【Linux】CentOS7安装Python3

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一、完善Linux环境，安装需要的工具

CentOS7默认已经安装了Python2.7，所以如果还需要安装Python3的话需要安装需要的工具以及相关包（这里统一采用Yum命令安装），当然以及安装过的可以跳过

gcc

yum install gcc

zlib-devel

yum install zlib-devel

openssl-devel

yum install openssl-devel

bzip2-devel

yum install bzip2-devel

ncurses-devel

yum install ncurses-devel

sqlite-devel

yum install sqlite-devel

readline-devel

yum install readline-devel

tk-devel

yum install tk-devel

二、下载安装Python3

1.下载Python3安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tgz

2.解压安装包

tar -xzvf Python-3.6.2.tgz

3.配置安装

cd Python-3.6.2

 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared --with-ssl

4.安装

make && make install

5.清除编译的可执行文件和配置文件以及所有生成的文件

make clean

make distclean

三、系统配置

1.新建python3软连接

cd /usr/bin

[root@localhost bin]# ls -ltr python*-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Nov 19  2015 python2.7lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Sep  4 11:25 python2 -> python2.7lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    7 Sep  4 11:25 python -> python2[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3[root@localhost bin]# ls -ltr python*-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Nov 19  2015 python2.7lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Sep  4 11:25 python2 -> python2.7lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    7 Sep  4 11:25 python -> python2lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root   32 Sep  5 11:24 python3 -> /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6

然后就可以直接输入python3来启动python3了

四、错误解决

1、启动python3时的错误

[root@localhost bin]# python3python3: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.6m.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决办法：

[root@localhost bin]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# dirdyninst-x86_64.conf  kernel-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64.confmariadb-x86_64.conf[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# vim python3.conf

#在python3.conf文件里面输入 /usr/local/python3/lib 然后保存并退出

[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# python3Python 3.6.2 (default, Sep  5 2017, 10:47:56)[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>>

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