printf画的俄罗斯方块(linux异步I/O,C++)

这个方块游戏是用linux终端的光标控制、颜色设置做的

(添了个功能，字母P暂停、恢复游戏)
用 A S D W 控制移动、转向，空格键下坠到底；
对POSIX线程简单封装一下；

 

（另，为避免闪烁，我故意忽略了锁保护curx，cury。实际上，加了posix读写锁，也不闪烁，除了按空格下坠时略有延迟。）

 

 

 

 

 

#include <memory>#include <cstdio>#include "Tetris.h"#include "TtyAuto.h"static void Instruction(){// 一些说明性文字printf("/033[2J");printf("/033[4;34;47m%s/033[0m", "/t/t/tYou can use the key 'A','S','D','W' to control the block./n/n/t/t/tPress space key make the block down to bottom./n/n/t/t/t'P' to pause the game./n/n");printf("/033[5;34;41m%s/033[0m", "/t/t/tPRESS ANY KEY TO START GAME.../n/n" );getchar();}int main(int ac, char *av[]){std::auto_ptr<TtyAuto> autoAdjustTty(TtyAuto::Instance());Instruction();// 游戏开始Tetris game;game.Start();game.Join();printf("/r/t/t/t/t/t/r");return 0;}

 

 

 

#ifndef BERT_THREAD_H#define BERT_THREAD_H#include <pthread.h>class Runnable{public:virtual ~Runnable() { }virtual void Run() = 0;};class Thread: public Runnable{// 本线程IDpthread_t m_tid;// 是否在运行的标志bool m_running;//线程函数，内部调用runstatic void * _ThreadFunc(void * );public:Thread();// 睡眠 秒static unsigned int Sleep( unsigned int seconds);// 睡眠毫秒static unsigned int MSleep( unsigned int mSeconds);// 启动线程bool Start() ;// 等待本线程运行完void Join() const;//是否在运行bool IsAlive() const { return m_running; }// 终止线程运行void Stop() { m_running = false; }};#endif

 

 

#include <unistd.h>#include <cstdlib>#include <cstdio>#include "Thread.h"Thread::Thread( ) : m_running(false){}void * Thread::_ThreadFunc(void* pArg){Thread* pThread = (Thread*) pArg;pThread->m_running = true;srand(time(NULL));pThread->Run();::pthread_exit(NULL);return NULL;}unsigned int Thread::Sleep( unsigned int seconds){return ::sleep(seconds);}unsigned int Thread::MSleep( unsigned int mSeconds){return ::usleep(mSeconds * 1000U);}bool Thread::Start(){if ( !m_running){if ( ::pthread_create(&m_tid, NULL, _ThreadFunc, this ) )return false;}return true;}void Thread::Join() const{::pthread_join(m_tid, NULL);}

 

 

