NS2 进行无线模拟时调用的类和函数

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把一个tcl脚本中可以显式看到的类和函数写了出来,还有很多地方不是很理解,如果有人帮忙解答或改错,感激不尽

我的想法:

一般的方法都是在C++中定义的, OTcl一般通过unknown{},cmd{},调用C++的comand{},然后在调用到C++的方法; 而直接在Otcl中定义方法的情况比较少见,但也不是没有

几点疑问:

很多tcl中的类没有类声明,我猜可能是隐藏了或运行时自动生成

Node label方法我找了很久, 找不到是如何调用C++的,在command中找不到,只在net-interface.cc中看到有关”label”的command()

关于调用父类同名函数的问题,是否需要显式的把调用父类的代码写出来,比如$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1,我是在Application类中找到的command()函数中有相关的代码,而在Application/Traffic/CBR和Application/Traffic中都没有command()函数,NS是否会自己向上代用

感想:

NS代码很多,对于一个学习的人来说理解起来很困难,我现在大概知道了tcl脚本运行时的流程,不过要进行内部协议和代码的编写还有一定困难,主要是对接口API了解不多以及NS的技术手册不可能写的很详细(东西太多了),只有针对要研究的方向,读相关的代码.

举例说明《移动IP技术与NS-2模拟》

9.2.2 无线网络中的UDP模拟Page 101

set val(proc) Propagation/TwoRayGround

set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy

set val(mac) Mac/802_11

set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

set val(ll) LL

set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna

set val(ifqlen) 50

set val(rp) DSDV

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

#类 Class Simulator 方法 Simulator instproc init args

#我没有找到解释层次的Simulator类,只在ns-lib.tcl的Line128看到”#Class Simulator”

##Class Simulator

#...

#Simulator instproc init args {}

#C++

#Simulator.{h.cc}

#类class Simulator 类 class SimulatorClass 方法 Simulator()

#class Simulator : public TclObject {}

#static class SimulatorClass : public TclClass {

#public:

# SimulatorClass() : TclClass("Simulator") {}

# TclObject* create(int argc, const char*const* argv) {

# return (new Simulator);

# }

#} simulator_class;

# Simulator() : nodelist_(NULL), rtobject_(NULL), nn_(0), /

# size_(0) {}

set ns_ [new Simulator]

#tcl

#找不到

#C++

#topography.{h.cc}

#类 class Topography 类 class TopographyClass 方法 Topography()

#class Topography : public TclObject {}

#static class TopographyClass : public TclClass {

#public:

# TopographyClass() : TclClass("Topography") {}

# TclObject* create(int, const char*const*) {

# return (new Topography);

# }

#} class_topography;

# Topography() { maxX = maxY = grid_resolution = 0.0; grid = 0; }

set topo [new Topography]

#tcl

# topography.cc

#Otcl的类是小于C++的类,这个tcl的实现是用unknown{},cmd{},command{}实现的

#int

#Topography::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# …

# else if(argc == 4) {

# if(strcmp(argv[1], "load_flatgrid") == 0) {

# if(load_flatgrid(atoi(argv[2]), atoi(argv[3])))

# return TCL_ERROR;

# return TCL_OK;

# }

# else if(argc == 5) {

# if(strcmp(argv[1], "load_flatgrid") == 0) {

# if(load_flatgrid(atoi(argv[2]), atoi(argv[3]), atoi(argv[4])))

# return TCL_ERROR;

# return TCL_OK;

# }

# return TclObject::command(argc, argv);

#C++

#topography.{h.cc}

#方法 load_flatgrid ()

#int

#Topography::load_flatgrid(int x, int y, int res)

# /* No Reason to malloc a grid */

# grid_resolution = res; // default is 1 meter

# maxX = (double) x;

# maxY = (double) y;

# return 0;

$topo load_flatgrid 700 700

set f [open 2-2.tr w]

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

# 方法 trace-all

#Simulator instproc trace-all file {

# $self instvar traceAllFile_

# set traceAllFile_ $file

#C++无

$ns_ trace-all $f

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

# 方法 eventtrace-all

#Simulator instproc eventtrace-all {{file ""}} {

# $self instvar eventTraceAll_ eventtraceAllFile_ traceAllFile_

# set eventTraceAll_ 1

# if {$file != ""} {

# set eventtraceAllFile_ $file

# } else {

# set eventtraceAllFile_ $traceAllFile_

# }

#C++无

$ns_ eventtrace-all

set nf [open 2-2.nam w]

