UIAutomator2.0详解（UIDevice篇----UIWatcher）

UIWatcher，是UIAutomator的接口类，用于处理测试中出现的“意外打断”情况（若不对意外情况进行处理，将导致CASE Failed，影响测试结果）。例如电话打入，闹钟之类的界面插入。

该类只有一个函数需要实现。

public boolean checkForCondition();

该方法的返回值为布尔类型。若为true，则表示该Watcher符合条件，被触发。否则，表示不符合条件，未被触发。当然，返回结果由coder自己说了算。

那什么时候，触发UIWatcher呢？官方文档给出了说明。

仅在未找到以UISelector为查询条件的UI控件时，才由系统框架触发，按照UIWatcher的注册顺序，逐一执行。并根据checkForCondition方法的返回值，认定该UIWatcher是否被触发（是否符合触发条件）。

UIDevice共提供了6个相关方法，分别是

public void registerWatcher(String name, UiWatcher watcher)//用于注册public boolean hasAnyWatcherTriggered() //判断是否有任何一个UIWatcher被触发public boolean hasWatcherTriggered(String watcherName)//判断某个UIWatcher是否被触发public void resetWatcherTriggers()//重置所有UIWatcher的Trigger标记public void removeWatcher(String name) //移除UIWatcherpublic void runWatchers()//手动运行所有UIWatcher

我们还是使用示例来演示方法的使用。

测试过程

1.创建三个UIWatcher
2.启动APP1（test），并连续点击check1
3.启动APP2（salaryshow），以打断连续的点击

LogAndFalseUIWatcher 类

public class LogAndFalseUIWatcher implements UiWatcher {    private final String TAG=getClass().getName();    @Override    public boolean checkForCondition() {        Log.i(TAG, "only return false");        return false;    }}

LogAndTrueUIWatcher 类

public class LogAndTrueUIWatcher implements UiWatcher {    private final String TAG=getClass().getName();    @Override    public boolean checkForCondition() {        Log.i(TAG, "only return true");        return true;    }}

PressBackUIWatcher 类

public class PressBackUIWatcher implements UiWatcher {    private final String TAG=getClass().getName();    private UiDevice mUIDevice;    public PressBackUIWatcher(UiDevice mUIDevice) {        this.mUIDevice = mUIDevice;    }    @Override    public boolean checkForCondition() {        Log.i(TAG, "press back");        mUIDevice.pressBack();        return false;    }}

核心测试代码

public class UIWatcherTest extends UIDeviceTest {    private String mPackageName="com.breakloop.test";    private String mSalaryPackageName="com.breakloop.salaryshow";    private String mActivityName=".MainActivity";    private String text_check="check";    private long timeout=1000l;    @Before    public void start(){        Utils.startAPP(mDevice,mPackageName,mActivityName);        waitForAMoment();    }    private void waitForAMoment(){        mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(mPackageName,timeout);    }    @After    public void end(){        Utils.closeAPP(mDevice,mPackageName);        waitForAMoment();    }    @Test    public void test1(){        boolean result=true;        UiObject ui=mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().textStartsWith(text_check));        //注册UIWatcher        mDevice.registerWatcher("LogTrue",new LogAndTrueUIWatcher());        mDevice.registerWatcher("LogFalse",new LogAndFalseUIWatcher());        mDevice.registerWatcher("PressBack", new PressBackUIWatcher(mDevice));        Assert.assertFalse(mDevice.hasAnyWatcherTriggered());        //创建线程，在2秒后，启动其他APP，以打断现有操作        new Thread() {            @Override            public void run() {                Log.i(TAG, "run: start Salary APP");                try {                    sleep(timeout*2);                } catch (InterruptedException e) {                    Log.i(TAG, "Sleep failed");                    e.printStackTrace();                }                Utils.startAPP(mDevice,mSalaryPackageName,mActivityName);            }        }.start();        //连续点击checkbox，之后将被打断        for(int loop=0;loop<10;loop++){            try {                Log.i(TAG, "Click Check "+loop);                ui.click();                waitForAMoment();            } catch (UiObjectNotFoundException e) {                e.printStackTrace();                result=false;            }        }        //查看UIWatcher触发情况，即各UIWatcher的checkForCondition方法返回值        Assert.assertTrue("LogTrue was Triggered", mDevice.hasWatcherTriggered("LogTrue"));        Assert.assertFalse("LogFalse was not Triggered",mDevice.hasWatcherTriggered("LogFalse"));        Assert.assertFalse("PressBack was not Triggered",mDevice.hasWatcherTriggered("PressBack"));        //重置各UIWatcher的触发标志位        mDevice.resetWatcherTriggers();        //再次查看UIWatcher触发情况        Assert.assertFalse("LogTrue was not Triggered",mDevice.hasWatcherTriggered("LogTrue"));        Assert.assertFalse("LogFalse was not Triggered",mDevice.hasWatcherTriggered("LogFalse"));        Assert.assertFalse("PressBack was not Triggered",mDevice.hasWatcherTriggered("PressBack"));        //移除LogTrue，然后运行剩余UIWatcher        mDevice.removeWatcher("LogTrue");        mDevice.runWatchers();        //移除LogFalse，然后运行剩余UIWatcher        mDevice.removeWatcher("LogFalse");        mDevice.runWatchers();        //移除PressBack，然后运行剩余UIWatcher        mDevice.removeWatcher("PressBack");        mDevice.runWatchers();        //查看打断后的CASE是否能够PASS        assertTrue(result);    }}

执行效果如下

执行结果如下

11-29 19:31:25.404 I/TestRunner: started: test1(com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest)11-29 19:31:28.283 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 011-29 19:31:28.284 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: run: start Salary APP11-29 19:31:30.287 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 111-29 19:31:32.312 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 211-29 19:31:32.327 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.uiwatcher.LogAndTrueUIWatcher: only return true11-29 19:31:32.327 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.uiwatcher.LogAndFalseUIWatcher: only return false11-29 19:31:32.328 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.uiwatcher.PressBackUIWatcher: press back11-29 19:31:36.302 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 311-29 19:31:38.305 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 411-29 19:31:40.316 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 511-29 19:31:42.325 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 611-29 19:31:44.333 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 711-29 19:31:46.337 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 811-29 19:31:48.351 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest: Click Check 911-29 19:31:50.362 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.uiwatcher.LogAndFalseUIWatcher: only return false11-29 19:31:50.362 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.uiwatcher.PressBackUIWatcher: press back11-29 19:31:50.436 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.uiwatcher.PressBackUIWatcher: press back11-29 19:31:56.078 I/TestRunner: finished: test1(com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.UIWatcherTest)

参考博文
https://testerhome.com/topics/465
http://blog.csdn.net/itfootball/article/details/42464875
http://blog.chengyunfeng.com/?p=505