#ifndef BERT_TETRIS_H#define BERT_TETRIS_H#include <bitset>#include <aio.h>#include "Thread.h"// 一个用printf做的linux俄罗斯方块class Tetris : public Thread{public:Tetris();~Tetris();private:enum BOARD_T{TYPE_BLANK = 0, //空白TYPE_BLOCK, //阻挡TYPE_BORDER,//边界TYPE_MAX = 3,};// 游戏背景,尺寸static const int HEIGHT = 26;static const int WIDTH = 16;BOARD_T m_board[HEIGHT][WIDTH] ;// 当前活动方块的坐标volatile int m_curx, m_cury;// 当前活动方块的样式及翻转形状int m_curstyle;int m_curpos;// 当前活动方块的颜色int m_curcolor ;// 玩家当前得分和等级unsigned int m_score;unsigned short m_level;static const unsigned short MAXLEVEL = 9;// 一个方块的定义typedef std::bitset<16> Block;// 方块的样式种类static const unsigned short STYLE_MAX = 7;// 当前活动方块与下一个方块Block m_activeBlock, m_nextBlock;// 现在是否有活动方块?volatile bool m_active;// 游戏暂停？volatile bool m_pause;// 方块样式预定义static const unsigned short _styles_[STYLE_MAX][4] ;static Block styles[STYLE_MAX][4];// 初始化方块样式void InitStyles();// 显示分数void DrawScore();// 显示等级void DrawLevel();// 显示下一个方块void DrawNext();// 异步IO,完成显示和响应键盘的功能struct aiocb m_cb;static const int SIZE = 16;char m_inputBuf[SIZE];friend void AioHandler(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void * context);// 初始化背景数据void InitBackground();// 绘制游戏画面void Paint(int srcx = 0, int dstx = HEIGHT);// 判断方块是否与阻挡或边界冲突bool IsCollide();// 消行，并返回削去的行数(0-4)int RemoveLines();// 判断line行是否为空bool IsEmptyLine(int line);// 根据消行，返回应得分数static const unsigned short bonus[5];// 达到相应等级所需要的分数;10-levelsstatic const unsigned int levels[10];// 根据得分，计算等级static unsigned short GetLevel(unsigned int score);// 线程函数，游戏逻辑virtual void Run();};#endif

 

 

