SpringMVC基础（一）

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1.SpringMVC概述

（1）SpringMVC通过一套MVC注解，让POJO成为处理请求的控制器无需实现任何借口

（2）支持REST风格的URI请求,

（3）采用松散耦合可拔插主键结构，比其他MVC结构更加灵活可扩展。

2.基本步骤

（1）导入jar包

（2）在web.xml里面配置DispatcherServlet

（3）加入SpringMVC的配置文件

（4）编写处理请求的处理器，并表标识为处理器

（5）编写视图

【1】jar包：除了基本的6个spring需要的包（日志，aop，bean，context，核心core，expression）以外还需导入

Spring-web-release.jar,spring-webmvc-release.jar(这里没有指定版本，但版本最好一致)。

纯java的方式配置代替web.xml的SpringMVC的配置文件

@Configuration//加入配置@ComponentScan("com.andy") //扫描注解@EnableTransactionManagement// 配置事务管理@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")@EnableWebMvc// extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter  开启常用的支持：包括静态资源public class AppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {@Bean// 负责将控制器方法返回的字符串映射到某个JSPpublic ViewResolver viewResolver() {InternalResourceViewResolver resource = new InternalResourceViewResolver();resource.setViewClass(JstlView.class);// 支持标准jsp和taglibSystem.out.println("ds");// 设置头和尾/WEB-INF/jsp/customer.jspresource.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/jsp/");resource.setSuffix(".jsp");return resource;}@Overridepublic void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {// /assets/css/app.css -> /WebContent/public/css/app.css// /assets/js/app.js -> /WebContent/public/js/app.js// /WebContent/public/registry.addResourceHandler("/assets/**").addResourceLocations("/public/");//将/public替换为/"/assets/**" 用于匹配资源}@Bean// 配置事务管理public PlatformTransactionManager transactionalManager(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {HibernateTransactionManager transactionalManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();transactionalManager.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);return transactionalManager;}@Bean// 配置SessionFactorypublic LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) {LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();sessionFactory.setDataSource(dataSource);  //加载数据源sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan("com.andy.entity");//注册实体return sessionFactory;}@Bean// 配置数据源、public DataSource dataSource(Environment env) {DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();driverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));driverManagerDataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url"));driverManagerDataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("jdbc.username"));driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.password"));return driverManagerDataSource;}}

1.这里配置一个基础的处理请求示例：(xml 方式实现)

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/restservice")public class RestService {        public final static String SUCCEEDD="show";            /**     * get请求     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestGet/12     * @param id       *         查询的参数     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestGet/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)    public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){        System.out.println("rest 风格的GET请求..........id=" +id);        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     * post新增      * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPost     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPost",method=RequestMethod.POST)    public String testRestPost(){        System.out.println("rest 风格的POST请求.......... ");        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     * PUT 修改操作     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPut/put123     * @param name     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPut/{name}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)    public String testRestPut(@PathVariable("name") String name){        System.out.println("rest 风格的PUT请求..........name="+name);        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     *   DELETE删除操作     *   url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestDelete/11     * @param id     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestDelete/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)    public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){        System.out.println("rest 风格的DELETE请求..........id="+id);        return SUCCEEDD;    }            }
 
4  编写接口的响应页面 -对应着接口的return
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body>   <h2>show  this is succeedd ？  yes  </h2></body></html>
 
5   发布和配置rest接口  dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：
xml方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.bean.demo"></context:component-scan>    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean></beans>
纯java方式实现视图转发、事务管理、数据源连接、SessionFactory的配置
@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/restservice")public class RestService {        public final static String SUCCEEDD="show";            /**     * get请求     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestGet/12     * @param id       *         查询的参数     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestGet/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)    public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){        System.out.println("rest 风格的GET请求..........id=" +id);        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     * post新增      * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPost     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPost",method=RequestMethod.POST)    public String testRestPost(){        System.out.println("rest 风格的POST请求.......... ");        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     * PUT 修改操作     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPut/put123     * @param name     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPut/{name}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)    public String testRestPut(@PathVariable("name") String name){        System.out.println("rest 风格的PUT请求..........name="+name);        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     *   DELETE删除操作     *   url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestDelete/11     * @param id     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestDelete/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)    public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){        System.out.println("rest 风格的DELETE请求..........id="+id);        return SUCCEEDD;    }            }
 
4  编写接口的响应页面 -对应着接口的return
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body>   <h2>show  this is succeedd ？  yes  </h2></body></html>
 
5   发布和配置rest接口  dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.bean.demo"></context:component-scan>    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean>
</bean>

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/restservice")public class RestService {        public final static String SUCCEEDD="show";            /**     * get请求     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestGet/12     * @param id       *         查询的参数     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestGet/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)    public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){        System.out.println("rest 风格的GET请求..........id=" +id);        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     * post新增      * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPost     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPost",method=RequestMethod.POST)    public String testRestPost(){        System.out.println("rest 风格的POST请求.......... ");        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     * PUT 修改操作     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPut/put123     * @param name     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPut/{name}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)    public String testRestPut(@PathVariable("name") String name){        System.out.println("rest 风格的PUT请求..........name="+name);        return SUCCEEDD;    }    /**     *   DELETE删除操作     *   url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestDelete/11     * @param id     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestDelete/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)    public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){        System.out.println("rest 风格的DELETE请求..........id="+id);        return SUCCEEDD;    }            }

4 编写接口的响应页面 -对应着接口的return

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body>   <h2>show  this is succeedd ？  yes  </h2></body></html>

5 发布和配置rest接口 dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.bean.demo"></context:component-scan>    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean></beans>

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