leetcode 525. Contiguous Array 统计1和0数量相等的最长子数组

Given a binary array, find the maximum length of a contiguous subarray with equal number of 0 and 1.

Example 1:
Input: [0,1]
Output: 2
Explanation: [0, 1] is the longest contiguous subarray with equal number of 0 and 1.
Example 2:
Input: [0,1,0]
Output: 2
Explanation: [0, 1] (or [1, 0]) is a longest contiguous subarray with equal number of 0 and 1.
Note: The length of the given binary array will not exceed 50,000.

这道题给了我们一个二进制的数组，让我们找邻近的子数组使其0和1的个数相等。对于求子数组的问题，我们需要时刻记着求累积和是一种很犀利的工具，但是这里怎么将子数组的和跟0和1的个数之间产生联系呢？我们需要用到一个trick，遇到1就加1，遇到0，就减1，这样如果某个子数组和为0，就说明0和1的个数相等，这个想法真是太叼了，不过博主木有想出来。知道了这一点，我们用一个哈希表建立子数组之和跟结尾位置的坐标之间的映射。如果某个子数组之和在哈希表里存在了，说明当前子数组减去哈希表中存的那个子数字，得到的结果是中间一段子数组之和，必然为0，说明0和1的个数相等，我们更新结果res，

map的初始化要注意

代码如下：

#include <iostream>#include <vector>#include <map>#include <set>#include <queue>#include <stack>#include <string>#include <climits>#include <algorithm>#include <sstream>#include <functional>#include <bitset>#include <numeric>#include <cmath>using namespace std;class Solution {public:    int findMaxLength(vector<int>& nums)     {        int res = 0, n = nums.size(), sum = 0;        map<int, int> mmp{ { 0, -1 } };        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)         {            sum += (nums[i] == 1) ? 1 : -1;            if (mmp.find(sum)!=mmp.end())                res = max(res, i - mmp[sum]);            else                 mmp[sum] = i;        }        return res;    }};