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

# 方法 namtrace-all-wireless 和 namtrace-all

#Simulator instproc namtrace-all-wireless {file optx opty} {

# $self instvar namtraceAllFile_

# # indicate that we need a W event written to the trace

# $self set namNeedsW_ 1

# if { $optx != "" && $opty != "" } {

# $self set namWx_ $optx

# $self set namWy_ $opty

# }

# $self namtrace-all $file

#Simulator instproc namtrace-all file {

# $self instvar namtraceAllFile_

# if {$file != ""} {

# set namtraceAllFile_ $file

# } else {

# unset namtraceAllFile_

# }

#C++无

$ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $nf

#tcl

#com.tcl

#类 Class God 方法 create-god{}

##Class God

#proc create-god { nodes } {

# #global ns_ god_ tracefd

# set god [God info instances]

# if { $god == "" } {

# set god [new God]

# }

# $god num_nodes $nodes

# return $god

#C++

#god.{h,cc}

#类 class God 类 class GodClass

#数值2通过com.tcl中的num_nodes传给god.cc中的int num_nodes

# class God : public BiConnector {}

# static class GodClass : public TclClass {

#public:

# GodClass() : TclClass("God") {}

# TclObject* create(int, const char*const*) {

# return (new God);

# }

#} class_God;

create-god 2

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

#方法 node-config

#Simulator instproc node-config args {

# …

# set args [eval $self init-vars $args]

# ...

#C++

#没有或者我不知道,我觉得是把每个变量的值用变量绑定的用法传给对应的C++中的变量

$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp)/

-llType $val(ll)/

-macType $val(mac)/

-ifqType $val(ifq)/

-ifqLen $val(ifqlen)/

-antType $val(ant)/

-propType $val(prop)/

-phyType $val(netif)/

-channelType Channel/WirelessChannel/

-topoInstance $topo/

-agentTrace ON/

-routerTrace OFF/

-macTrace ON/

-movementTrace OFF

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl; ns-mobilenode.tcl

#方法 node; create-wireless-node; create-node-instance 类 Node/MobileNode 方法 init

# Simulator instproc node args {

# …

# # wireless-ready node

# if { [info exists routingAgent_] && ($routingAgent_ != "") } {

# set node [eval $self create-wireless-node $args]

# …

# return $node

# }

# …

# Simulator instproc create-wireless-node args{

# …

# set node [eval $self create-node-instance $args]

# …

# Simulator instproc create-node-instance args {

# …

# else {

# set nodeclass Node/MobileNode

# }

# return [eval new $nodeclass $args]

#Node/MobileNode instproc init args {

# …

# eval $self next $args

# …

#C++

#mobilenode.{h,cc}

#类 class MobileNode 类 class MobileNodeClass 方法 MobileNode(void)

# class MobileNode : public Node {}

# static class MobileNodeClass : public TclClass {

#public:

# MobileNodeClass() : TclClass("Node/MobileNode") {}

# TclObject* create(int, const char*const*) {

# return (new MobileNode);

# }

#} class_mobilenode;

# MobileNode::MobileNode(void) : pos_handle_(this){}

set node_(0) [$ns_ node]

set node_(1) [$ns_ node]

#tcl

#在tcl中没有label方法,然后我去查看对应的C++中的command方法,但是没有查到,凭感觉#是调用C++中的Node::label(),不过没有找到如何使Node::label()运行的command方法

#C++

#node.cc

#方法 label()

#void

#Node::label(const char* name, int anchor) {

# delete []label_;

# label_ = new char[strlen(name) + 1];

# strcpy(label_, name);

# anchor_ = anchor;

$node_(0) label "Node 0"

$node_(0) set X_ 10.0

$node_(0) set Y_ 10.0

$node_(0) set Z_ 0.0

$node_(1) label "Node 1"

$node_(1) set X_ 600.0

$node_(1) set Y_ 600.0

$node_(1) set Z_ 0.0

#tcl

#找不到

#C++

#udp.{h,cc}

#类 class UdpAgent 类 class UdpAgentClass 方法 UdpAgent(){}

# class UdpAgent : public Agent {}

#static class UdpAgentClass : public TclClass {

#public:

# UdpAgentClass() : TclClass("Agent/UDP") {}

# TclObject* create(int, const char*const*) {

# return (new UdpAgent());

# }

#} class_udp_agent;

#UdpAgent::UdpAgent() : Agent(PT_UDP), seqno_(-1)

# bind("packetSize_", &size_);

set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]

#tcl

#ns-agent.tcl

#类 Class Agent/Null 方法 Agent/Null instproc init args{}

# Class Agent/Null -superclass Agent

#Agent/Null instproc init args {

# eval $self next $args

#C++

#没有,Otcl中的Agent/Null 继承于Agent,调用C++中类Agent的初始化

set null1 [new Agent/Null]

