在Debian5.0.2下源代码安装OpenVPN笔记 [使用Mysql+PAM认证] 第二版
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作者:何祖彬[RobinHe] Mail:zubin.he@gmail.com
BLOG: http://blog.csdn.net/zubin006
始于2009年9月5日
转载请注明出处，本文也是采用两篇网友的大部分内容，因此转载时，请也将下面“参考文章”的出处也一并加入！谢谢！
本文中难免有不足、遗漏、错别字和句子不通之处，如发现、或者有更新改变之处，请与我联系以及时修正和完善！
切记：你的OpenVPN的Server端选用的版号要跟Client要一致，否则就会造成Client端能正常连接，但是获取不到gateway,我栽了跟头。
系统信息：
OS : Debian 5.0.2
在第二版新增功能中我是使用Ubuntu 9.04 Server版
使用说明：
绿色加粗字体的绝大部分是输入的命令和系统输出显示的结果。
关键词：
VPN
OpenVPN
SSL
OpenSSL
MySql
PAM
pam_mysql
证书
参考文章：
Ubuntu下openvpn源码安装：作者:ileo
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2008-09/15672.htm
OpenVNP Server在Linux系统安装配置HOWTO:作者:郭瑞[china.guorui@gmail.com]
http://life.chinaunix.net/bbsfile/month_0907/20090728_cde3783a7b6132013264eYUWNKnnSrdx.pdf
Linux 下 OpenVPN 安装和 Windows OpenVPN GUI 安装笔记
http://www.xiaohui.com/dev/server/20070514-install-openvpn.htm
OpenVPN服务器搭建详解
http://www.linuxha.cn/openvpn_learn_all.htm
一，下载所需的软件：
1,安装所需的编译工具：
#apt-get install gcc g++ make pkg-configlibpam0g-dev sasl2-bin
2，下载lzo库[http://www.oberhumer.com/opensource/lzo/]:
#mkdir /usr/local/src/openvpn
#cd /usr/local/src/openvpn
#wgethttp://www.oberhumer.com/opensource/lzo/download/lzo-2.03.tar.gz
说明：lzo是一个实用的无损压缩工具。[可选]
3，下载openssl[http://www.openssl.org/]:
#wgethttp://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz
说明：OpenVPN依赖OpenSSL库，用于加密，需要安装。
4，下载openvpn[http://www.openvpn.net/]:
#wgethttp://www.openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.0.9.tar.gz
最新的rc版
#wget http://www.openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.1_rc19.tar.gz
二，安装OpenVPN及相关软件：
1，安装lzo:
#tar -zxvf lzo-2.03.tar.gz
#cd lzo-2.03
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lzo
#make
#make install
在/etc/ld.so.conf中加入以下内容：
/lib
/usr/lib
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lzo/lib
/etc/ld.so.conf的结果：
#vi /etc/ld.so.conf
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/lib
/usr/lib
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lzo/lib
使用/etc/ld.so.conf中的内容生效，即动态连接库生效：
#ldconfig
2，安装openssl:
#cd ..
#tar -zxvf openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz
#cd openssl-0.9.8k
#./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
#make
#make install
3，安装openvpn:
#cd ..
#tar -zxvf openvpn-2.0.9.tar.gz
#cd openvpn-2.0.9
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/openvpn--with-lzo-headers=/usr/local/lzo/include--with-lzo-lib=/usr/local/lzo/lib--with-ssl-headers=/usr/local/openssl/include--with-ssl-lib=/usr/local/openssl/lib
