身份证识别——生成身份证号和汉字

还是直接代码吧（genIDCard.py），代码中有注释很容易读懂，原理跟验证码识别一样（tf20: CNN—识别字符验证码），都属于定长字符串识别，接下来也会介绍不定长数字串识别。

字体（fonts）：here。

#!/usr/bin/env python2# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""身份证文字+数字生成类@author: liupeng"""import numpy as npimport freetypeimport copyimport randomimport cv2class put_chinese_text(object):    def __init__(self, ttf):        self._face = freetype.Face(ttf)    def draw_text(self, image, pos, text, text_size, text_color):        '''        draw chinese(or not) text with ttf        :param image:     image(numpy.ndarray) to draw text        :param pos:       where to draw text        :param text:      the context, for chinese should be unicode type        :param text_size: text size        :param text_color:text color        :return:          image        '''        self._face.set_char_size(text_size * 64)        metrics = self._face.size        ascender = metrics.ascender/64.0        #descender = metrics.descender/64.0        #height = metrics.height/64.0        #linegap = height - ascender + descender        ypos = int(ascender)        if not isinstance(text, unicode):            text = text.decode('utf-8')        img = self.draw_string(image, pos[0], pos[1]+ypos, text, text_color)        return img    def draw_string(self, img, x_pos, y_pos, text, color):        '''        draw string        :param x_pos: text x-postion on img        :param y_pos: text y-postion on img        :param text:  text (unicode)        :param color: text color        :return:      image        '''        prev_char = 0        pen = freetype.Vector()        pen.x = x_pos << 6   # div 64        pen.y = y_pos << 6        hscale = 1.0        matrix = freetype.Matrix(int(hscale)*0x10000L, int(0.2*0x10000L),\                                 int(0.0*0x10000L), int(1.1*0x10000L))        cur_pen = freetype.Vector()        pen_translate = freetype.Vector()        image = copy.deepcopy(img)        for cur_char in text:            self._face.set_transform(matrix, pen_translate)            self._face.load_char(cur_char)            kerning = self._face.get_kerning(prev_char, cur_char)            pen.x += kerning.x            slot = self._face.glyph            bitmap = slot.bitmap            cur_pen.x = pen.x            cur_pen.y = pen.y - slot.bitmap_top * 64            self.draw_ft_bitmap(image, bitmap, cur_pen, color)            pen.x += slot.advance.x            prev_char = cur_char        return image    def draw_ft_bitmap(self, img, bitmap, pen, color):        '''        draw each char        :param bitmap: bitmap        :param pen:    pen        :param color:  pen color e.g.(0,0,255) - red        :return:       image        '''        x_pos = pen.x >> 6        y_pos = pen.y >> 6        cols = bitmap.width        rows = bitmap.rows        glyph_pixels = bitmap.buffer        for row in range(rows):            for col in range(cols):                if glyph_pixels[row*cols + col] != 0:                    img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][0] = color[0]                    img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][1] = color[1]                    img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][2] = color[2]class gen_id_card(object):    def __init__(self):       #self.words = open('AllWords.txt', 'r').read().split(' ')       self.number = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9']       self.char_set = self.number       #self.char_set = self.words + self.number       self.len = len(self.char_set)              self.max_size = 18       self.ft = put_chinese_text('fonts/OCR-B.ttf')           #随机生成字串，长度固定    #返回text,及对应的向量18*10    def random_text(self):        text = ''        vecs = np.zeros((self.max_size * self.len))        #size = random.randint(1, self.max_size)        size = self.max_size        for i in range(size):            c = random.choice(self.char_set)            vec = self.char2vec(c)            text = text + c            vecs[i*self.len:(i+1)*self.len] = np.copy(vec)        return text,vecs        #根据生成的text，生成image,返回标签和图片元素数据    def gen_image(self):        text,vec = self.random_text()        img = np.zeros([32,256,3])        color_ = (255,255,255) # Write        pos = (0, 0)        text_size = 21        image = self.ft.draw_text(img, pos, text, text_size, color_)        #仅返回单通道值，颜色对于汉字识别没有什么意义        return image[:,:,2],text,vec    #单字转向量    def char2vec(self, c):        vec = np.zeros((self.len))        for j in range(self.len):            if self.char_set[j] == c:                vec[j] = 1        return vec            #向量转文本    def vec2text(self, vecs):        text = ''        v_len = len(vecs)        for i in range(v_len):            if(vecs[i] == 1):                text = text + self.char_set[i % self.len]        return textif __name__ == '__main__':        # 生成数字串    genObj = gen_id_card()    image_data,label,vec = genObj.gen_image()    cv2.imshow('image', image_data)    cv2.waitKey(0)        # 生成汉字串    line = '湖南省邵阳县'    img = np.zeros([300,300,3])    color_ = (255,255,255) # Green    pos = (3, 3)    text_size = 20    #ft = put_chinese_text('fonts/msyhbd.ttf')    ft = put_chinese_text('fonts/huawenxihei.ttf')    no = put_chinese_text('fonts/OCR-B.ttf')    image = ft.draw_text(img, pos, line, text_size, color_)    image1 = no.draw_text(image, (50,50), '1232142153253215', 20, (255,255,255))    cv2.imshow('ss', image)    cv2.imshow('image1', image1)    cv2.waitKey(0)