#include <cstdio>#include <cassert>#include <cstring>#include <cstdlib>#include <signal.h>#include <termios.h>#include <sys/ioctl.h>#include <errno.h>#include "Tetris.h"// 清除屏幕#define CLEAR() printf("/033[2J")// 上移光标#define MOVEUP(x) printf("/033[%dA", (x))// 下移光标#define MOVEDOWN(x) printf("/033[%dB", (x))// 左移光标#define MOVELEFT(y) printf("/033[%dD", (y))// 右移光标#define MOVERIGHT(y) printf("/033[%dC",(y))// 定位光标#define MOVETO(x,y) printf("/033[%d;%dH", (x), (y))// 光标复位#define RESET_CURSOR() printf("/033[H")// 隐藏光标#defineHIDE_CURSOR() printf("/033[?25l")// 显示光标#defineSHOW_CURSOR() printf("/033[?25h")// 画背景#define DRAW_BLANK() printf("/033[1;31;40m%s/033[0m",". " )// 画阻挡#define DRAW_BLOCK() printf("/033[7m/033[1;37;40m%s/033[0m", "[]" )// 画活动方块#define DRAW_ACTIVE_BLOCK() printf("/033[7m/033[1;%d;40m%s/033[0m",m_curcolor, "[]" )// 画边界#define DRAW_BORDER() printf("/033[1;33;43m%s/033[0m", "||" )// 随机获得一种颜色#define GET_COLOR() (rand()%6 + 31)const int Tetris::HEIGHT;const int Tetris::WIDTH;const int Tetris::SIZE;const unsigned short Tetris::STYLE_MAX;Tetris::Block Tetris::styles[STYLE_MAX][4];const unsigned short Tetris::MAXLEVEL;const unsigned short Tetris::bonus[5] = {0, 100, 300, 600, 1000};const unsigned int Tetris::levels[MAXLEVEL+1] = {0, 200, 600, 1200, 2000, 3000, 4200,5600, 7200, 9000};//const unsigned int Tetris::levels[MAXLEVEL+1] = {0, 2000, 6000, 12000, 20000, 30000, 42000,56000, 72000, 90000};const unsigned short Tetris::_styles_[STYLE_MAX][4] = {{0x000f, 0x4444, 0x000f, 0x4444},{0x004e, 0x0464, 0x00e4, 0x04c4},{0x0462, 0x006c, 0x0462, 0x006c},{0x0264, 0x00c6, 0x0264, 0x00c6},{0x0622, 0x0017, 0x0223, 0x0074},{0x0644, 0x00e2, 0x044c, 0x008e},{0x0066, 0x0066, 0x0066, 0x0066},};unsigned short Tetris::GetLevel(unsigned int m_score ){int low = 0, high = MAXLEVEL;int mid;while ( true ){mid = (low + high ) / 2;if ( m_score >= levels[mid]){if ( mid==MAXLEVEL || m_score < levels[mid+1])return mid;elselow = mid + 1;}else//不可能是mid等级 {assert(mid>0);high = mid - 1;}}}Tetris::Tetris() : m_score(0), m_level(0), m_active(false), m_pause(false){memset(&m_cb, 0, sizeof(m_cb));InitStyles();InitBackground();HIDE_CURSOR();}Tetris::~Tetris(){SHOW_CURSOR();}void Tetris::InitStyles(){for ( int i=0; i<STYLE_MAX; ++i){for ( int j=0; j<4; ++j){styles[i][j] = _styles_[i][j];}}}void Tetris::InitBackground(){for ( int i=0; i<HEIGHT; ++i)for( int j=0; j<WIDTH; ++j){if ( i==0 || j==0 || i==HEIGHT-1 || j==WIDTH-1)m_board[i][j] = TYPE_BORDER;elsem_board[i][j] = TYPE_BLANK;}}void Tetris::Paint(int srcx, int dstx){if ( dstx > HEIGHT )dstx = HEIGHT-1;int m_curx = this->m_curx, m_cury = this->m_cury;for ( int i=srcx; i<dstx; ++i){for ( int j=0; j<WIDTH; ++j){if ( m_board[i][j] == TYPE_BORDER ){DRAW_BORDER();continue;}if ( m_active && i>=m_curx && i<m_curx+4 && j>=m_cury && j<m_cury+4 ){if ( m_board[i][j] == TYPE_BLANK && m_activeBlock[(i-m_curx)*4 + j-m_cury] == TYPE_BLANK )DRAW_BLANK();else DRAW_ACTIVE_BLOCK();}else{if ( m_board[i][j] == TYPE_BLOCK )DRAW_BLOCK();elseDRAW_BLANK();}}printf("/n");}}void Tetris::DrawScore(){MOVETO(2, 2*WIDTH+2);printf("/033[7m/033[1;33;46m");printf(" SCORE: ");printf("/033[1;37;40m %-8u", m_score);printf("/033[0m");}void Tetris::DrawLevel(){MOVETO(6, 2*WIDTH+2);printf("/033[7m/033[1;34;43m");printf(" LEVEL: ");printf("/033[1;31;42m %-8u", m_level+1);//不显等级0printf("/033[0m");}void Tetris::DrawNext(){MOVETO(11, 