Installing Oracle Database Software

This section briefly describes the steps for basic installation. Most steps are common to all platforms and involve running the Oracle Universal Installer. Platform-specific steps are noted. For further assistance, consult the online Help or the Oracle Database Installation Guide for your platform.
这节简单的介绍一下基本安装的步骤。在所有的平台中大部分的安装步骤都是一样的，只要运行Oracle Universal Installer就可以。需要注意与平台相关的安装步骤。更多帮助请看在线帮助或者Oracle Database Installation Guide中与你的平台相关的部分。

Note:

The following steps describe the Oracle Universal Installer workflow for a host computer that has no previous Oracle software installed. If your host computer already has Oracle software installed, you may see a different workflow.
下面的安装流程针对的是没预先安装过oracle软件的主机。如果你的主机已经安装了oracle软件，那么需要看不同的安装流程。

To perform a basic installation:
执行基本安装

1. Log on to your computer as a member of the administrative group that is authorized to install Oracle Database software and to create and run the database.
   管理员组拥有安装oracle数据库软件及创建和运行数据库的权限，你需要用管理员组中的用户登录您的主机。

   Refer to your operating system-specific documentation or contact your system administrator to determine whether or not you have the necessary privileges and permissions to install new software.
   查看一下你的操作系统的说明文档或者联系一下你的操作系统的系统管理员，看看你是否有足够的权限安装新的软件。

2. Do one of the following:
   下面的操作任做一个：

   • If you are installing from distribution media, then insert the distribution media for the database into your computer.
     如果你用光盘安装，那么把数据库光盘放入你的计算机。

     The Autorun feature opens the Select a Product to Install window automatically.
     自动安装会自动打开选择需要的产品安装窗口。

   • If you downloaded the installation software from the Oracle Web site, then follow the instructions on the site to run the Oracle Universal Installer. Or, see the Oracle Database Installation Guide for your platform.
     如果你是从oracle网站下载的安装包，那么网站上的指导运行Oracle Universal Installer，或者查看Oracle Database Installation Guide中与你操作系统有关的部分

3. If the Select a Product to Install window is displayed, select Oracle Database 11g, and then click Next.
   如果选择需要的产品安装窗口出现了，选择Oracle Database 11g，然后点击Next。

   The Select Installation Method Window appears.
   然后选择安装方法窗口会出现。

   Figure 2-1 Oracle Universal Installer Select Installation Method Window

   
   Description of "Figure 2-1 Oracle Universal Installer Select Installation Method Window"
   
   

4. Select Basic Installation and provide the configuration details for the database.
   选择Basic Installation并开始对数据库进行配置吧。

   In the Select Installation Method window you choose either Basic or Advanced Installation. Select the Basic Installation method to quickly install Oracle Database. This method requires minimal user input. It installs the software and optionally creates a general-purpose database based on the information you provide.
   在选择安装方法窗口里，你既可以选择基本安装也可以选择高级安装。选择基本安装方法可以很快的安装oracle数据库。此方法需要用户的输入最少。同样可以成功安装好软件，并且基于用户的输入可以创建一个多用途的数据库。

   When you choose Basic Installation you must also provide the following information:
   如果你选择了基本安装，你还需要提供以下信息：

   • Oracle Home and Oracle Base Location—You must specify a new Oracle home directory for each new installation of Oracle Database software.
     Oracle Home and Oracle Base Location—每次安装oracle数据库软件的时候都需要你指定一个oracle的home目录。

     By default, the Oracle home directory is a subdirectory of the Oracle base directory. See the Oracle Database Installation Guide for your platform for more information about ORACLE_BASE.
     在默认的情况下。oracle的home目录是oracle的base目录的一个子目录。关于ORACLE_BASE请查看Oracle Database Installation Guide中与你的平台有关的信息。

     If you did not set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable before starting OUI, the Oracle home directory is created in an app/username/directory on the first existing and writable directory from /u01 through /u09 for UNIX and Linux systems, or on the disk drive with the most available space for Windows systems. If /u01 through /u09 does not exist on the UNIX or Linux system, then the default location is user_home_directory/app/username.
     如果在启动OUI之前你没设置ORACLE_BASE环境变量，在UNIX和Linux系统中，oracle的home目录会创建在从/u01到/u09中第一个存在且可写的目录中，目录路径为app/username/。如果/u01到/u09都不存在，那么默认的安装路径为user_home_directory/app/username。在windows系统中会创建在剩余空间最大的分驱上。

