节点省电 - 减少信息交互、采用sleep模式

以下是在网络拓扑和协议层面考虑的节点省电方式

 

电力消耗是传感网需要关注的一个大问题，而节点之间的信息交互占用了大部分的电能消耗。如何解决这个由于信息交互带来的电能消耗问题？一种方法是采用节点集合，即一系列节点组成一个有唯一主节点的集合，内部之间的信息通过分节点自身处理通过多跳的方式传递到主节点，再有主节点之间通过多跳的方式传播直到信息汇聚目标。另一种方法就是引入sleep方式，采用唤醒方式工作（可以参考移动通讯领域手机的sleep模式）。另一个挑战是需要研究节点之间均衡电能消耗的方法（如果节点之间电能消耗差距大，在没有充电方式的节点网络中，部分消耗大的节点由于电能枯竭提前退出网络，会造成传感网络整体性能的下降）

 

 

<Wireless-Sensor-Networks-pt-1-Introduction  by Eliana Stavrou  >

 

Keep in mind that one of the biggest problems of sensor networks is power consumption, which is greatly affected by the communication between nodes. To solve this issue, aggregation points are introduced to the network. This reduces the total number of messages exchanged between nodes and saves some energy. Usually, aggregation points are regular nodes that receive data from neighboring nodes, perform some kind of processing, and then forward the filtered data to the next hop. Similar to aggregation points is clustering. Sensor nodes are organized into clusters, each cluster having a “cluster head” as the leader. The communication within a cluster must travel through the cluster head, which then is forwarded to a neighboring cluster head until it reaches its destination, the base station. Another method for saving energy is setting the nodes to go idle (into sleep mode) if they are not needed and wake up when required. Of course, the challenge is to find a pattern at which energy consumption is made evenly for all the nodes in the network.