#make
#make install
三，配置OpenVPN Server
1,创建配置环境
# mkdir -p /usr/local/openvpn/etc
# cp -R /usr/local/src/openvpn/openvpn-2.0.9/easy-rsa/usr/local/openvpn/etc/.
#cd /usr/local/openvpn/etc/easy-rsa/2.0
#ls
结果是程序以及脚本，这里简要的说明一下：
vars 脚本，是用来创建环境变量，设置所需要的变量的脚本
clean-all 脚本，是创建生成ca证书及密钥文件所需要的文件及目录
build-ca 脚本，生成ca证书(交互)
build-dh 脚本，生成Diff-Hellman文件(交互)
build-key-server 脚本，生成服务器端密钥(交互)
build-key 脚本，生成客户端密钥(交互)
pkitool 脚本，直接使用vars的环境变量设置，直接生成证书(非交互)
2,生成CA证书及密钥[注意字符输入不要出错]
初始化系统环境变量，你可以看一下这个脚本的内容就知道它在干什么了：
#./vars
NOTE: If you run ./clean-all, I will be doing a rm -rf on/usr/local/openvpn/etc/easy-rsa/2.0/keys
请理解警告的意思。
#chmod +rwx *
#source ./vars
生成并初始keys文件夹
#./clean-all
修改vars文件，内容如下：
export KEY_COUNTRY="CN"
export KEY_PROVINCE="FuJian"
export KEY_CITY="PuTian"
export KEY_ORG="ITCHT"
export KEY_EMAIL="zubin@itcht.com"
修改完保存后，即可生成ca证书及密钥文件了：
#source ./vars
生成Root Ca证书, 用于签发Server和Client证书
#./build-ca
# ls keys
可以看到已经生成了ca.crt ca.key文件
生成Diffie-Hellman文件
#./build-dh
#ls -l keys/dh1024.pem
可以看到生成了1024位的Diffie-Hellman文件
生成服务器使用的VPN server Ca证书
#./build-key-server itcht-server
根据提示输入相关信息，
itcht-server是你为CA证书起的一个名字, 以server名字为例,生成的服务器使用的CA证书文件为:itcht-server.crt itcht-server.key
将生成的CA证书及密钥拷贝到/usr/local/openvpn/etc下：
#cp keys/ca.* /usr/local/openvpn/etc/.
#cp keys/itcht-server.* /usr/local/openvpn/etc/.
#cp keys/dh1024.pem /usr/local/openvpn/etc/.
生成客户端CA证书及密钥
生成客户端CA证书及密钥使用:build-key程序即可
#./build-key itcht-user1
根据提示输入相关信息，
将在keys目录下生成itcht-user1.crt itcht-user1.csr itcht-user1.key三个客户端证书
将ca.crt ca.key itcht-user1.crt itcht-user1.csritcht-user1.key五个文件打包,以备客户端vpn使用
#mkdir itcht-user1-key
#cp keys/ca.* ./itcht-user1-key/.
#cp keys/itcht-user1.* ./itcht-user1-key/.
#tar -czvf itcht-user1-key.tar.gz itcht-user1-key
上面这件打包文件要COPY到客户端时使用
生成openvpn配置文件
创建openvpn 配置文件最好的方法是先看openvpn 的样例文件,在源码目录下的sample-config-files下,本例为
/usr/local/src/openvpn/openvpn-2.0.9/sample-config-files
服务器端配置文件名: server.conf
客户端配置文件名为: client.conf
可以根据需要修改.
#cp/usr/local/src/openvpn/openvpn-2.0.9/sample-config-files/server.conf/usr/local/openvpn/etc/openvpn.conf
