Jquery给HTML元素绑定按键事件-回车事件

http://blog.csdn.net/lllliulin/article/details/50445331

在做网页的时候，有时是需要js来判断用户的按键来进行操作对应的功能。 
本实例已加载jquery.js

1、全局判断按键（按回车）

$(document).keypress(function(e) {       var eCode = e.keyCode ? e.keyCode : e.which ? e.which : e.charCode;        if (eCode == 13){            alert('您按了回车键')            //自己写判断操作        }});
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2、给某个元素（按回车）

$("input[name=keyword]").keypress(function(e){        var eCode = e.keyCode ? e.keyCode : e.which ? e.which : e.charCode;        if (eCode == 13){            alert('您按了回车键')            //自己写判断函数        }})
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这里的13对应的键就是回车键。

以下是组合按键的应用：

if(e.altKey && e.keyCode==13){    alert('您同时按了Alt键和Enter键')        //ctrl键是e.ctrlKey        //shift键是e.shiftKey    }});
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以下是单个按键对应的数字,建议使用keyup,keypress在某些浏览器不生效：

keycode   8 = BackSpace BackSpacekeycode   9 = Tab Tabkeycode 12 = Clearkeycode 13 = Enterkeycode 16 = Shift_Lkeycode 17 = Control_Lkeycode 18 = Alt_Lkeycode 19 = Pausekeycode 20 = Caps_Lockkeycode 27 = Escape Escapekeycode 32 = space spacekeycode 33 = Priorkeycode 34 = Nextkeycode 35 = Endkeycode 36 = Homekeycode 37 = Leftkeycode 38 = Upkeycode 39 = Rightkeycode 40 = Downkeycode 41 = Selectkeycode 42 = Printkeycode 43 = Executekeycode 45 = Insertkeycode 46 = Deletekeycode 47 = Helpkeycode 48 = 0 equal bracerightkeycode 49 = 1 exclam on esuperiorkeycode 50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperiorkeycode 51 = 3 section threesuperiorkeycode 52 = 4 dollarkeycode 53 = 5 percentkeycode 54 = 6 ampersandkeycode 55 = 7 slash braceleftkeycode 56 = 8 parenleft bracketleftkeycode 57 = 9 parenright bracketrightkeycode 65 = a Akeycode 66 = b Bkeycode 67 = c Ckeycode 68 = d Dkeycode 69 = e E EuroSignkeycode 70 = f Fkeycode 71 = g Gkeycode 72 = h Hkeycode 73 = i Ikeycode 74 = j Jkeycode 75 = k Kkeycode 76 = l Lkeycode 77 = m M mukeycode 78 = n Nkeycode 79 = o Okeycode 80 = p Pkeycode 81 = q Q atkeycode 82 = r Rkeycode 83 = s Skeycode 84 = t Tkeycode 85 = u Ukeycode 86 = v Vkeycode 87 = w Wkeycode 88 = x Xkeycode 89 = y Ykeycode 90 = z Zkeycode 96 = KP_0 KP_0keycode 97 = KP_1 KP_1keycode 98 = KP_2 KP_2keycode 99 = KP_3 KP_3keycode 100 = KP_4 KP_4keycode 101 = KP_5 KP_5keycode 102 = KP_6 KP_6keycode 103 = KP_7 KP_7keycode 104 = KP_8 KP_8keycode 105 = KP_9 KP_9keycode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiplykeycode 107 = KP_Add KP_Addkeycode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separatorkeycode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtractkeycode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimalkeycode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Dividekeycode 112 = F1keycode 113 = F2keycode 114 = F3keycode 115 = F4keycode 116 = F5keycode 117 = F6keycode 118 = F7keycode 119 = F8keycode 120 = F9keycode 121 = F10keycode 122 = F11keycode 123 = F12keycode 124 = F13keycode 125 = F14keycode 126 = F15keycode 127 = F16keycode 128 = F17keycode 129 = F18keycode 130 = F19keycode 131 = F20keycode 132 = F21keycode 133 = F22keycode 134 = F23keycode 135 = F24keycode 136 = Num_Lockkeycode 137 = Scroll_Lockkeycode 187 = acute gravekeycode 188 = comma semicolonkeycode 189 = minus underscorekeycode 190 = period colonkeycode 192 = numbersign apostrophekeycode 210 = plusminus hyphen macronkeycode 212 = copyright registeredkeycode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotrightkeycode 214 = masculine ordfemininekeycode 215 = ae AEkeycode 216 = cent yenkeycode 217 = questiondown exclamdownkeycode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarterskeycode 220 = less greater barkeycode 221 = plus asterisk asciitildekeycode 227 = multiply divisionkeycode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflexkeycode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflexkeycode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflexkeycode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflexkeycode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflexkeycode 233 = ntilde Ntildekeycode 234 = yacute Yacutekeycode 235 = oslash Oobliquekeycode 236 = aring Aringkeycode 237 = ccedilla Ccedillakeycode 238 = thorn THORNkeycode 239 = eth ETHkeycode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currencykeycode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atildekeycode 242 = egrave Egravekeycode 243 = igrave Igravekeycode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otildekeycode 245 = ugrave Ugravekeycode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresiskeycode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresiskeycode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresiskeycode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresiskeycode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresiskeycode 251 = ssharp question backslashkeycode 252 = asciicircum degreekeycode 253 = 3 sterlingkeycode 254 = Mode_switch
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Javascript中 有3个事件句柄在对应键盘的输入状态：keydown、keypress和keyup。 
分别对应的意思是：按键被按下（按下按键但还没有抬起）、点击按键（按下并抬起按键）、按键抬起（按键抬起之后）

按键的分类:

按键可以分为“实键”和“虚键” 
实键可以理解为我们能够看到并打印出来的按键，如字母“A”、数字“1”、字符“?”等等 
虚键就是那些无法打印出来起到控制作用的按键，如“Ctrl”、“Alt”、“Shift”、“方向键”等等 
IE在处理虚键时有个特例：虚键不会产生keypress事件，必须使用keydown或keyup来捕获

按键码和字符码

按键码是计算机用来识别不同按键的编码，每一个按键都有按键码 
字符码是可被打印的实键特有的，对应了键盘上显示的字符 
按键码可以使用String.fromCharCode()转换为字符码 
按键码和和字符码的对应表可以在本文最后找到。

获取实键

$('body').bind('keypress',getKeyCode);   function getKeyCode(e) {      var evt = e || window.event;      var keyCode = evt.keyCode || evt.which || evt.charCode;      alert(keyCode);  }  
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稍微解释下 
1. e为Firefox等标准浏览器支持的JS隐藏变量，表示一个“事件”；IE系列中没有“e”，而是用window.event来表示“事件”；所以var e = e || window.event;就表示：获取当前正在发生的事件。 
2. e.keyCode、e.which、e.charCode都代表获取按键码，但不同的浏览器支持不同的写法

获取虚键

function getKeyCode(e) {      var evt = e || window.event;      if (evt.ctrlKey) alert("ctrlKey pressed");      if (evt.altKey) alert("altKey pressed");      if (evt.shiftKey) alert("shiftKey pressed");  }  
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字母和数字键的键码值(keyCode)