处理三级缓存 应用

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这里说的三级缓存,分别指的是:内存缓存、文件缓存和网络这三个层面。

一般来说,我们首次加载图片,内存和文件是没有缓存的,这样我们需要从网络加载,加载完成后,我们会存到内存和文件中去;当再次加载图片的时候,我们会先查找内存有没有,如果有就直接显示内存中的图片,如果没有,我们会接着查找文件中是否有,如果文件中有,我们会显示文件中的图片,并且把它存到内存中去,这样下次我们在内存中就能找到它了。

我们之所以要做缓存,主要是为了提高效率,节省流量。但是为什么要做三级呢?为什么不只存在内存或者只存在文件中呢?这是因为内存的读取速度快,但是容易被回收,容量小,文件的读取速度次之,不过容量大,不到不得已不会被回收。

//权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>
/** * author:Created by WangZhiQiang on 2017-09-04. * 处理三级缓存 * 内存缓存(LruCache-->最近最少使用算法,当缓存慢的时候,自动把最近使用最少的删除,腾出来的空间添加新的缓存内容) * sd卡缓存 * 网络 */
//工具类public class ImagesUtils {    Handler handler;    private final File cacheDir;    private final ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool;    private final LruCache<String, Bitmap> lruCache;   //有参构造    public ImagesUtils (Context context, Handler handler){        this.handler = handler;        //获得你手机上的最大内存        long maxMemory  = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();        int maxSize = (int) (maxMemory / 8);        //得到本app在sd上的缓存文件夹        cacheDir = context.getCacheDir();        // 初始化线程池;初始化5个现成,供程序使用        newFixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);        lruCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(maxSize) {            //每次缓存图片都要调用这个方法;            @Override            protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value) {                return value.getRowBytes()*value.getHeight();            }        };    }    /**     * 取图片,     *     * @param path     * @return     */    public Bitmap getBitMap(String path){        //获取内存中的图片        Bitmap bitmap = lruCache.get(path);        if(bitmap!=null){            System.out.println("我走了内存");            return bitmap;        }        //从本地去取,sd卡去取bitmap        bitmap = getBitMapFromLocal(path);        if(bitmap!=null){            System.out.println("我走了本地缓存");            return bitmap;        }        // 从网络去取        getBitmapFromNet(path);        return null;    }    /**     * 从网络     *     * @param path     */    private void getBitmapFromNet(final String path) {       //用线程池里的线程执行请求网络操作;        newFixedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    URL url=new URL(path);                    HttpURLConnection connection  = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                    connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);                    connection.setReadTimeout(5000);                    int code = connection.getResponseCode();                    if(code==200){                        InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();                        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);                        Message msg = new Message();                        msg.what = 111;                        msg.obj = bitmap;                        Bundle data = new Bundle();                        data.putString("tag", path);                        msg.setData(data);                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                        //缓存到本地                        saveBitmapToLocal(bitmap, path);                        //缓存到内存                        lruCache.put(path, bitmap);                    }                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });    }    protected void saveBitmapToLocal(Bitmap bitmap, String path) {        try {            String encode = EncoderUtils.encode(path);            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(cacheDir + "/" + encode);            //图片二次裁剪            bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 80, fileOutputStream);        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    private Bitmap getBitMapFromLocal(String path) {        try {            String encode = EncoderUtils.encode(path);            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(cacheDir                    + "/" + encode);            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fileInputStream);            //存到内存            lruCache.put(path, bitmap);            return bitmap;        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return null;    }}

/** * author:Created by WangZhiQiang on 2017-09-04. * 工具类,把对url进行md5加密,加密后以字符串的形式返回; * 缓存的时候用key(url加密后的字符串)对应value(bitmap) */public class EncoderUtils {    /**     * Md5Encoder     *     * @param string     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static String encode(String string) throws Exception {        byte[] hash = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(                string.getBytes("UTF-8"));        StringBuilder hex = new StringBuilder(hash.length * 2);        for (byte b : hash) {            if ((b & 0xFF) < 0x10) {                hex.append("0");            }            hex.append(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF));        }        return hex.toString();    }}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private GridView gv;    String[] imageUrls = new String[] {            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uplds/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383299_1976.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383291_6518.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383291_8239.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383290_9329.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383290_1042.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383275_3977.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383265_8550.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383264_3954.jpg",            "http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201407/26/1406383264_4787.jpg",    };    Handler handler=new Handler(){        @Override        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            super.handleMessage(msg);        }    };    private ImagesUtils imagesutils;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        imagesutils = new ImagesUtils(this,handler);        gv = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gv);        gv.setAdapter(new myadaper());    }    class  myadaper extends BaseAdapter{        @Override        public int getCount() {            return imageUrls.length;        }        @Override        public Object getItem(int i) {            return null;        }        @Override        public long getItemId(int i) {            return 0;        }        @Override        public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {            ImageView iv = new ImageView(MainActivity.this);            iv.setTag(imageUrls[i]);            //取图片            Bitmap bitmap  = imagesutils.getBitMap(imageUrls[i]);            // 从内存中或者缓存中            if(bitmap !=null){                iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);            }            // 获取图片            return iv;        }    }}