     You can click Browse to find the directory where you want to install the Oracle Database software.
     你可以点击Browse 来指定安装oracle数据库软件的目录。

   • Installation Type—Select either Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, Standard Edition One, or Personal Edition (Microsoft Windows platforms only). See "Basic Installation".
     Installation Type—可以选 Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, Standard Edition One, 或者 Personal Edition(只对windows平台)。参见"Basic Installation"。

   • UNIX DBA Group (Linux and UNIX platforms only)—Specify the operating system DBA group. Host computer users in this group have administrative privileges on the database. This group is typically named dba. Refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for Linux or for your UNIX platform for more details.
     UNIX DBA Group (只对Linux和UNIX平台)—指定操作系统的DBA组。在这个组里的计算机用户拥有对数据库的管理员权限。这个组一般叫做dba。更多信息查看Oracle Database Installation Guide for Linux或从你的UNIX系统得到。

   • Create Starter Database—Select this option to create a preconfigured database during installation. Oracle recommends that you select this option for first-time installations. You must enter a Global Database Name and Database Password for the SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, and DBSNMP administrator accounts. The global database name is described in "Basic Installation".
     Create Starter Database—选择这个是在安装过程中要创建一个预配置数据库。oracle建议你在第一次安装的时候选择这个选项。你必须输入Global Database Name和为SYS，SYSTEM，SYSMAN和DBSNMP用户输入Database Password。关于全局数据库名参见"Basic Installation"。

   You can choose the Advanced Installation option if you want to customize your installation. For example, you use this method to configure Automatic Storage Management for your database, install the Sample Schemas, configure a specific character set for your database, or configure automated backups. Selecting this option guides you through a series of installation steps that are not documented in this guide. For more information about the advanced choices, see "Advanced Installation". Also see Oracle Database Installation Guide for your platform.
   如果你想定制安装过程，可以选择高级安装。例如，用高级安装为你的数据库配置ASM、安装样例模式、配置特殊字符集或者配置自动化备份。选择此选项又会有一系列的安装步骤。这些安装步骤在此文档中没记录。想知道这些高级安装步骤的更多信息，参见"Advanced Installation"和Oracle Database Installation Guide。

   After you select Basic Installation and enter the required information, click Next. The Preparing to Install progress bar appears.
   选择基本安装后，输入一些必要的信息，点击Next。安装进度条出现了。

5. For first time installations on Linux and UNIX operating systems only, specify a directory for installation files and the name of an operating system group that has write permissions for that directory.
   仅在linux和UNIX操作系统第一次安装oracle软件，要为安装的文件指定目录，并且系统组要有在此目录中的写权限。

   If this is the first time you are installing any Oracle software on this computer, then the Specify Inventory Directory window appears. You must specify a local for the inventory, which OUI uses to keep track of all Oracle software installed on the computer. This information is used while applying patches or upgrading an existing installation, and while deinstalling Oracle software. Note that this directory is different from the Oracle home directory, which you specify later. The recommended value for the inventory directory is Oracle_base/oraInventory, where Oracle_base is the location of your Oracle base directory.
   如果这是在你的计算机中第一次安装任何一款oracle软件，那么会出现指定Inventory目录的窗口。你要为Inventory指定一个本地目录。这个目录OUI用来保存oracle的安装轨迹。将来安装补丁、升级数据库和卸载数据库的时候会用到这些信息。注意这个目录与你稍候指定oracle的home目录不一样。建议把些目录建在Oracle_base/oraInventory。Oracle_base 就是oracle的base目录。

   In this window you can also specify the operating system group that has write permissions on the inventory directory. This prevents other users from writing over the Oracle product installation files.
   在这个窗口你还可以指定在inventory目录有写权限的操作系统组。这避免了把oracle的安装文件复盖了。

   After you enter a directory path and optionally specify an operating system group, click Next to continue.
   输入目录路径之后和指定了操作系统组之后，点击Next 。

   The Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks window appears.
   接下来是指定产品必要条件检查的窗口。

6. For Linux and UNIX operating systems only, after verifying that your system meets the minimum requirements for installing and configuring the chosen products, click Next.
   仅在Linux和UNIX系统上，在检验完安装和配置所需产品的最小系统需求后，点击Next。

