ShellExecute()用法以及和system()的区别

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ShellExecute Function

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摘选自msdn：

Performs an operation on a specified file.

Syntax

HINSTANCE ShellExecute(      



    HWND hwnd


,
    LPCTSTR lpOperation


,
    LPCTSTR lpFile


,
    LPCTSTR lpParameters


,
    LPCTSTR lpDirectory


,
    INT nShowCmd



);

Parameters

hwnd

[in] A handle to the owner window used for displaying a user interface (UI) or error messages. This value can be NULL if the operation is not associated with a window.

lpOperation

[in] A pointer to a null-terminated string, referred to in this case as a verb, that specifies the action to be performed. The set of available verbs depends on the particular file or folder. Generally, the actions available from an object's shortcut menu are available verbs. The following verbs are commonly used.

edit

Launches an editor and opens the document for editing. If lpFile is not a document file, the function will fail.

explore

Explores a folder specified by lpFile.

find

Initiates a search beginning in the directory specified by lpDirectory.

open

Opens the item specified by the lpFile parameter. The item can be a file or folder.

print

Prints the file specified by lpFile. If lpFile is not a document file, the function fails.

NULL

In systems prior to Microsoft Windows 2000, the default verb is used if it is valid and available in the registry. If not, the "open" verb is used.

In Windows 2000 and later, the default verb is used if available. If not, the "open" verb is used. If neither verb is available, the system uses the first verb listed in the registry.

lpFile

[in] A pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the file or object on which to execute the specified verb. To specify a Shell namespace object, pass the fully qualified parse name. Note that not all verbs are supported on all objects. For example, not all document types support the "print" verb. If a relative path is used for the lpDirectory parameter do not use a relative path for lpFile.

lpParameters

[in] If lpFile specifies an executable file, this parameter is a pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the parameters to be passed to the application. The format of this string is determined by the verb that is to be invoked. If lpFile specifies a document file, lpParameters should be NULL.

lpDirectory

[in] A pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the default (working) directory for the action. If this value is NULL, the current working directory is used. If a relative path is provided at lpFile, do not use a relative path for lpDirectory.

nShowCmd

[in] The flags that specify how an application is to be displayed when it is opened. If lpFile specifies a document file, the flag is simply passed to the associated application. It is up to the application to decide how to handle it.

SW_HIDE

Hides the window and activates another window.

SW_MAXIMIZE

Maximizes the specified window.

SW_MINIMIZE

Minimizes the specified window and activates the next top-level window in the z-order.

SW_RESTORE

Activates and displays the window. If the window is minimized or maximized, Windows restores it to its original size and position. An application should specify this flag when restoring a minimized window.

SW_SHOW

Activates the window and displays it in its current size and position.

SW_SHOWDEFAULT

Sets the show state based on the SW_ flag specified in the STARTUPINFO structure passed to the CreateProcess function by the program that started the application. An application should call ShowWindow with this flag to set the initial show state of its main window.

SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED

Activates the window and displays it as a maximized window.

SW_SHOWMINIMIZED

Activates the window and displays it as a minimized window.

SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE

Displays the window as a minimized window. The active window remains active.

SW_SHOWNA

Displays the window in its current state. The active window remains active.

SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE

Displays a window in its most recent size and position. The active window remains active.

SW_SHOWNORMAL

Activates and displays a window. If the window is minimized or maximized, Windows restores it to its original size and position. An application should specify this flag when displaying the window for the first time.

Return Value

Returns a value greater than 32 if successful, or an error value that is less than or equal to 32 otherwise. The following table lists the error values. The return value is cast as an HINSTANCE for backward compatibility with 16-bit Windows applications. It is not a true HINSTANCE, however. The only thing that can be done with the returned HINSTANCE is to cast it to an int and compare it with the value 32 or one of the error codes below.