#mkdir -p /usr/local/openvpn/logs
#groupadd nobody
#vi/usr/local/openvpn/etc/openvpn.conf
#################################################
# Sample OpenVPN 2.0 config file for #
# multi-client server. #
# #
# This file is for the server side #
# of a many-clients <-> one-server #
# OpenVPN configuration. #
# #
# OpenVPN also supports #
# single-machine <-> single-machine #
# configurations (See the Examples page #
# on the web site for more info). #
# #
# This config should work on Windows #
# or Linux/BSD systems. Remember on #
# Windows to quote pathnames and use #
# double backslashes, e.g.: #
# "C://Program Files//OpenVPN//config//foo.key" #
# #
# Comments are preceded with '#' or ';' #
#################################################
# Which local IP address should OpenVPN
# listen on? (optional)
;local a.b.c.d
# Which TCP/UDP port should OpenVPN listen on?
# If you want to run multiple OpenVPN instances
# on the same machine, use a different port
# number for each one. You will need to
# open up this port on your firewall.
#port 1194
port 5194
# TCP or UDP server?
;proto tcp
#proto udp
proto tcp
# "dev tun" will create a routed IP tunnel,
# "dev tap" will create an ethernet tunnel.
# Use "dev tap0" if you are ethernet bridging
# and have precreated a tap0 virtual interface
# and bridged it with your ethernet interface.
# If you want to control access policies
# over the VPN, you must create firewall
# rules for the the TUN/TAP interface.
# On non-Windows systems, you can give
# an explicit unit number, such as tun0.
# On Windows, use "dev-node" for this.
# On most systems, the VPN will not function
# unless you partially or fully disable
# the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface.
;dev tap
dev tun
# Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name
# from the Network Connections panel if you
# have more than one. On XP SP2 or higher,
# you may need to selectively disable the
# Windows firewall for the TAP adapter.
# Non-Windows systems usually don't need this.
;dev-node MyTap
# SSL/TLS root certificate (ca), certificate
# (cert), and private key (key). Each client
# and the server must have their own cert and
# key file. The server and all clients will
# use the same ca file.
#
# See the "easy-rsa" directory for a series
# of scripts for generating RSA certificates
# and private keys. Remember to use
# a unique Common Name for the server
# and each of the client certificates.
#
# Any X509 key management system can be used.
# OpenVPN can also use a PKCS #12 formatted key file
# (see "pkcs12" directive in man page).
ca /usr/local/openvpn/etc/ca.crt
#cert server.crt
cert /usr/local/openvpn/etc/itcht-server.crt
key /usr/local/openvpn/etc/itcht-server.key # This file should be kept secret
# Diffie hellman parameters.
# Generate your own with:
# openssl dhparam -out dh1024.pem 1024
# Substitute 2048 for 1024 if you are using
# 2048 bit keys.
dh /usr/local/openvpn/etc/dh1024.pem
# Configure server mode and supply a VPN subnet
# for OpenVPN to draw client addresses from.
# The server will take 10.8.0.1 for itself,
# the rest will be made available to clients.
# Each client will be able to reach the server
# on 10.8.0.1. Comment this line out if you are
# ethernet bridging. See the man page for more info.
#server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
server 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
# Maintain a record of client <-> virtual IP address
# associations in this file. If OpenVPN goes down or
# is restarted, reconnecting clients can be assigned
# the same virtual IP address from the pool that was
# previously assigned.
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
# Configure server mode for ethernet bridging.
# You must first use your OS's bridging capability
# to bridge the TAP interface with the ethernet
# NIC interface. Then you must manually set the
# IP/netmask on the bridge interface, here we
# assume 10.8.0.4/255.255.255.0. Finally we
# must set aside an IP range in this subnet
# (start=10.8.0.50 end=10.8.0.100) to allocate
# to connecting clients. Leave this line commented
# out unless you are ethernet bridging.
;server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100
# Push routes to the client to allow it
# to reach other private subnets behind
# the server. Remember that these
# private subnets will also need
# to know to route the OpenVPN client
# address pool (10.8.0.0/255.255.255.0)
# back to the OpenVPN server.
;push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0"
push "route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0"
;push "route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0"