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl, ns-node.tcl

#方法 attach-agent{} 方法attach{} 方法 add-target

# Simulator instproc attach-agent { node agent } {

# $node attach $agent

# …

#Node instproc attach { agent { port "" } } {

# …

# $self add-target $agent $port

# Node instproc add-target { agent port } {}

#C++

#没有

$ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $udp1

$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $null1

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

#方法 connect{} 方法 simplex-connect{}

#Simulator instproc connect {src dst} {

# …

# $self simplex-connect $src $dst

# $self simplex-connect $dst $src

# …

#Simulator instproc simplex-connect { src dst } {

# …

# return $src

#C++

#没有

$ns_ connect $udp1 $null1

#tcl

#找不到

#C++

#cbr_traffic.{h,cc}

#类 class CBR_Traffic 类 class CBRTrafficClass 方法 CBR_Traffic()

# class CBR_Traffic : public TrafficGenerator {}

#static class CBRTrafficClass : public TclClass {

# public:

# CBRTrafficClass() : TclClass("Application/Traffic/CBR") {}

# TclObject* create(int, const char*const*) {

# return (new CBR_Traffic());

# }

#} class_cbr_traffic;

#CBR_Traffic::CBR_Traffic() : seqno_(0)

# bind_bw("rate_", &rate_);

# bind("random_", &random_);

# bind("packetSize_", &size_);

# bind("maxpkts_", &maxpkts_);

set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

#tcl

#ns-source.tcl

# 方法Application/Traffic/CBR instproc set args{}, Application/Traffic instproc set args{}

# Application/Traffic/CBR instproc set args {

# $self instvar packetSize_ rate_

# if { [lindex $args 0] == "interval_" } {

# if { [llength $args] == 2 } {

# set ns_ [Simulator instance]

# set interval_ [$ns_ delay_parse [lindex $args 1]]

# $self set rate_ [expr $packetSize_ * 8.0/$interval_]

# return

# } elseif { [llength $args] == 1 } {

# return [expr $packetSize_ * 8.0/$rate_]

# }

# eval $self next $args

#Application/Traffic instproc set args {

# $self instvar packetSize_ rate_

# if { [lindex $args 0] == "packet_size_" } {

# if { [llength $args] == 2 } {

# set packetSize_ [lindex $args 1]

# return

# } elseif { [llength $args] == 1 } {

# return $packetSize_

# }

##应该还会继续调用父类方法,可是我找不到Application instproc set args{}

# eval $self next $args

#C++

#没有

$cbr1 set rate_ 0.5Mb

$cbr1 set packetSize_ 200

#tcl

#app.cc

#通过unknown{},cmd{},command{}实现的

#int Application::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# …

# else if (argc == 3) {

# if (strcmp(argv[1], "attach-agent") == 0) {

# agent_ = (Agent*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);

# if (agent_ == 0) {

# tcl.resultf("no such agent %s", argv[2]);

# return(TCL_ERROR);

# }

# agent_->attachApp(this);

# return(TCL_OK);

# }

# …

# }

# return (Process::command(argc, argv));

#C++

#tclcl.h

#方法 TclObject::lookup(),Tcl::instance().lookup(), …, Tcl::lookup()

# inline static TclObject* lookup(const char* name) {

# return (Tcl::instance().lookup(name));

# }

# TclObject* Tcl::lookup(const char* name)

# /*XXX use tcl hash table */

# Tcl_HashEntry* he = Tcl_FindHashEntry(&objs_, (char*)name);

# if (he != 0)

# return ((TclObject*)Tcl_GetHashValue(he));

# return (0);

$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

#方法 Simulator instproc at args{}

# Simulator instproc at args {

# $self instvar scheduler_

# return [eval $scheduler_ at $args]

#C++

#没有

#tcl

#app.cc

#通过unknown{},cmd{},command{}实现的

# int Application::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# Tcl& tcl = Tcl::instance();

# if (argc == 2) {

# if (strcmp(argv[1], "start") == 0) {

# // enableRecv_ only if recv() exists in Tcl

# tcl.evalf("[%s info class] info instprocs", name_);

# char result[1024];

# sprintf(result, " %s ", tcl.result());

# enableRecv_ = (strstr(result, " recv ") != 0);

# enableResume_ = (strstr(result, " resume ") != 0);

# start();

# return (TCL_OK);

# }

# …

# }

# …

# return (Process::command(argc, argv));

#C++

#app.cc

#方法start()

