Servlet+Tomcat搭建Http服务

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1、下载Tomcat

Tomcat官网下载：http://tomcat.apache.org/
要确保Tomcat与JDK版本对应，此文中采用的是Tomcatv8.0和JDK1.7
查看各版本对应：http://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html

2、建web项目

打开eclipse
File -> New -> Dynamic Web Project
-> 输入Project name: MyServlet -> New Runtime… -> Apache Tomcat v8.0
-> Next->Browse -> 选择Tomcat v8.0安装目录 -> 确定 -> Finish
-> Next -> Next -> Generate web.xml…前打钩 -> Finish

3、建Servlet.java

src下新建package: servletTest
servletTest下新建: ServletServer.java

项目文件如下：

4.ServletServer.java

package servletTest;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
public class ServletServer extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -8007568372864896315L;
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
BufferedReader bufferReader = request.getReader();
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = bufferReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
String postData = buffer.toString();
postData = URLDecoder.decode(postData, "utf-8");
String[] params = postData.split("&");
String id = null;
String name = null;
for (int index = 0; index < params.length; index = index + 1) {
if (params[index].startsWith("id=")) {
id = params[index].substring(params[index].indexOf("id=") + "id=".length());
}
if (params[index].startsWith("name=")) {
name = params[index].substring(params[index].indexOf("name=") + "name=".length());
}
}
if (!((null == id || id.isEmpty()) && (null == name || name.isEmpty()))) {
String ret = "id为" + id + ";name为" + name;
out.print(ret);
out.flush();
out.close();
} else {
out.print("无数据");
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}

5、web.xml配置

这里写图片描述

6、运行SercletServer.java

Eclipse会自动弹出一个浏览器，效果如图：

7、HttpRequest

从网上随便找一个HttpRequest来测试一下

package httpTest;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
public class HttpRequest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String data="id=521&name=宋";
data=URLEncoder.encode(data, "utf-8");
String sr = HttpRequest.sendPost("http://localhost:8080/MyServlet/", data);
System.out.println(sr);
}
/**
* 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
*
* @param url
* 发送请求的 URL
* @param param
* 请求参数，请求参数应该是name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
* @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
*/
public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
}

8、http测试结果

9、war包

右键项目 -> Export -> WAR file
把导出的war包放在Tomcat安装目录下的webapps文件夹下
进入Tomcat安装目录下的bin文件夹，双击startup.bat运行
运行刚才的HttpRequest.java，可以得到相同的结果

10、Tomcat？汤姆猫？喵~

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