# To assign specific IP addresses to specific
# clients or if a connecting client has a private
# subnet behind it that should also have VPN access,
# use the subdirectory "ccd" for client-specific
# configuration files (see man page for more info).
# EXAMPLE: Suppose the client
# having the certificate common name "Thelonious"
# also has a small subnet behind his connecting
# machine, such as 192.168.40.128/255.255.255.248.
# First, uncomment out these lines:
;client-config-dir ccd
;route 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248
# Then create a file ccd/Thelonious with this line:
# iroute 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248
# This will allow Thelonious' private subnet to
# access the VPN. This example will only work
# if you are routing, not bridging, i.e. you are
# using "dev tun" and "server" directives.
# EXAMPLE: Suppose you want to give
# Thelonious a fixed VPN IP address of 10.9.0.1.
# First uncomment out these lines:
;client-config-dir ccd
;route 10.9.0.0 255.255.255.252
# Then add this line to ccd/Thelonious:
# ifconfig-push 10.9.0.1 10.9.0.2
# Suppose that you want to enable different
# firewall access policies for different groups
# of clients. There are two methods:
# (1) Run multiple OpenVPN daemons, one for each
# group, and firewall the TUN/TAP interface
# for each group/daemon appropriately.
# (2) (Advanced) Create a script to dynamically
# modify the firewall in response to access
# from different clients. See man
# page for more info on learn-address script.
;learn-address ./script
# If enabled, this directive will configure
# all clients to redirect their default
# network gateway through the VPN, causing
# all IP traffic such as web browsing and
# and DNS lookups to go through the VPN
# (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT
# the TUN/TAP interface to the internet in
# order for this to work properly).
# CAVEAT: May break client's network config if
# client's local DHCP server packets get routed
# through the tunnel. Solution: make sure
# client's local DHCP server is reachable via
# a more specific route than the default route
# of 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0.
;push "redirect-gateway"
push "redirect-gateway"
# Certain Windows-specific network settings
# can be pushed to clients, such as DNS
# or WINS server addresses. CAVEAT:
# http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats
;push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1"
push "dhcp-option DNS 218.85.157.99"
push "dhcp-option DNS 218.85.152.99"
;push "dhcp-option WINS 10.8.0.1"
# Uncomment this directive to allow different
# clients to be able to "see" each other.
# By default, clients will only see the server.
# To force clients to only see the server, you
# will also need to appropriately firewall the
# server's TUN/TAP interface.
;client-to-client
client-to-client
# Uncomment this directive if multiple clients
# might connect with the same certificate/key
# files or common names. This is recommended
# only for testing purposes. For production use,
# each client should have its own certificate/key
# pair.
#
# IF YOU HAVE NOT GENERATED INDIVIDUAL
# CERTIFICATE/KEY PAIRS FOR EACH CLIENT,
# EACH HAVING ITS OWN UNIQUE "COMMON NAME",
# UNCOMMENT THIS LINE OUT.
;duplicate-cn
duplicate-cn
# The keepalive directive causes ping-like
# messages to be sent back and forth over
# the link so that each side knows when
# the other side has gone down.
# Ping every 10 seconds, assume that remote
# peer is down if no ping received during
# a 120 second time period.
keepalive 10 120
# For extra security beyond that provided
# by SSL/TLS, create an "HMAC firewall"
# to help block DoS attacks and UDP port flooding.
#
# Generate with:
# openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key
#
# The server and each client must have
# a copy of this key.
# The second parameter should be '0'
# on the server and '1' on the clients.
;tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret
# Select a cryptographic cipher.
# This config item must be copied to
# the client config file as well.
;cipher BF-CBC # Blowfish (default)
;cipher AES-128-CBC # AES
;cipher DES-EDE3-CBC # Triple-DES
# Enable compression on the VPN link.
# If you enable it here, you must also
# enable it in the client config file.
comp-lzo
# The maximum number of concurrently connected
# clients we want to allow.
;max-clients 100
# It's a good idea to reduce the OpenVPN
# daemon's privileges after initialization.
#
# You can uncomment this out on
# non-Windows systems.
;user nobody
user nobody
;group nobody
group nobody
# The persist options will try to avoid
# accessing certain resources on restart
# that may no longer be accessible because
# of the privilege downgrade.
persist-key
persist-tun
# Output a short status file showing
# current connections, truncated
# and rewritten every minute.
status /usr/local/openvpn/logs/openvpn-status.log
# By default, log messages will go to the syslog (or
# on Windows, if running as a service, they will go to
# the "/Program Files/OpenVPN/log" directory).
# Use log or log-append to override this default.
# "log" will truncate the log file on OpenVPN startup,
# while "log-append" will append to it. Use one
# or the other (but not both).
;log openvpn.log
log /usr/local/openvpn/logs/openvpn.log
;log-append openvpn.log
log-append /usr/local/openvpn/logs/openvpn.log
# Set the appropriate level of log
# file verbosity.
#
# 0 is silent, except for fatal errors
# 4 is reasonable for general usage
# 5 and 6 can help to debug connection problems
# 9 is extremely verbose
verb 3
# Silence repeating messages. At most 20
# sequential messages of the same message
# category will be output to the log.
;mute 20
以上为Server端配置文件内容。
切记：以上的文章中使用到的文件最好用约对路径来指定。否则在执行时，不在当前目录，就无法找到相关文件。造成启动失败。
启动OpenSVN Server:
#/usr/local/openvpn/sbin/openvpn--config /usr/local/openvpn/etc/openvpn.conf
附：我在Debian 3.1上，即内核2.4上启动时出错:No such file/dev/net/tun，检查确实是没有这个文件,上网找资料发现原来2.6早些版本以及之前的内核都没有预先加载
这个虚拟网卡模块，须先加载：
# mkdir /dev/net
# mknod /dev/net/tun c 10 200
# ls -l /dev/net/tun
crw-r--r-- 1 root root 10, 200 Sep 5 06:45 /dev/net/tun
tun是Linux中的虚拟网卡：在OpenVPN中还有一个dev tap的选项，也是虚拟网卡：
# "dev tun" 将创建可路由的 IP 隧道，
# "dev tap" 将创建以太网隧道。
四，WINDOWS XP客户端安装及设置：
下载客户端[切记版本要对上号，否则就会产生一些麻烦]：
http://www.openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.0.9-install.exe
http://www.openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.1_rc19-install.exe
安装之：
将之前产生的itcht-user1-key.tar.gz压缩文件解压到C:/Program Files/OpenVPN/config:
其中需将client.conf改为client.ovpn，并做相应的改变，主要是：
cert itcht-user1.crt
key itcht-user1.key
内容如下:
