python数据类型

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一、字符串(str)

1、使用单引号(')
用单引号括起来表示字符串，例如：

str='this is string';print str;

2、使用双引号(")
双引号中的字符串与单引号中的字符串用法完全相同，例如：

str="this is string";print str;

3、使用三引号(''')

利用三引号，表示多行的字符串，可以在三引号中自由的使用单引号和双引号，例如：

str='''this is stringthis is pythod stringthis is string'''print str;

二、布尔类型（bool）

bool=False;print bool;bool=True;print bool;

三、整数（int）

int=20;print int;

四、浮点数(float)

float=2.3;print float;

五、列表(list)

list=['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];nums=[1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 13, 20];

六、元组(tuple)

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000);tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d";

七、字典（dict）

dict = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'};

八、日期

import time, datetime;localtime = time.localtime(time.time())print(localtime)#time.struct_time(tm_year=2017, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=10, tm_min=12, tm_sec=48, tm_wday=1(0是周一), tm_yday=346, tm_isdst=0)

1、获取格式化的时间

(1)、日期转换为字符串

print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')); # 2017-12-12 10:17:22

(2)、字符串转换为日期

import time,datetimeexpire_time = "2013-05-21 09:50:35"d = datetime.datetime.strptime(expire_time,"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")print(d);

(3)、获取日期差

import time,datetimeoneday = datetime.timedelta(days=1)today = datetime.date.today() # 今天yesterday = datetime.date.today() - oneday # 昨天 tomorrow = datetime.date.today() + oneday # 明天today_zero_time = datetime.datetime.strftime(today, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')print(today_zero_time) # 获取今天零点的时间print (datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=1)), #1毫秒 0:00:00.001000print (datetime.timedelta(seconds=1)), #1秒 0:00:01print (datetime.timedelta(minutes=1)), #1分钟 0:01:00print (datetime.timedelta(hours=1)), #1小时 1:00:00print (datetime.timedelta(days=1)), #1天 1 day, 0:00:00print (datetime.timedelta(weeks=1)) # 1周 7 days, 0:00:00

九、判断变量是否是某个类型

a = "abc"print(isinstance(a,str)) # Truea = Trueprint(isinstance(a,bool)) # Truea = 20print(isinstance(a,int)) # Truea= 2.43print(isinstance(a,float)) # Truea = ["123","abc","java"]print(isinstance(a,list)) # Truetup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000)print(isinstance(tup1,tuple)) # Truedict1 = {"name":"dyy","age":"23"}print(isinstance(dict1,dict)) # Trueb = 2.122print(isinstance(b,(int,float,str))) # Trueprint(isinstance(b,(list,dict,bool))) # False

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