How to Relocate and Rename SYSTEM datafiles (Doc ID 191540.1)

官方文档：

goal: How to Relocate and Rename SYSTEM datafiles
fact: Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition
fix:Use the SQL statement ALTER DATABASE with the RENAME DATAFILE optionRenaming and Relocating Datafiles for Multiple Tablespaces============================================================To rename datafiles of several tablespaces in one operation or to rename datafiles of the SYSTEM tablespace, you must have the ALTER DATABASE system privilege. 1.Ensure that the database is mounted but closed. 2.Copy the datafiles to be renamed to their new locations and new names, using operating system commands. 3.Make sure the new copies of the datafiles have different fully specified filenames from the datafiles currently in use. 4.Use the SQL statement ALTER DATABASE to rename the file pointers in the database's control file. 5.Open the database. For example, the following statement renames the datafiles FILENAME 1 and FILENAME2 to FILENAME3 and FILENAME4, respectively: ALTER DATABASERENAME FILE 'filename1', 'filename2'TO 'filename3', 'filename4';The new file must already exist; this command does not create a file. Also, always provide complete filenames (including their paths) to properly identify the old and new datafiles. In particular, specify the old filename exactly as it appears in the DBA_DATA_FILES view of the data dictionary. NOTE ===== BEFORE making any structural changes to a database, such as renaming and relocating the datafiles of one or more tablespaces, always completely back up the database.AFTER making any structural changes to a database, always perform an immediate and complete backup.

示例：

SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files;TABLESPACE_NAME------------------------------FILE_NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------USERS/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbfUNDOTBS1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbfSYSAUX/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbfTABLESPACE_NAME------------------------------FILE_NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbfTBS_DATA/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_data01.dbfUNDOTBS1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs02.dbf6 rows selected.SQL> shutdown immediate;Database closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down.SQL> startup mount;ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area  776646656 bytesFixed Size                  2257272 bytesVariable Size             507514504 bytesDatabase Buffers          264241152 bytesRedo Buffers                2633728 bytesDatabase mounted.[oracle@orcl orcl]$ cp system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/system01.dbfSQL>alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' to '/u01/app/oracle/system01.dbf';Database altered.SQL> alter database open;Database altered.SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='SYSTEM';TABLESPACE_NAME------------------------------FILE_NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM/u01/app/oracle/system01.dbf