##############################################
# Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file #
# for connecting to multi-client server. #
# #
# This configuration can be used by multiple #
# clients, however each client should have #
# its own cert and key files. #
# #
# On Windows, you might want to rename this #
# file so it has a .ovpn extension #
##############################################
# Specify that we are a client and that we
# will be pulling certain config file directives
# from the server.
client
# Use the same setting as you are using on
# the server.
# On most systems, the VPN will not function
# unless you partially or fully disable
# the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface.
;dev tap
dev tun
# Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name
# from the Network Connections panel
# if you have more than one. On XP SP2,
# you may need to disable the firewall
# for the TAP adapter.
;dev-node MyTap
# Are we connecting to a TCP or
# UDP server? Use the same setting as
# on the server.
;proto tcp
;proto udp
proto tcp
# The hostname/IP and port of the server.
# You can have multiple remote entries
# to load balance between the servers.
;remote my-server-1 1194
remote 59.58.97.5 5194
;remote my-server-2 1194
# Choose a random host from the remote
# list for load-balancing. Otherwise
# try hosts in the order specified.
;remote-random
# Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the
# host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful
# on machines which are not permanently connected
# to the internet such as laptops.
resolv-retry infinite
# Most clients don't need to bind to
# a specific local port number.
nobind
# Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only)
;user nobody
;group nobody
# Try to preserve some state across restarts.
persist-key
persist-tun
# If you are connecting through an
# HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN
# server, put the proxy server/IP and
# port number here. See the man page
# if your proxy server requires
# authentication.
;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures
;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #]