2*WIDTH+2);printf("/033[1;34;43m/tNEXT:/033[0m");MOVELEFT(5);MOVEDOWN(2);for ( int i=0; i<16; ++i){if ( m_nextBlock[i] )DRAW_BLOCK();elseDRAW_BLANK();if ( (i+1)%4 == 0 ){MOVELEFT(8);MOVEDOWN(1);}}}bool Tetris::IsCollide(){int m_curx = this->m_curx, m_cury = this->m_cury;for ( int i=m_curx; i<m_curx+4; ++i)for ( int j=m_cury; j<m_cury+4; ++j)if ( m_board[i][j] && m_activeBlock[(i-m_curx) * 4 + j-m_cury]) return true;return false;}bool Tetris::IsEmptyLine(int line){for ( int j=1; j<WIDTH-1; ++j)if ( m_board[line][j] != TYPE_BLANK )return false;return true;}int Tetris::RemoveLines(){int nLines = 0 ;bool full;for ( int i=HEIGHT-2; i>0; --i){full = true;for ( int j=1; j<WIDTH-1; ++j)if ( m_board[i][j] == TYPE_BLANK ){full = false;break;}if ( full ){++nLines;int k, m;for ( k=i-1; k>0 && !IsEmptyLine(k); --k)for ( m=1; m<WIDTH-1; ++m)m_board[k+1][m] = m_board[k][m];// 消行了，k行一定为空assert ( k>=0 && IsEmptyLine(k) );for ( m=1; m<WIDTH-1; ++m)m_board[k+1][m] = TYPE_BLANK;++i;}}return nLines;}void AioHandler(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void * context){Tetris * game = (Tetris *)info->si_value.sival_ptr;struct aiocb *pcb = &(game->m_cb);assert( !aio_error(pcb) && "aio_handler error" );int nbytes = aio_return(pcb);int nread = -1;enum{INVALID = -1,ESC = 27,QUOTE = 91,} dirFlag = INVALID;enum{UP = 0,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT,SPACE,P,} operations[16];int idx = -1;if ( !game->m_active)goto end;// translate and store the operationswhile ( ++nread < nbytes ){int ch = game->m_inputBuf[nread];switch(ch){case ESC:if ( dirFlag == INVALID )dirFlag = ESC;break;case QUOTE:if ( dirFlag == ESC )dirFlag = QUOTE;break;case 'a':case 68: // left may be Dif ( ch == 68 ){ if ( dirFlag == QUOTE ) operations[++idx] = LEFT; else operations[++idx] = RIGHT; // just D}else if ( ch == 'a' || ch == 'A')operations[++idx] = LEFT;break;case 's':case 'S':case 66: // downif ( ch == 66 && dirFlag == QUOTE )operations[++idx] = DOWN;else if ( ch == 's' || ch == 's')operations[++idx] = DOWN;break;case 'd':case 67: // rightif ( ch == 67 && dirFlag == QUOTE )operations[++idx] = RIGHT;else if ( ch == 'd' || ch == 'D')operations[++idx] = RIGHT;break;case 'w':case 'W': // upcase 65: // maybe Aif ( ch == 65 ) {if ( dirFlag == QUOTE )operations[++idx] = UP;elseoperations[++idx] = LEFT; // A}elseoperations[++idx] = UP;break;case ' ':operations[++idx] = SPACE;break;case 'p':case 'P':operations[++idx] = P;break;default:break;}}// do operationsfor ( int i = 0; i <= idx; ++i){switch(operations[i]){case LEFT:{if ( game-> m_pause )break;--game->m_cury;if ( game->IsCollide() )++game->m_cury;else{MOVETO(game->m_curx+1, 0);game->Paint(game->m_curx, game->m_curx+4);}}break;case DOWN:if ( game-> m_pause )break;++game->m_curx;if ( game->IsCollide( ) )--game->m_curx;else{MOVETO(game->m_curx, 0 );game->Paint(game->m_curx-1, game->m_curx+4 );break;}break;case RIGHT: if ( game-> m_pause )break;++game->m_cury;if ( game->IsCollide( ) )--game->m_cury;else{MOVETO(game->m_curx+1, 0);game->Paint(game->m_curx, game->m_curx+4);}break;case UP:{if ( game-> m_pause )break;Tetris::Block saveblock = game->m_activeBlock;int savedpos = game->m_curpos;game->m_curpos = (game->m_curpos + 1) % 4;game->m_activeBlock = game->styles[game->m_curstyle][game->m_curpos];if ( game->IsCollide( ) ){game->m_curpos = savedpos;game->m_activeBlock = saveblock;}else{MOVETO(game->m_curx+1, 0);game->Paint(game->m_curx, game->m_curx+4);}}break;case