1.6 配置ip地址

1.6 配置ip地址

1、配置ip地址

ip addr---显示网络环境信息

ifconfig---显示网卡信息

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/+ifcfg-eth0----查看网卡配置信息并可以进行修改

[root@localhost ~]# ip add

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:50:56:31:83:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.80.129/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736

       valid_lft 1279sec preferred_lft 1279sec

    inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe31:83c9/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

查看网卡的配置路径

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

ifcfg-eno16777736  ifdown-ipv6    ifdown-Team      ifup-ib     ifup-post      ifup-wireless

ifcfg-lo           ifdown-isdn    ifdown-TeamPort  ifup-ippp   ifup-ppp       init.ipv6-global

ifdown             ifdown-ovs     ifdown-tunnel    ifup-ipv6   ifup-routes    network-functions

ifdown-bnep        ifdown-post    ifup             ifup-isdn   ifup-sit       network-functions-ipv6

ifdown-eth         ifdown-ppp     ifup-aliases     ifup-ovs    ifup-Team

ifdown-ib          ifdown-routes  ifup-bnep        ifup-plip   ifup-TeamPort

ifdown-ippp        ifdown-sit     ifup-eth         ifup-plusb  ifup-tunnel

编辑网卡的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736

网卡配置信息：

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=dhcp---dhcp获取，可以改为静态ip地址-static

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

iPEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=ifcfg-eth0

UUID=29110982-271d-4a09-956a-ef94bb00135f

DEVICE=eno16777736

ONBOOT=yes---重启设备保持网卡启动

更改网卡配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736     

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=static

NAME=ifcfg-eth0

UUID=29110982-271d-4a09-956a-ef94bb00135f

DEVICE=eno16777736

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=192.168.80.129

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.80.1

DNS=192.168.80.1

[root@localhost ~]#

重启网卡的配置文件，使其生效

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network.service

备注：

实际生产环境中，上述命令是对所有网卡服务进行重启，这是不允许的；应该重启某个网卡

ifdown eth0

ifup eth0

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:50:56:31:83:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.80.129/24brd 192.168.80.255 scope global eno16777736

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

1.7 网络问题排查

ifdown+eth0---使能网卡关闭

ifup+eth0---使能激活网卡

[root@localhost ~]# dhclient -r

[root@localhost ~]# dhclient

dhclient---自动获取IP地址

如果不能ping通外网，需要排查的点有，

（1）网卡的ip、mask、gw配置信息是否正确

（2）网络的dns解析配置是否正常，dns地址是否正确

（3）在实际生产环境中，在ifcfg-eth0里面一般配置ip gw mask 不配置dns

dns一般在etc目录下的resolv.conf里面进行配置