   OUI performs a number of environment checks and indicates whether the check was a success, or resulted in a warning or failure. Details of the checks are provided in the displayed window. The installation can proceed only when all checks have a status of either Succeeded or Warning. If any of the environment checks failed, they must be resolved manually. See "Checking Prerequisites" for more information.
   OUI给出了一系列的环境检查，无论是检查成功还是有警告或者失败都会给出解释。查检的细节在窗口中给出。只有检查结果为成功或者是警告状态安装过程才能继续。如果任何一个环境检查失败了，这些失败的环境检查必须要手动解决，更多信息参见 "Checking Prerequisites"。

   After you click Next, the Oracle Configuration Manager Registration window appears.
   点击Next之后，oracle的配置管理注册窗口出现。

7. In the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks window, ensure that all checks succeeded, and then click Next. If any checks failed, take corrective actions.
   在指定产品必要条件检查窗口中，保证所有的查检结果的成功的，再点击Next。如果有失败的检查项，则需要手动矫正。

8. In the Oracle Configuration Manager Registration window, click Next without enabling Oracle Configuration Manager.
   如果不启用oracle配置管理，可以在oracle配置管理注册窗口直接点Next 。

   Oracle Configuration Manager is used to collect and upload the configuration information to the Oracle configuration repository. Using Oracle Configuration Manager can help to reduce time for resolution of support issues and allow you to receive problem avoidance information. You can configure this option later, after the database installation is complete.
   oracle配置管理用来收集和向oracle配置库上载配置信息。用oracle配置管理可以减少解决问题的时间，也能收到避免问题的信息。你也可以在安装完数据库之后再配置这个选项。

   After you click Next, a summary window appears, showing information such as your global settings, space requirements, and the new products to be installed.
   点击完Next之后，会出现概况窗口，主要的信息是你的全局设置，空间需求，和你要安装的新产品。

9. Review the installation summary, then click Install to start the installation.
   检查一下安装概况，点击Install 开始安装。

   The Install window appears, showing the installation progress. At the end of the installation phase, the Configuration Assistants window appears. This window lists the configuration assistants that are started automatically. If you chose to create a starter database, then Database Configuration Assistant starts automatically in a separate window.
   安装窗口出现，上面显示着进度条。在安装的最后阶段，会出现 配置助手窗口。这个窗口列出了自动启动的配置助手。如果选择安装一个启动着的数据库，那么数据库配置助手会在另一个窗口自动启动。

   At the end of database creation, a window is displayed that summarizes the database creation.
   在安装数据库过程结尾，数据库安装的概况显示在一个窗口中。

10. (Optional) Click Password Management to unlock user accounts to make the accounts accessible to users.
    （可选）点击Password Management，激活用户账户，使用户可以访问这些帐户

    The SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, and DBSNMP accounts are unlocked by default.
    SYS，SYSTEM，SYSMAN和DBSNMP帐户默认是被激活的。

11. Click OK to continue the installation.
    点击OK 继续安装。

12. For Linux and UNIX operating systems only, run the specified scripts, then click OK.
    仅对Linux和UNIX操作系统，需要执行指定的脚本，然后点击OK。

    In the Execute Configuration Scripts window, you are prompted to open a new terminal window, and to run scripts as the root user. After you run the scripts, return to this window and click OK.
    在执行配置脚本窗口中，会打开一个终止窗口，用root用户执行脚本。在执行完脚本之后，返回这个窗口点击OK。

13. Make note of the information in the End of Installation window, then click Exit to exit OUI. In the confirmation window, click Yes.
    在安装结束窗口中记录了一些信息，点击Exit 退出OUI。在确认窗口中，点击Yes。

    Your installation and database creation is now complete. The End of Installation window displays one or more important URLs, including one for the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control console. (The console is the user interface—the Web application—portion of Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control.) You can go to this URL with your browser and log in as the SYS user with the associated password, and connect as SYSDBA. You use Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control to perform common database administration tasks. See Chapter 3, "Getting Started with Database Administration".
    现在oracle软件及数据库安装都结束了。在安装窗口结尾显示着一个或者多个重要的URL，包括Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control控制台URL。控制台是一个web应用的用户接口——部分Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control，可以用浏览器用SYS用户及SYS用户的密码登录控制台。可以用Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control执行普通的数据库管理任务。

    The URL and port information for Database Control can be found after installation in the Oracle_home/install/portlist.ini file.
    数据库控制台的URL和端口在安装完后可以在Oracle_home/install/portlist.ini文件中找到。