# Wireless networks often produce a lot
# of duplicate packets. Set this flag
# to silence duplicate packet warnings.
;mute-replay-warnings
# SSL/TLS parms.
# See the server config file for more
# description. It's best to use
# a separate .crt/.key file pair
# for each client. A single ca
# file can be used for all clients.
ca ca.crt
cert itcht-user1.crt
key itcht-user1.key
# Verify server certificate by checking
# that the certicate has the nsCertType
# field set to "server". This is an
# important precaution to protect against
# a potential attack discussed here:
# http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm
#
# To use this feature, you will need to generate
# your server certificates with the nsCertType
# field set to "server". The build-key-server
# script in the easy-rsa folder will do this.
ns-cert-type server
# If a tls-auth key is used on the server
# then every client must also have the key.
;tls-auth ta.key 1
# Select a cryptographic cipher.
# If the cipher option is used on the server
# then you must also specify it here.
;cipher x
# Enable compression on the VPN link.
# Don't enable this unless it is also
# enabled in the server config file.
comp-lzo
# Set log file verbosity.
verb 3
# Silence repeating messages
;mute 20
五，连接OpenVPN服务器：
右击client.ovpn文件，选择"Start OpenVPN on thisconfig file":
系统就会有如下信息：
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 OpenVPN 2.1_rc19 i686-pc-mingw32 [SSL] [LZO2][PKCS11] built on Jul 16 2009
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 LZO compression initialized
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1544 D:140 EF:40EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1544 D:1450 EF:44EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '69109d17'
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4):'c0103fa8'
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 Attempting to establish TCP connection with59.58.97.5:5194
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 TCP connection established with 59.58.97.5:5194
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 Socket Buffers: R=[8192->8192]S=[8192->8192]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:25 2009 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: 59.58.97.5:5194
Sat Sep 05 07:50:26 2009 TLS: Initial packet from 59.58.97.5:5194,sid=7bf73d46 5fff2ee2
Sat Sep 05 07:50:29 2009 VERIFY OK: depth=1,/C=CN/ST=FuJian/L=PuTian/O=ITCHT/OU=ITCHT/CN=ITCHT_CA/name=ITCHT/emailAddress=zubin@itcht.com
Sat Sep 05 07:50:29 2009 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER
Sat Sep 05 07:50:29 2009 VERIFY OK: depth=0,/C=CN/ST=FuJian/L=PuTian/O=ITCHT/OU=ITCHT/CN=itcht-server/name=ITCHT/emailAddress=zubin@itcht.com
Sat Sep 05 07:50:36 2009 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC'initialized with 128 bit key
Sat Sep 05 07:50:36 2009 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit messagehash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Sat Sep 05 07:50:36 2009 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC'initialized with 128 bit key
Sat Sep 05 07:50:36 2009 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit messagehash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Sat Sep 05 07:50:36 2009 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA
Sat Sep 05 07:50:36 2009 [itcht-server] Peer Connection Initiated with59.58.97.5:5194
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 SENT CONTROL [itcht-server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST'(status=1)
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 PUSH: Received control message:'PUSH_REPLY,route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0,redirect-gateway def1bypass-dhcp,dhcp-option DNS 218.85.157.99,dhcp-option DNS218.85.152.99,route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0,topology net30,ping10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 172.16.0.6 172.16.0.5'
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ip-win32 and/or--dhcp-option options modified
Sat Sep 05 07:50:37 2009 ROUTE default_gateway=192.168.0.1
Sat Sep 05 07:50:38 2009 TAP-WIN32 device [本地连接 7] opened://./Global/{1E148F56-651B-4309-9E55-894CF45AA118}.tap
Sat Sep 05 07:50:38 2009 TAP-Win32 Driver Version 9.6
Sat Sep 05 07:50:38 2009 TAP-Win32 MTU=1500
Sat Sep 05 07:50:38 2009 Notified TAP-Win32 driver to set a DHCPIP/netmask of 172.16.0.6/255.255.255.252 on interface{1E148F56-651B-4309-9E55-894CF45AA118} [DHCP-serv: 172.16.0.5,lease-time: 31536000]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:38 2009 Successful ARP Flush on interface [4]{1E148F56-651B-4309-9E55-894CF45AA118}
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 TEST ROUTES: 3/3 succeeded len=2 ret=1 a=0u/d=up
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 C:/WINDOWS/system32/route.exe ADD 59.58.97.5MASK 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.1
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 C:/WINDOWS/system32/route.exe ADD 0.0.0.0 MASK128.0.0.0 172.16.0.5
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 C:/WINDOWS/system32/route.exe ADD 128.0.0.0MASK 128.0.0.0 172.16.0.5
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 C:/WINDOWS/system32/route.exe ADD 172.16.0.0MASK 255.255.0.0 172.16.0.5
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 C:/WINDOWS/system32/route.exe ADD 172.16.0.0MASK 255.255.0.0 172.16.0.5
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive]
Sat Sep 05 07:50:43 2009 Initialization Sequence Completed
看一下我的IP信息：
C:/ipconfig /all
六，服务端的NAT配置：
编辑:/etc/sysctl.conf,更改net.ipv4.ip_forward=0为net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
或者：
#echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
并执行如下指令[我的外网网卡是eth0,为两个网段做NAT]
#/sbin/iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
#/sbin/iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s 172.16.0.0/255.255.0.0 -o eth0-j MASQUERADE
这时，您可以用你连上OPENVPN的电脑打开www.123cha.com或者相关查本地IP的网站或工具，可以看到您的IP就不是你现在的IP了，应该是你OPENVPN服务器的IP了，恭喜你成功了。
后续：
继续研究并实作使用用户认证方式连接OpenVPN......
下面为后来完善认证功能的部分：
七：使用Mysql+PAM的用户认证：
启用这个功能前，得先安装MYSQL，最好是Apache+Mysql+PHP+phpMyAdmin,因为这样便用管理mysql中的帐号：
Linux+Apache+Mysql+PHP的安装，即简称为LAMP的安装，先前我有笔记：
原创-在Debian 5.0下的使用源代码安装LAMP笔记[完整版，带HTTPS] :
http://blog.csdn.net/zubin006/archive/2009/09/07/4529070.aspx
1，创建数据库以及用户密码表：
mysql>create database openvpn;
在phpMyAdmin执行以下的sql语句，创建表openvpnuser以及增加一条用户名为:test,密码也为test的记录：
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- phpMyAdmin SQL Dump
-- version 3.2.2-rc1
-- http://www.phpmyadmin.net
--
-- 主机: localhost
-- 生成日期: 2009 年 09 月 07 日 08:52
-- 服务器版本: 5.1.38
-- PHP 版本: 5.3.0
SET SQL_MODE="NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO";
--
-- 数据库: `openvpn`
--
-- --------------------------------------------------------
--
-- 表的结构 `openvpnuser`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `openvpnuser` (
`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` char(20) NOT NULL,
`password` char(128) NOT NULL,
`active` int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',
`reg_date` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT='openvpn user table.'AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ;
--
-- 转存表中的数据 `openvpnuser`
--
INSERT INTO `openvpnuser` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `active`,`reg_date`) VALUES
(1, 'test', '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29', 1, 0);
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,新增数据库普通用户openvpn,让它对数据库openvpn具有完全权限。
3,安装并配置 pam_mysql 认证模块:
a,编译并安装 pam_mysql模块：
下载pam_mysql模块:
#wgethttp://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/pam-mysql/pam_mysql-0.7RC1.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf pam_mysql-0.7RC1.tar.gz
