Linux nfs 服务端配置

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Linux nfs 服务端配置

我的机器 redhat 9.0

[root@localhost n300]# uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.9-42.EL #1 Sat Aug 12 09:17:58 CDT 2006 i686 athlon i386 GNU/Linux

1:首先确保自己已经安装有nfs服务,测试方式可以为:

#service nfs status

没有unrecognized service之类的错误输出就表示已经安装

2:编辑配置文件/etc/exports,内容简单的可以为:

/home *(rw)

也可以配置更多的参数,如

/home/work 192.168.0.*(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

添加的内容表示：允许ip 地址范围在192.168.0.*的计算机以读写的权限来访问/home/work 目录。

/home也称为服务器输出共享目录。

　　括号内的参数意义描述如下：

　　rw：读/写权限，只读权限的参数为ro；

　　sync：数据同步写入内存和硬盘，也可以使用async，此时数据会先暂存于内存中，而不立即写入硬盘。

　　no_root_squash：NFS 服务器共享目录用户的属性，如果用户是 root，那么对于这个共享目录来说就具有 root 的权限。

3:重启或者启动对应的两个服务:

[root@localhost n300]# service portmap restart

Stopping portmap: [ OK ]

Starting portmap: [ OK ]

[root@localhost n300]# service nfs restart

Shutting down NFS mountd: [ OK ]

Shutting down NFS daemon: [ OK ]

Shutting down NFS quotas: [ OK ]

Shutting down NFS services: [ OK ]

Starting NFS services: [ OK ]

Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]

Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]

Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]

[root@localhost n300]#

4:本机测试或者其他客户端的测试:

>: mount -o nolock 10.78.28.103:/usr/n300 /mnt

mount: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = No route to host

mount: nfsmount failed: Bad file descriptor

mount: Mounting 10.78.28.103:/usr/n300 on /mnt failed: Bad file descriptor

如果有上面类似错误,有可能是如下原因

a:先ping客户端能否连通服务器ip

RPC: Unable to receive; errno = No route to host 的原因

b:nfs服务器是否有防火墙屏蔽了对应端口

c:/etc/hosts.deny /etc/hosts.allow 是否屏蔽了客户端ip

Bad file descriptor的原因

d:/etc/exports配置有问题,确保文件中的"()"是英文的,如果你从其他地方copy有可能出现如上问题

解决办法:

[root@localhost n300]# service iptables stop

Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]

Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]

Unloading iptables modules: [ OK ]

[root@localhost n300]# service iptables status

Firewall is stopped.

[root@localhost n300]# cat /etc/hosts

hosts hosts.allow hosts.deny

[root@localhost n300]# cat /etc/hosts.deny

# hosts.deny This file describes the names of the hosts which are

# *not* allowed to use the local INET services, as decided

# by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server.

# The portmap line is redundant, but it is left to remind you that

# the new secure portmap uses hosts.deny and hosts.allow. In particular

# you should know that NFS uses portmap!

[root@localhost n300]# cat /etc/hosts.allow

# hosts.allow This file describes the names of the hosts which are

# allowed to use the local INET services, as decided

# by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server.

在这里笔者也同样遇到了这样的一个问题，在网上百度过很多，都没有搞定，最后最后我自己写的这篇文章，和自己以前为了能使linux上网，把VM里的Ethernet设置了NAT的原因解决方法就是把它设回Brideged。这是原文没有的，笔者后来添加进去，如果有人遇到了同样的问题，希望能给你帮助。

[root@localhost n300]#

5: 解决上面问题后应该可以正确的mount了

>: mount -o nolock 10.78.28.103:/usr /mnt

mount: 10.78.28.103:/usr failed, reason given by server: Permission denied #还是有错,iptable在作怪

mount: nfsmount failed: Bad file descriptor

mount: Mounting 10.78.28.103:/usr on /mnt failed: Bad file descriptor

>:####自给解决上面的错误

>: mount -o nolock 10.78.28.103:/usr/n300 /mnt ##正确了

>: df

Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/root 6.6M 6.6M 0 100% /

/dev/mtdblock/5 1.0M 68.0k 956.0k 7% /info

/dev/mtdblock/6 42.0M 3.3M 38.7M 8% /apps

/dev/mtdblock/7 5.0M 196.0k 4.8M 4% /logs

10.78.28.218:/home/webserver 8.4G 7.2G 780.8M 90% /tmp/mnt

10.78.28.103:/usr/n300 9.6G 6.7G 2.4G 73% /mnt

引致：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/51980/showart_679640.html

总结：

步骤：

1，vi /etc/exports        //编辑配置
      2，service portmap restart       //重启portmap服务
       3，service nfs restart       //重启nfs服务
      4，showmount -e        //显示/etc/exports
       5，mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.1.200:/opt/FriendlyARM/Micro2440/ /mnt/ //主机挂载
       6，umount /mnt        //主机卸载
       7，service iptables stop       //关闭防火墙
       8，mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.1.200:/opt/FriendlyARM/Micro2440/ /mnt/ //开发板挂载