在Ubuntu 16.04 上编译安装OpenCV3.2.0（Cmake + python3 + OpenCV3）

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1 安装CMAKE

sudo apt-get install cmake

2 安装python及其所依赖的软件包

sudo apt-get install build-essentialsudo apt-get install git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-devsudo apt-get install python3-dev python3-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

3 从opencv官网下载opencv源码

wget -c https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.2.0.zipunzip .2.0.zip

4 编译

在解压后的文件夹中新建build文件夹，用来存放编译文件

mkdir buildcd build# 在电脑上有多个版本的python时，可以通过-D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3)来确定使用哪个版本的pythoncmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3) -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_EIGEN=ON ..#没有问题后makesudo make install

5 安装Contrib模块

OpenCV3之后有些模块在称为opencv_contrib的资源库中，比如人脸识别模块等。

#下载opencv_contrib#在build同级目录下mkdir opencv_contribcd opencv_contribwget -c https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/3.2.0.zip#解压unzip 3.2.0.zip#重新运行cmakecd ../buildcmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3) -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../opencv_contrib/3.2.0/modules/ -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_EIGEN=ON ..#make & make installmake sudo make install

6 验证是否安装成功

在终端运行python3

import CV2 #如果没有出错，就说明安装成功了

7 打开摄像头例子

import cv2capture = cv2.VideoCapture(0)while True:    ret, img = capture.read()    if img is not None:        cv.imshow('camera', img)    if cv.waitKey(10) & 0xFF == ord(' '):        breakcapture.release()cv.destroyAllWindows()

参考：
[1] https://docs.opencv.org/3.1.0/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html
[2] https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37070304/how-to-build-opencv-for-python3-when-both-python2-and-python3-are-installed
[3] https://github.com/opencv/opencv
[4] https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib

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