SPACE:{if ( game-> m_pause )break;int oldx = game->m_curx;// 提高效率，一次移两行while ( !game->IsCollide() )game->m_curx += 2;if ( game->IsCollide() ){--game->m_curx;if ( game->IsCollide() )--game->m_curx;}if ( oldx == game->m_curx )break;if ( game->m_curx - oldx < 4){MOVETO(oldx+1, 0);game->Paint(oldx, game->m_curx+4);}else{MOVETO(oldx+1, 0);game->Paint(oldx, oldx+4);MOVETO(game->m_curx+1, 0);game->Paint(game->m_curx, game->m_curx+4);}}break;case P:game->m_pause = !game->m_pause;break;default:break;}}end:int ret = aio_read(pcb);assert ( ret==0 && "aio_read error!!!");return;}void Tetris::Run(){sigset_t mask;sigemptyset(&mask);sigaddset(&mask, SIGRTMAX);int ret = pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);assert( ret==0 && "pthread_mask failed!");struct sigaction st;sigemptyset(&st.sa_mask);st.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;st.sa_handler = reinterpret_cast<void (*)(int)>(AioHandler);sigaction(SIGRTMAX, &st, NULL);m_cb.aio_fildes = STDIN_FILENO;m_cb.aio_offset = 0;m_cb.aio_buf = m_inputBuf;m_cb.aio_nbytes = 16;m_cb.aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = SIGEV_SIGNAL;m_cb.aio_sigevent.sigev_signo = SIGRTMAX;m_cb.aio_sigevent.sigev_value.sival_ptr = (void *)this;ret = aio_read(&m_cb);assert ( ret==0 && "aio_read error!!!");CLEAR();RESET_CURSOR();Paint();DrawScore();DrawLevel();//预先产生一个方块int next = rand()%7;m_nextBlock = styles[next][0];unsigned int interval = 550;while ( true ){MSleep(interval);if ( m_pause )continue;if ( !m_active ) {m_activeBlock = m_nextBlock;m_curstyle = next;m_curcolor = GET_COLOR();m_active = true;m_curpos = 0;next = rand()%7;m_nextBlock = styles[next][0];//画下一个方块DrawNext();m_curx = 1;m_cury = WIDTH/2 - 2;if ( IsCollide( ) ){return; //GAME OVER}MOVETO(m_curx+1, 0);Paint(m_curx, m_curx+4);}else{++m_curx;if ( !IsCollide() ){MOVETO(m_curx, 0);Paint(m_curx-1, m_curx+4 );}else{--m_curx;for ( int i=m_curx; i<m_curx+4; ++i)for( int j=m_cury; j<m_cury+4; ++j){if ( m_activeBlock[(i-m_curx)*4 + j-m_cury] )m_board[i][j] = TYPE_BLOCK;}m_active = false;m_activeBlock = 0;//判断是否得分int n = RemoveLines();if ( n != 0 ){m_score += bonus[n];DrawScore();int newlevel = GetLevel(m_score);if ( newlevel > this->m_level){this->m_level = newlevel;DrawLevel();interval = 550 - this->m_level * 50;if ( interval < 120 )interval = 120;}MOVETO(2,0);Paint(1, m_curx+4);}else{MOVETO(m_curx+1, 0);Paint(m_curx, m_curx+4 );}}}}return;}

 

 

#ifndef BERT_SINGLETON_H#define BERT_SINGLETON_Htemplate <typename T>class Singleton{protected:Singleton() {}~Singleton() {}static T * sm_Instance;public:static T * Instance(){return sm_Instance;}static void DelInstance(){delete sm_Instance;sm_Instance = NULL;}};template <typename T>T * Singleton<T>::sm_Instance= new T;#endif

 

 

#ifndef BERT_TTYAUTO_H#define BERT_TTYAUTO_H#include <unistd.h>#include <termios.h>#include <sys/ioctl.h>#include "Singleton.h"class TtyAuto : public Singleton<TtyAuto>{friend class Singleton<TtyAuto>;friend class std::auto_ptr<TtyAuto>;struct termios m_state;private:// 构造函数,自动设置非缓冲，非回显模式TtyAuto(){tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &m_state);m_state.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;m_state.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &m_state);}// 析构函数,自动恢复缓冲，回显模式~TtyAuto(){m_state.c_lflag |= ICANON;m_state.c_lflag |= ECHO;tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &m_state);}};#endif