# cd pam_mysql-0.7RC1
# ./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
# make
32位系统：
# cp .libs/pam_mysql.so /lib/security/.
64位系统：
# cp .libs/pam_mysql.so /lib64/security/.
b,配置 pam_mysql模块：
#touch /etc/pam.d/openvpn
#vi /etc/pam.d/openvpn
auth required /lib/security/pam_mysql.so user=openvpnpasswd=youdbpasswd host=localhost db=openvpn table=openvpnuserusercolumn=username passwdcolumn=password where=active=1 sqllog=0crypt=2 verbose=1
account required /lib/security/pam_mysql.so user=openvpnpasswd=youdbpasswd host=localhost db=openvpn table=openvpnuserusercolumn=username passwdcolumn=password where=active=1 sqllog=0crypt=2 verbose=1
c,利用saslauthd来测试pam_mysql是否工作正常[上面安装的sasl2-bin包]：
# vi /etc/default/saslauthd
# Should saslauthd run automatically on startup? (default: no)
#START=no
START=yes
启动saslauthd:
# /etc/init.d/saslauthd start
测试：
# testsaslauthd -u test -p test -s openvpn
0: OK "Success."
说明pam_mysql可以正常工作，即正常的利用mysql中的openvpn数据库的用户表进行用户名和密码的匹配。
相关日志有所体现：
/var/log/syslog
/var/log/auth.log
4,配置 openvpn 服务器及客户端有关认证的内容：
进入 openvpn 源代码目,在 plugin/auth-pam 下将 openvpn 认证模块编译出来:
# cd/usr/local/src/openvpn/openvpn-2.0.9/plugin/auth-pam
# make
32位系统:
# cp -f openvpn-auth-pam.so /lib/security/.
64位系统:
# cp -f openvpn-auth-pam.so /lib64/security/.
在openvpn服务器端的配置文件中加入认证模块：
# vi /usr/local/openvpn/etc/openvpn.conf
在最后一行加入:
plugin /lib/security/openvpn-auth-pam.soopenvpn #64位系统做相关的改动。
重启一下OpenVPN,即杀掉进程号，然后:
启动OpenSVN Server:
#/usr/local/openvpn/sbin/openvpn--config /usr/local/openvpn/etc/openvpn.conf
在openvpn客户端最后一行加入:
auth-user-pass
重启客户端时就要求输入客户端，详细操作方式，即客户端使用手册：
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
使用手册-OpenVPN-2.1_rc19版.txt
ITCHT VPN 客户端安装手册 [基于OpenVPN]
说明：本手册将指导您一步一步的安装并连接上ITCHT OpenVPN服务器
一，OpenVPN客户端软件的安装：
1,下载下面的OpenVPN客户端：
http://www.openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.0.9-install.exe
注意：由于服务器端是使用2.0.9版，因此客户端也得使用2.0.9版，否则如果使用最新的2.1_rc19版的话，您将无法获取到网关，也就无法使用OpenVPN上网。
2，安装：
a,双击openvpn-2.0.9-install.exe文件。
b,点击 : "Next >" ==> "I Agree" ==> "Next >" ==> "Install"
c,在点击 "Install" 后，系统会提示您进行"硬件安装"，其实就是安装一张OpenVPN的虚拟网卡,请点击 "仍然继续(C)".
d,点击 : "Next >" ==> "Finish" 以完成OpenVPN客户端的安装。
二，连接上ITCHT OpenVPN服务器：
1,鼠标右键点击本目录的 : itchtvpn-user1.ovpn 。
2,选择 : "Start OpenVPN on this config file" 。
系统画面如下：
Enter Auth Username :
输入您的用户名，按Enter,
Enter Auth Password :
输入您的密码，按Enter,
系统会进行跟服务器的连接，直到出现：
Initialization Sequence Completed.
