struts2与spring的整合示例

来源：互联网发布：oracle队列 Java 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 06:54

为了简单起见,文中只是讲操作过程,不讲原理,请大家理解.

(1)新建一个web项目

加入spring-2.0.jar,struts2-core-2.0.11.jar,struts2-spring-plugin-2.0.11.jar,xwork-2.0.4.jar,freemarker-2.3.8.jar,commons-logging-1.0.4.jar,ognl-2.6.11.jar等jar包

(2)修改WEB-INF/web.xml文件了，内容为：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< web-app version ="2.4" xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >

< display-name > Struts 2 IoC Demo </ display-name >

< filter >
< filter-name > struts-cleanup </ filter-name >
< filter-class >
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ActionContextCleanUp
</ filter-class >
</ filter >

< filter >
< filter-name > struts2 </ filter-name >
< filter-class >
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</ filter-class >
</ filter >

< filter-mapping >
< filter-name > struts-cleanup </ filter-name >
< url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern >
</ filter-mapping >

< filter-mapping >
< filter-name > struts2 </ filter-name >
< url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern >
</ filter-mapping >

< listener >
< listener-class >
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</ listener-class >
</ listener >

< welcome-file-list >
< welcome-file > index.html </ welcome-file >
</ welcome-file-list >
</ web-app >

清单1 WEB-INF/web.xml

较纯struts2程序多了两项:

1:加入Spring的ContextLoaderListener监听器，方便Spring与Web容器交互

2:struts-cleanup让程序知道在正确的时候清除请求(servletContext)而不是立即清除,方便在程序中取得servletContext

(3)在Struts.properties中加入以下项:

struts.objectFactory = spring

告知Struts 2运行时使用Spring来创建对象（如Action等）.

(4)创建接口ChatService

package ss;

import java.util.Set;

public interface ChatService {
Set < String > getUserNames();
}

再创建一个默认实现ChatServiceImpl

package ss;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class ChatServiceImpl implements ChatService {

public Set < String > getUserNames() {
Set < String > users = new HashSet < String > ();
users.add( " Max " );
users.add( " Scott " );
users.add( " Bob " );
return users;
}

}

下来，就该新建Action了。tutorial.ChatAction.java的代码如下：

package ss;

import java.util.Set;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class ChatAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 8445871212065L ;

private ChatService chatService;
private Set < String > userNames;

public void setChatService(ChatService chatService) {
this .chatService = chatService;
}

public Set < String > getUserNames() {
return userNames;
}

@Override
public String execute() {
userNames = chatService.getUserNames();
return SUCCESS;
}

}

然后，配置Spring的applicationContext.xml（位于WEB-INF下）文件，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd" >
    <bean id ="chatService" class ="ss.ChatServiceImpl" />
    <bean id ="chatAction" class ="ss.ChatAction" scope ="prototype" >
        <property name ="chatService" >
            <ref local ="chatService" />
        </property >
    </bean >
</beans >

述代码有二点值得大家注意的：

Struts 2会为每一个请求创建一个Action对象，所以在定义chatAction时，使用scope="prototype"。这样Spring就会每次都返回一个新的ChatAction对象了；
因为ChatServiceImpl被配置为默认的scope（也即是singleton，唯一的），所以在实现时应保证其线程安全（关于编写线程安全的代码的讨论已经超出本文的范围，更超出了本人的能力范围，大家可以参考Addison Wesley Professional出版的《Java Concurrency in Practice》）。

接下来，在classes/struts.xml中配置Action，内容如下

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<include file="struts-default.xml" />
<package name="ss" extends="struts-default">
   <action name="Chat" class="ss.ChatAction">
    <result>/UserList.jsp</result>
   </action>
</package>
</struts>

最后，让我们看看/UserList.jsp，内容如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="Utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
    content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
   <title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h2>
    User List
   </h2>
   <s:iterator value="userNames">
     <li>
      <s:property />
     </li>
    </s:iterator>
</body>
</html>
大功告成，分布运行应用程序，在浏览器中键入http://172.16.1.111:8080/strutsspring/Chat.action，出现如图2所示页面：

源程序下载地址:stutsspring@163.com

用户名:stutsspring

密码;admin123