ASP.NET MVC中的验证

来源：互联网发布：平板软件强制搬家编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 08:24

1.简单验证

在ASP.Net MVC中，验证是在Controller层，而错误呈现是在View层，Controller层是通过ModelState属性进行验证的,ModelState的状态是通过AddModelError()方法进行添加的。

而在View层，是通过Html的辅助方法进行呈现的，这两个辅助方法分别是

Html.ValidationMessage()
Html.ValidationSummary()

        [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
        public ActionResult Create([Bind(Exclude="CustomerId")] Customer customer)
        {
            if (customer.CompanyName.Length == 0)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("CompanyName", "CompanyName不能为空");
            }
            if (customer.EmailAddress.Length == 0)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("EmailAddress", "EmailAddress不能为空");
            }
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                return View();
            }
            try
            {
                _entities.AddToCustomer(customer);
                _entities.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            catch
            {
                return View();
            }
        }

<%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<MvcApplication4.Models.Customer>" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server">
 Create
</asp:Content>

<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server">

 <h2>Create</h2>

 <%= Html.ValidationSummary("Create was unsuccessful. Please correct the errors and try again.") %>

 <% using (Html.BeginForm()) {%>

 <fieldset>
 <legend>Fields</legend>
 
 <label for="NameStyle">NameStyle:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("NameStyle") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("NameStyle", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="Title">Title:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("Title") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Title", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="FirstName">FirstName:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("FirstName") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("FirstName", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="MiddleName">MiddleName:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("MiddleName") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("MiddleName", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="LastName">LastName:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("LastName") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("LastName", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="Suffix">Suffix:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("Suffix") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Suffix", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="CompanyName">CompanyName:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("CompanyName") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("CompanyName", "CompanyName不能为空") %>
 
 
 <label for="SalesPerson">SalesPerson:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("SalesPerson") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("SalesPerson", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="EmailAddress">EmailAddress:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("EmailAddress") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("EmailAddress", "EmailAddress不能为空") %>
 
 
 <label for="Phone">Phone:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("Phone") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Phone", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="PasswordHash">PasswordHash:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("PasswordHash") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("PasswordHash", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="PasswordSalt">PasswordSalt:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("PasswordSalt") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("PasswordSalt", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="rowguid">rowguid:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("rowguid") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("rowguid", "*") %>
 
 
 <label for="ModifiedDate">ModifiedDate:</label>
 <%= Html.TextBox("ModifiedDate") %>
 <%= Html.ValidationMessage("ModifiedDate", "*") %>
 
 
 <input type="submit" value="Create" />
 
 </fieldset>

 <% } %>

 <div>
 <%=Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") %>
 </div>

</asp:Content>

如果使用Entityframework生成的Model，数据库设计时为不为空，那么生成的Model层该字段的Nullable属性就为false，即使在Controller没有做简单验证，在View层也会做是否为空的判断的。

2.使用IDataErrorInfo Interface

IDataErrorInfo接口的定义比较简单：

public interface IDataErrorInfo
    {
        string this[string columnName] { get; }

        string Error { get; }
    }

使用IDataErrorInfo Interface的步骤如下：

针对Model，创建一个Partial类
添加OnChanging和OnChanged Partial方法
实现IDataErrorInfo接口

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace MvcApplication4.Models
{
 public partial class Customer:IDataErrorInfo
 {
 private Dictionary<string, string> _errors = new Dictionary<string, string>();

 partial void OnCompanyNameChanging(string value)
 {
 if (value.Trim().Length == 0)
 {
 _errors.Add("CompanyName", "CompanyName is required");
 }
 }

 public string Error
 {
 get
 {
 return string.Empty;
 }
 }

 public string this[string columnName]
 {
 get
 {
 if (_errors.ContainsKey(columnName))
 {
 return _errors[columnName];
 }
 return string.Empty;
 }
 }
 }
}

3.使用Data Annotation Validators

下载Data Annotations Model Binder sample ，下载地址在http://aspnet.codeplex.com/Release/ProjectReleases.aspx?ReleaseId=24471
添加对 Microsoft.Web.Mvc.DataAnnotations.dll和System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.dll 的引用
在Global.asax.cs中的Application_Start()方法中配置
使用Data Annotation Validator Attributes
System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations命名空间下包括四个属性：
Range:范围验证
ReqularExpression：正则表达式验证
Required：必须验证
StringLength：字符串长度验证
Validation：这是所有验证属性的基类。

using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace MvcApplication4.Models
{
    public class Test
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [StringLength(10)]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string Description { get; set; }

        [DisplayName("Price")]
        [Required]
        [RegularExpression(@"^/$?/d+(/.(/d{2}))?$")]
        public decimal UnitPrice { get; set; }

    }
}