基本环境搭建

1.加入 Spring
1). 加入 jar 包
2). 配置 web.xml 文件
3). 加入 Spring 的配置文件.

2.加入 Hibernate
1). 同时建立持久化类, 和其对应的 .hbm.xml 文件, 生成对应的数据表
2). Spring 整合 Hibernate
3). 步骤:

①. 加入 jar 包
②. 在类路径下加入 hibernate.cfg.xml 文件, 在其中配置 hibernate 的基本属性
③. 建立持久化类, 和其对应的 .hbm.xml 文件
④. 和 Spring 进行整合

i. 加入 c3p0 和 MySQL 的驱动
ii. 在 Spring 的配置文件中配置: 数据源, SessionFactory, 声明式事务

⑤. 启动项目, 会看到生成对应的数据表

3.加入 Struts2
1). 加入 jar 包: 若有重复的 jar 包, 则需要删除版本较低的. javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar
2). 在 web.xml 文件中配置 Struts2 的 Filter
3). 加入 Struts2 的配置文件
4). 整合 Spring
①. 加入 Struts2 的 Spring 插件的 jar 包
②. 在 Spring 的配置文件中正常配置 Action, 注意 Action 的 scope 为 prototype
③. 在 Struts2 的配置文件中配置 Action 时, class 属性指向该 Action 在 IOC 中的 id

web.xml:

<context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value></context-param><listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- 配置 Struts2 的 Filter --><filter>    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping>    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">    <!-- 导入资源文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>    <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置 SessionFactory -->    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>        <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/zhou/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置 Spring 的声明式事务 -->    <!-- 1. 配置 hibernate 的事务管理器 -->    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 2. 配置事务属性 -->    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">        <tx:attributes>            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>            <tx:method name="lastNameIsValid" read-only="true"/>            <tx:method name="*"/>        </tx:attributes>    </tx:advice>    <!-- 3. 配置事务切入点, 再把事务属性和事务切入点关联起来 -->    <aop:config>        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhou.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>    </aop:config></beans>

dp.properties:

jdbc.user=rootjdbc.password=123456jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///ssh_crudjdbc.initPoolSize=5jdbc.maxPoolSize=10#...

hibernate.cfg.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration>    <session-factory>        <!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 -->        <!-- 方言 -->        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>        <!-- 是否显示及格式化 SQL -->        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>        <!-- 生成数据表的策略 -->        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>        <!-- 二级缓存相关 -->    </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

添加Department.java和Employee.java:

public class Department {    private Integer id;    private String departmentName;    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getDepartmentName() {        return departmentName;    }    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {        this.departmentName = departmentName;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName                + "]";    }}

public class Employee {    private Integer id;    // 不能被修改    private String lastName;    private String email;    // 从前端传入的是 String 类型, 所以需要注意转换    private Date birth;    // 不能被修改    private Date createTime;    // 单向 n-1 的关联关系    private Department department;    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getLastName() {        return lastName;    }    public void setLastName(String lastName) {        this.lastName = lastName;    }    public String getEmail() {        return email;    }    public void setEmail(String email) {        this.email = email;    }    public Date getBirth() {        return birth;    }    public void setBirth(Date birth) {        this.birth = birth;    }    public Date getCreateTime() {        return createTime;    }    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {        this.createTime = createTime;    }    public Department getDepartment() {        return department;    }    public void setDepartment(Department department) {        this.department = department;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="                + email + ", birth=" + birth + ", createTime=" + createTime                + ", department=" + department + "]";    }}

配置Department.hbm.xml和Employee.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><!-- Generated 2014-7-22 11:21:48 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 --><hibernate-mapping>    <class name="com.zhou.entities.Department" table="SSH_DEPARTMENT">        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">            <column name="ID" />            <generator class="native" />        </id>        <property name="departmentName" type="java.lang.String">            <column name="DEPARTMENT_NAME" />        </property>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><!-- Generated 2014-7-22 11:21:48 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 --><hibernate-mapping>    <class name="com.zhou.entities.Employee" table="SSH_EMPLOYEE">        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">            <column name="ID" />            <generator class="native" />        </id>        <property name="lastName" type="java.lang.String">            <column name="LAST_NAME" />        </property>        <property name="email" type="java.lang.String">            <column name="EMAIL" />        </property>        <property name="birth" type="java.util.Date">            <column name="BIRTH" />        </property>        <property name="createTime" type="java.util.Date">            <column name="CREATE_TIME" />        </property>        <!-- 映射单向 n-1 的关联关系 -->        <many-to-one name="department" class="com.zhou.entities.Department">            <column name="DEPARTMENT_ID" />        </many-to-one>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

struts.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts>    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">    </package></struts>

applicationContext-beans.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"></beans>