# void Application::start(){}

# void CBR_Traffic::start()

# init();

# running_ = 1;

# timeout();

$ns_ at 5.0 "$cbr1 start"

#tcl

#ns-node.tcl

#方法reset{}, list-modules {}

#Node instproc reset {} {

# $self instvar agents_

# foreach a $agents_ {

# $a reset

# }

# foreach m [$self list-modules] {

# $m reset

# }

#Node instproc list-modules {} {

# $self instvar reg_module_

# set ret ""

# foreach n [array names reg_module_] {

# lappend ret $reg_module_($n)

# }

# return $ret

#C++

#有可能调用agent instproc reset 若没有, 则调用class agent的command(), 不过我找了这两#个地方没找到,所以我觉得有可能要看是具体哪个agent,然后调用agent的子类的#command()

$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(0) reset"

$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(1) reset"

#tcl

#mobilenode.cc

#通过unknown{},cmd{},command{}实现的

#int

#MobileNode::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# …

# else if (argc == 5) {

# if (strcmp(argv[1], "setdest") == 0) {

# /* <mobilenode> setdest <X> <Y> <speed> */

##ifdef DEBUG

# fprintf(stderr, "%d - %s: calling set_destination()/n",

# address_, __FUNCTION__);

##endif

# if (set_destination(atof(argv[2]), atof(argv[3]),

# atof(argv[4])) < 0)

# return TCL_ERROR;

# return TCL_OK;

# }

# return Node::command(argc, argv);

#C++

#mobilenode.cc

#方法 MobileNode::set_destination()

#int

MobileNode::set_destination(double x, double y, double s)

{

assert(initialized());

if(x >= T_->upperX() || x <= T_->lowerX())

return -1;

if(y >= T_->upperY() || y <= T_->lowerY())

return -1;

update_position(); // figure out where we are now

destX_ = x;

destY_ = y;

speed_ = s;

…

return 0;

}

$ns_ at 0.6 "$node_(0) setdest 300.0 250.0 60.0"

$ns_ at 1.1 "$node_(1) setdest 300.0 300.0 60.0"

$ns_ at 40 "$node_(0) setdest 600.0 600.0 20.0"

$ns_ at 40.1 "$node_(1) setdest 100.0 100.0 20.0"

$ns_ at 50.0 "finish"

#tcl

#ns-lib.tcl

# 方法Simulator instproc halt {}

#Simulator instproc halt {} {

# $self instvar scheduler_

# #puts "time: [clock format [clock seconds] -format %X]"

# $scheduler_ halt

#C++

#scheduler.{h,cc}

#方法 command()

# int

#Scheduler::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# …

# else if (strcmp(argv[1], "halt") == 0) {

# halted_ = 1;

# return (TCL_OK);

# }

# …

$ns_ at 50.1 "puts /"NS EXITING.../"; $ns_ halt"

proc finish {} {

global ns_ f nf val

$ns_ flush-trace

close $f

close $nf

}

puts "Starting Simulation..."

#tcl, C++

#ns-lib.tcl, priqueue.cc, ns-namsupp.tcl, scheduler.cc

#方法 Simulator instproc run {}, 这其中做了一系列初始化check-smac{}, check-node-num{}, #rtmodel-configure{}, get-routelogic{}…(若这些不在Simulator instproc中定义,那就是通过#command()在C++中定义的);

#Node instproc reset{};

#Queue reset 通过command传给PriQueue::command()来执行; 然后调用了Terminate()

#Simulator instproc init-nam {}; s

#scheduler run通过command传给Scheduler::command()中定义的,然后调用了reset(); run()

# Simulator instproc run {} {

# …

# foreach nn [array names Node_] {

# $Node_($nn) reset

# …

# }

# …

# foreach qn [array names link_] {

# set q [$link_($qn) queue]

# $q reset

# }

# …

# $self init-nam

# …

# return [$scheduler_ run]

#int

#PriQueue::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# if (argc == 2 && strcasecmp(argv[1], "reset") == 0)

# {

# Terminate();

# //FALL-THROUGH to give parents a chance to reset

# }

# return DropTail::command(argc, argv);

#Simulator instproc init-nam {} {

# #一系列初始化

# …

#int

#Scheduler::command(int argc, const char*const* argv)

# …

# if (argc == 2) {

# if (strcmp(argv[1], "run") == 0) {

# /* set global to 0 before calling object reset methods */

# reset(); // sets clock to zero

# run();

# return (TCL_OK);

# }

$ns_ run

NS2 进行无线模拟时 调用的类和函数

NS2 进行无线模拟时调用的类和函数