RMAN恢复

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一、恢复数据库：
恢复数据库：
run {
  startup force mount;
  restore database;
  recover database;
  sql 'alter database open';
}

恢复数据库（磁盘损坏）
run {
  startup force mount;
  set newname for datafile 1 to '';
  set newname for datafile 2 to '';
  set newname for datafile 3 to '';
  ...
  restore database;
  switch datafile all;
  recover database;
  sql 'alter database open';
}

二、恢复数据文件
恢复system表空间数据文件
run {
  startup force mount;
  restore datafile 1;
  recover datafile 1;
  sql 'alter database open';
}

恢复system表空间数据文件（磁盘损坏)
run {
  startup force mount;
  set newname for datafile 1 to '';
  restore datafile 1;
  switch datafile 1;
  recover datafile 1;
  sql 'alter database open';
}

数据文件丢失（非system表空间）
run {
  startup force mount;
  sql 'alter database datafile 4 offile';
  sql 'alter database open';
  restore datafile 4;
  recover datafile 4;
  sql 'alter database datafile 4 online';
}

数据文件丢失且磁盘损坏（非system表空间）
run {
  startup force mount;
  sql 'alter database datafile 4 offline';
  sql 'alter database open';
  set newname for datafile 4 to '';
  restore datafile 4;
  switch datafile 4;
  recover datafile 4;
  sql 'alter database datafile 4 online';
}

数据文件没有备份,但archivelog全部完好
run {
  startup force mount;
  sql 'alter database datafile 7 offline';
  sql 'alter database open';
  restore datafile 7;
  recover datafile 7;
  sql 'alter database datafile 7 online';
}

数据文件损坏
run {
  startup force mount;
  sql 'alter database datafile 7 offline';
  sql 'alter database open';
  set newname for datafile 7 to '';
  restore datafile 7;
  switch datafile 7;
  recover datafile 7;
  sql 'alter database datafile 7 online';
}

三、恢复表空间
表空间数据文件被删除
  run {
   sql 'alter tablespace users offline for recover';
   restore tablespace users;
   recover tablespace users;
   sql 'alter tablespace users online';
  }

表空间数据文件所在磁盘出现故障
  run {
   sql 'alter tablesapce users offline for recover';
   set newname for datafile 4 to '';
   restore tablespace users;
   switch datafile all;
   recover tablespace users;
   sql 'alter tablespace users online';
  }

四、数据块介质恢复
blockrecover device type disk datafile 5 block 21,48,..;

五、不完全恢复
--基于时间的恢复
run {
  startup force mount;
  set until time='2010-10-30 17:00:28';
  restore database;
  recover database;
  sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
}

--基于日志序列号
run {
  startup force mount;
  set until sequence=6;
  restore database;
  recover database;
  sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
}

--基于scn
run {
  startup force mount;
  set until scn=51141378;
  restore database;
  recover database;
  sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
}

不完全恢复后需要及时做备份
run {
  delete noprompt backup;
  delete noprompt copy;
  backup database format='';
  sql 'alter system archive log current';
}

startup force mount;
set dbid=3267878421;
restore controlfile from autobackup maxseq 6;
基于备份控制文件的不完全恢复
run {
  sql 'alter database mount';
  set until time='2010-10-30 17:00:28';
  restore database;
  recover database;
  sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
}