搭建php+宝塔面板+vagrant+laravel+Mac+centos7.2+Composer开发环境

今天周末，在家闲着无事，琢磨良久，想着要做一个随时随地都可以用的开发环境，经过多方资料查询，整理出如下资料：

初始步骤：

1、下载virtualbox     Downloads – Oracle VM VirtualBox 

2、下载vagrant Download - Vagrant by HashiCorp

3、下载box 我下载的是centos7.2   可以根据自己的喜好去下载，推荐使用迅雷下载。A list of base boxes for Vagrant - Vagrantbox.es

4、建一个文件夹，用来专门存放此次工作需要的文件   我的目录是 ~/vagrant

5、这些都弄齐全后，安装好1，2步下载的，接下来都是命令行输入了。

安装步骤：

安装vagrantbox

1、打开mac终端：

输入：

vagrant -v

会输出：

Vagrant 2.0.1

如果报错，请重新安装第二步下载的文件，这里我是一步通过的

2、接下来进入我们建的相应文件夹中：

$ cd ~/vagrant$ vagrant box add centos72 ~/Downloads/vagrant-centos-7.2.box

正常输出如下：

==> box: Box file was not detected as metadata. Adding it directly...==> box: Adding box 'centos72' (v0) for provider:     box: Unpacking necessary files from: file:///Users/***/Downloads/vagrant-centos-7.2.box==> box: Successfully added box 'centos7' (v0) for 'virtualbox'!

3、之后输入：

$ vagrant init centos72

输出如下：

A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are nowready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please readthe comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

这时，文件夹‘～/vagrant’中应该存在‘Vagrantfile’文件

4、我们可以打开看看这个文件，并修改文件如下：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-# vi: set ft=ruby :# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what# you're doing.Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.  config.vm.box = "centos7"  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.  # config.vm.box_check_update = false  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"  # 这是端口映射模式      将主机的8080端口映射到虚拟机（也就是我们的box）的80端口  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine  # using a specific IP.   config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.199"  # 这是私有网络模式      将虚拟机做为你局域网中的一台机器看待   可以指定其ip   我用的是这种方式  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on  # your network.  # config.vm.network "public_network"  # 这是公有网络模式      虚拟机享受实体机器一样的待遇，一样的网络配置  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third  # argument is a set of non-required options.  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.  # Example for VirtualBox:  #  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine  #   vb.gui = true  #  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:  #   vb.memory = "1024"  # end  #  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more  # information on available options.  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL  #   apt-get update  #   apt-get install -y apache2  # SHELLend

上面有三处加粗的地方，建议详细看看，此处参考网址：Vagrant 三种网络配置详解 - CSDN博客

5、接下来只需要执行下面这行命令

$ vagrant up

输出如下：

Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...==> default: Importing base box 'centos72'...==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...==> default: Setting the name of the VM: vagrant_default_1510451276448_1323==> default: Fixed port collision for 22 => 2222. Now on port 2200.==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...    default: Adapter 1: nat==> default: Forwarding ports...    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)==> default: Booting VM...==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222    default: SSH username: vagrant    default: SSH auth method: private key    default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.    default:     default: Inserting generated public key within guest...    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...==> default: Machine booted and ready!==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...    default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of    default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can    default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see    default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the    default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on    default: your host and reload your VM.    default:     default: Guest Additions Version: 4.3.30    default: VirtualBox Version: 5.2==> default: Mounting shared folders...    default: /vagrant => /Users/***/vagrant

6、最后执行：

$ vagrant ssh

显示：

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ 

至此，主机上的操作全部完成，box环境已经搭好，如果是搭建php环境的，可以继续往下看，其他的环境，请自己斟酌。

安装宝塔面板

接下来我们先安装宝塔面板，详细教程 宝塔面板 - 简单好用的Linux/Windows服务器管理面板 此处不多说。

1、运行命令：

$ sudo su$ yum install -y wget && wget -O install.sh http://download.bt.cn/install/install.sh && sh install.sh

这里根据个人网速与机器，需等待数分钟乃至数小时

运行停止后，会显示登录账号与密码，一般账号为admin ，密码为随机字符串，需要记录，下面需要使用账号密码。

2、输入：

$ cat /www/server/panel/data/port.pl

查看面板端口，一般默认为：8888

3、接下来输入

$ service bt start 

Starting Bt-Panel... Bt-Panel (pid 1244) already runningStarting Bt-Tasks... Bt-Tasks (pid 1567) already running

好了，面板安装好了，

4、在主机中打开浏览器，输入：http://192.168.1.199:8888

可以看到

5、输入账号密码

6、点击登录，进入后可以看到环境选择，选择其中一个进行安装即可：

7、接下来就等他自动安装，安装完成后再继续下面的操作。

安装composer

依次执行命令：

$ php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"$ php composer-setup.php$ php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"$ sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer#将composer设置为全局命令$ composer selfupdate#更新composer

此处参考：Packagist / Composer 中国全量镜像

安装laravel框架

$ composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel My***

进入laravel框架根目录，更改缓存文件目录权限

$ chmod -R 777 storage/

环境搭建过程中如果出现问题，请参考各资料博客：

感谢下面帖子的作者：

php错误提示 open_basedir restriction in effect 解决 - CSDN博客

使用国内镜像composer安装laravel - CSDN博客

Windows下Composer&Laravel的安装及配置 - 简书

mac os 禁止apache httpd自动启动 - 初级程序员的资料 - ITeye博客   apache自启动端口占用问题解决办法

Vagrant打造Laravel开发环境（LNMP） - 简书

vagrant系列一：vagrant的安装与初识 - CSDN博客

nginx+php使用open_basedir限制站点目录防止跨站

如遇到端口占用的情况：请先查看mac os 禁止apache httpd自动启动 - 初级程序员的资料 - ITeye博客 教程仍然被占用时，再使用下面的命令

$ sudo lsof -i :80

mac查询80端口占用情况，显示之后使用 

$ kill -9 [pid]

将进程杀死 （注意⚠️：[pid] 需要更改为具体数字）

最后，分享下我自制的box

链接:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kV47g03  密码:0sd5

如果出现 open_basedir() 的错误，请参考：nginx+php使用open_basedir限制站点目录防止跨站