0The operating system is out of memory or resources.ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUNDThe specified file was not found.ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUNDThe specified path was not found.ERROR_BAD_FORMATThe .exe file is invalid (non-Microsoft Win32 .exe or error in .exe image).SE_ERR_ACCESSDENIEDThe operating system denied access to the specified file.SE_ERR_ASSOCINCOMPLETEThe file name association is incomplete or invalid.SE_ERR_DDEBUSYThe Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) transaction could not be completed because other DDE transactions were being processed.SE_ERR_DDEFAILThe DDE transaction failed.SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUTThe DDE transaction could not be completed because the request timed out.SE_ERR_DLLNOTFOUNDThe specified DLL was not found.SE_ERR_FNFThe specified file was not found.SE_ERR_NOASSOCThere is no application associated with the given file name extension. This error will also be returned if you attempt to print a file that is not printable.SE_ERR_OOMThere was not enough memory to complete the operation.SE_ERR_PNFThe specified path was not found.SE_ERR_SHAREA sharing violation occurred.

Remarks

This method allows you to execute any commands in a folder's shortcut menu or stored in the registry.

To open a folder, use either of the following calls:

ShellExecute


(handle, NULL, <fully_qualified_path_to_folder>, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);

or

ShellExecute


(handle, "open", <fully_qualified_path_to_folder>, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);

To explore a folder, use the following call:

ShellExecute


(handle, "explore", <fully_qualified_path_to_folder>, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);

 

To launch the Shell's Find utility for a directory, use the following call.

ShellExecute


(handle, "find", <fully_qualified_path_to_folder>, NULL, NULL, 0);

 

If lpOperation is NULL, the function opens the file specified by lpFile. If lpOperation is "open" or "explore", the function attempts to open or explore the folder.

To obtain information about the application that is launched as a result of calling ShellExecute, use ShellExecuteEx.

Note  The Launch folder windows in a separate process setting in Folder Options affects ShellExecute. If that option is disabled (the default setting), ShellExecute uses an open Explorer window rather than launch a new one. If no Explorer window is open, ShellExecute launches a new one.

Windows 95/98/Me: ShellExecute is supported by the Microsoft Layer for Unicode. To use this, you must add certain files to your application, as outlined in Microsoft Layer for Unicode on Windows Me/98/95 Systems.

Function Information

Minimum DLL Versionshell32.dll version 3.51 or laterCustom ImplementationNoHeadershellapi.hImport libraryshell32.libMinimum operating systemsWindows NT 3.1, Windows 95UnicodeImplemented as ANSI and Unicode versions.

 

部分翻译如下：

 

对指定文件(文件夹)进行某项操作(打开，编辑，打印等等)。

函数原型：

HINSTANCE ShellExecute( HWND hwnd
,

                    
    LPCTSTR lpOperation
,

                    
    LPCTSTR lpFile
,

                    
    LPCTSTR lpParameters
,

                    
    LPCTSTR lpDirectory
,

                    
    INT nShowCmd
);

参数:

hwnd

[in] 指向所从属的window的句柄。如果这个操作与其他的window没有什么关系，值可以为NULL。

lpOperation

[in] A pointer to anull-terminated string, referred to in this case as a verb, that

字符串指针，指向以NULL为终结符的字符串。指明对这个文件所进行的操作。操作的集合取决于文件的类型。比如说对文件和文件夹的操作是不一样的。一般来说，在一个文件或文件夹的右键菜单里可进行的操作都是支持的。常见的有：

edit

启动编辑程序来编辑文件。如果传进去的对象不是文件，则函数会失败。

 

lpFile

     指定的文件名。



lpParameters

     指定的参数



lpDirectory

     工作路径



nShowCmd



      窗口的显示模式。



而system()函数是c语言运行库里的函数，用于在程序中执行系统命令。凡事在cmd模式下可以运行的命令，都可以用来做system的参数。



显而易见的，shellexcute和system的用途是不一样的。system用于执行cmd命令，而shellexcute只是对文件和文件夹执行某些动作。