使用apt-mirror搭建本地apt服务器(by quqi99)

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问题

你懂的，国内环境访问ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com会非常慢，本文将使用apt-mirror搭建一个本地apt服务器以提升办公效率。

安装

sudo ufw disablesudo apt -y install apache2 apt-mirrormkdir -p /images/xenial-repo$ cat /etc/apt/mirror.list ############# config ###################set base_path /images/xenial-repo#set defaultarch amd64## set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror# set skel_path    $base_path/skel# set var_path     $base_path/var# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh# set defaultarch  <running host architecture># set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh# set run_postmirror 0set nthreads     30set _tilde 0############## end config ###############deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse#deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse#deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse#deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse#deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse#see http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/ocata main#deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/queens main#clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntuclean http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu

运行

sudo touch /images/xenial-repo/var/postmirror.shsudo apt-mirror

或者运行“sudo crontab -e”添加下列crob在每天四点半运行：

30 4    * * *    root    /usr/bin/apt-mirror >> /var/log/apt-mirror.log

配置Apache

Apache的已有配置如下：

$ sudo grep -r 'DocumentRoot' /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf        DocumentRoot /var/www/html$ grep -r '/var/www/' /etc/apache2/apache2.conf -A 4<Directory /var/www/>    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    AllowOverride All    Require all granted</Directory>

创建软链及注意一个关键易犯问题

sudo ln -s /images/xenial-repo  /var/www/html/apt-mirrorsudo chown -R www-data:www-data /imagessudo service apache2 reload

注：上面这一句”chown -R www-data:www-data /images”异常关键，网上几乎所有能搜寻的答案全部是关于添加’Options FollowSymLinks’的，其实如上/etc/apache2/apache2.conf文件中已经包含该设置。apache 2.4使用的目录的用户名和组必须全部是www-data，否则/var/log/apache2/error.log会报这个错误“Symbolic link not allowed or link target not accessible”（WEB页上看到的错误是‘You don’t have permission to access”）。可用该命令“sudo -u www-data ls /var/www/html/apt-mirror”验证它是否成功。之前我一直在这个地方犯错是因为我执行的是“chown -R www-data:www-data /images/xenial-repo”，这样导致仍然无法顺利执行““sudo -u www-data ls /var/www/html/apt-mirror”命令。

使用它

touch /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mymirror.listcat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mymirror.list <<EOF#deb http://node1/apt-mirror/mirror/cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiversedeb http://node1/apt-mirror/mirror/ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates/ocata mainEOFrm -rf /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudarchive-ocata.list*apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 5EDB1B62EC4926EAapt update

20171101更新

此次apt update慢的原因最后通过”Software & Update -> Ubuntu Software -> Download from Other - Select Best Server”将之前的mirrors.aliyun.com改成mirrors.yun-idc.com就好了。之前各种源也都换过，为什么这次行了具体原因不明待下次遇到了待查。

20171115更新

今天在安装libvirt0时总是发生包依赖问题（libvirt0: Depends: libxen-4.6 (>=4.6.5) but 4.6.0-1ubuntu4.3 is to be installed)，原来是mirrors.aliyun.com的问题，这个源更新不及时会造成众多问题。
为了克服这种更新不及时造成的问题，看样子还是最好别搭私有源和使用国内源，所以换回官方源：

deb http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiversedeb http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse