Mac OS安装mysql教程

前两天为了开发方便，在自己电脑上装了一个mysql，发现Mac上的安装步骤中还是有些注意事项的，于是整理了这篇博客。

1、下载

进入官网www.mysql.com下载所需的mysql版本和安装包格式。
注：Mac需下载dmg格式文件。

下载完毕后，点击pkg安装包，next进行安装。

2、安装

安装完毕后，进入系统偏好设置，找到mysql。

点击Start Mysql Server，显示启动成功。

Tips:
（1）mysql默认安装路径是:/usr/local/mysql
（2）此时需要记录下临时密码，如w?8gUt-xfp_s。

3、配置

3.1修改临时密码

数据库连接工具无法使用临时密码进行连接，会报错密码失效。

登录mysql的默认路径的bin下，使用如下命令，进行修改。其中，123456为你的新密码。

3.2修改字符集

一般，my-default.cnf文件在mysql/support-files下。若存在，将其拷贝到/etc下，并修改名称为my.cnf。若没有，则手动建立该文件于/etc下。

新建文件命令：
sudo vim my.cnf

设置文件权限：
chmod 775 my.cnf

添加文件内容：
将如下配置内容写入到文件中

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.    #    # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays    # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with    # other programs (such as a web server)    #    # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of    # locations which depend on the deployment platform.    # You can copy this option file to one of those    # locations. For information about these locations, see:    # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html    #    # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.    # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program    # with the "--help" option.    # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients    [client]  default-character-set=utf8  #password   = your_password    port        = 3306    socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock     # Here follows entries for some specific programs    # The MySQL server    [mysqld]  character-set-server=utf8  init_connect='SET  NAMES utf8'  port        = 3306    socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock    skip-external-locking    key_buffer_size = 16M    max_allowed_packet = 1M    table_open_cache = 64    sort_buffer_size = 512K    net_buffer_length = 8K    read_buffer_size = 256K    read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K    myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M    character-set-server=utf8    init_connect='SET  NAMES utf8' # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  #   #skip-networking  # Replication Master Server (default)    # binary logging is required for replication    log-bin=mysql-bin  # binary logging format - mixed recommended      binlog_format=mixed  # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1        # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set        # but will not function as a master if omitted        server-id   = 1  # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)      #      # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between      # two methods :      #      # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -      #    the syntax is:      #      #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,      #    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;      #      #    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and      #    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).      #      #    Example:      #      #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,      #    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';      #      # OR      #      # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then      #    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example      #    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to      #    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later      #    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and      #    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown      #    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.      #    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched      #    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)      #      # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1      # (and different from the master)      # defaults to 2 if master-host is set      # but will not function as a slave if omitted      #server-id       = 2      #      # The replication master for this slave - required      #master-host     =   <hostname>      #      # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting      # to the master - required      #master-user     =   <username>      #      # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to      # the master - required      #master-password =   <password>      #      # The port the master is listening on.      # optional - defaults to 3306      #master-port     =  <port>      #      # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended      #log-bin=mysql-bin  # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables        #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data        #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend        #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data        # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %        # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high        #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M        #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M        # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size        #innodb_log_file_size = 5M        #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M        #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1        #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50  [mysqldump]          quick          max_allowed_packet = 16M  [mysql]            no-auto-rehash            # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL            #safe-updates            default-character-set=utf8   [myisamchk]          key_buffer_size = 20M          sort_buffer_size = 20M          read_buffer = 2M          write_buffer = 2M  [mysqlhotcopy]            interactive-timeout

重启后登录mysql client ，输入show variables like ‘%char%’；进行查看。

4、小结

选择稳定的且适合你系统的安装包；
权限问题实在搞不定记得sudo；
vi操作文件要小心。

以上，世上无难事，只怕有心人。