并且刚才装的虚拟网卡会自动获取到IP，即成功完成跟OpenVPN服务器的连接。
这时您上网都将通过本VPN服务器，并跟其它连入本VPN的用户形成一个虚拟局域网。
完...
祖彬于莆田
2009,09,08
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
使用手册-OpenVPN-2.1_rc19版.txt
ITCHT VPN 客户端安装手册 [基于OpenVPN]
说明：本手册将指导您一步一步的安装并连接上ITCHT OpenVPN服务器
一，OpenVPN客户端软件的安装：
1,下载下面的OpenVPN客户端：
http://www.openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.1_rc19-install.exe
注意：由于服务器端是使用2.1_rc19版，因此客户端也得使用2.1_rc19版，否则如果使用旧的2.0.9版的话，您将无法获取到网关，也就无法使用OpenVPN上网。
2，安装：
a,双击openvpn-2.1_rc19-install.exe文件。
b,点击 : "Next >" ==> "I Agree" ==> "Next >" ==> "Install"
c,在点击 "Install" 后，系统会提示您进行"硬件安装"，其实就是安装一张OpenVPN的虚拟网卡,请点击 "仍然继续(C)".
d,点击 : "Next >" ==> "Finish" 以完成OpenVPN客户端的安装。
二，连接上ITCHT OpenVPN服务器：
1,鼠标右键点击本目录的 : itchtvpn21-user1.ovpn
2,选择 : "Start OpenVPN on this config file" 。
系统画面如下：
Enter Auth Username :
输入您的用户名，按Enter,
Enter Auth Password :
输入您的密码，按Enter,
系统会进行跟服务器的连接，直到出现：
Initialization Sequence Completed.
并且刚才装的虚拟网卡会自动获取到IP，即成功完成跟OpenVPN服务器的连接。
这时您上网都将通过本VPN服务器，并跟其它连入本VPN的用户形成一个虚拟局域网。
在2.1_rc19中还有另一种方法连接到服务器的方法：
使用OpenVPN 2.1_rc19的 GUI方式：
1,将本目录的所有文件COPY到C:/Program Files/OpenVPN/config目录下。
2,点击 "开始" ==> "所有程序" ==> "OpenVPN" ==> "OpenVPNGUI",这时在你的电脑右下角会出现一个带红色的网络连接图标，叫"OpenVPN GUI"。
3,右键点击这个位于右下解的"OpenVPN GUI"图标，选"Connect"进行跟VPN服务器连接。会弹出输入用户名和密码。输入按ENTER即可。
4,右键点击这个位于右下解的"OpenVPN GUI"图标，选"Disconnect"将中断与服务器的连接。
完...
祖彬于莆田
2009,09,08
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#注意，如果是安装openvpn-2.1_rc19时在客户端连接时，在Server端的/var/log/auth.log会出现如下错误信息：
Sep 6 23:29:19 d502 openvpn: PAM unable todlopen(/lib/security/pam_mysql.so): /lib/security/pam_mysql.so:undefined symbol: pam_set_data
Sep 6 23:29:19 d502 openvpn: PAM adding faulty module:/lib/security/pam_mysql.so
解决方案：
/lib/security/openvpn-auth-pam.so 这个文件要用 openvpn-2.0.9源代码文件编译出来的。原因也不是太懂。折磨了我好久。有空再找官网看一下相关文档：就是COPY下面的这个文件到/lib/security/openvpn-auth-pam.so
/usr/local/src/openvpn/openvpn-2.0.9/plugin/auth-pam/openvpn-auth-pam.so
这个问题解决后，在2.0.9客户端当VPN服务器连接断掉后，系统就无法工作，这个问题目在2.1_rc19就没有了。所以现在我就是在使用最新的2.1_rc19,再强调一次：你的OpenVPN的Server端选用的版号要跟Client要一致，否则就会造成Client端能正常连接，但是获取不到gateway,我栽了跟头。
本文终于 2009年09月05日...福建 莆田
于2009年09月16日晚祖彬于莆田更新到第二版...主要是增加了Mysql+PAM的用户认证功能以及修改了第一版中的错误地方。
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