xml文件
 vi yarn-site.xml
 <property>
            <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
            <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  </property>
  <property>
            <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
            <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
  </property>
  <property>
             <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
             <value>192.168.1.140:8032</value>
  </property>
  <property>
             <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
             <value>192.168.1.140:8030</value>
  </property>
  <property>
             <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
             <value>192.168.1.140:8035</value>
  </property>
  <property>
             <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
             <value>192.168.1.140:8033</value>
  </property>
  <property>
             <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
             <value>192.168.1.140:8088</value>
  </property>
  （4）修改hdfs-site.xml文件
  <property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
 <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
 <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>dfs.replication</name>
 <value>3</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
 <value>192.168.1.140:9001</value>
 </property>
 <property>
 <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
 <value>true</value>
 </property> 
 （5）修改mapred-site.xml
 <property>
 <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
 <value>yarn</value>
 </property>
 
 （6）修改slaves文件
192.168.1.140
192.168.1.141
192.168.1.142
 14.将master配置好的文件发送到slave1，slave2上，并生成环境变量
 15.格式化hadoop
 Hadoop namenode -format
 16.启动集群
 start-all.sh
 master :
 [root@master ~]# jps
4705 SecondaryNameNode
8712 Jps
4299 NameNode
4891 ResourceManager
5035 NodeManager
4447 DataNode
 slave1:
 [root@slave1 ~]# jps
2549 DataNode
2729 NodeManager
3258 Jps
 slave2:
 [root@slave2 ~]# jps
3056 Jps
2596 DataNode
2938 NodeManager
 17.在浏览器输入master地址+:8088（MR管理界面)
 
 在浏览器输入master地址+:50070（HDFS管理界面）