ASP.net Gridview 使用指南

GridView使用详解

 01 GridView无代码分页排序

 02 GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除

 03 GridView正反双向排序

 04 GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合

05 GridView和CheckBox结合

 06 鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一

 07 鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二

08 GridView实现删除时弹出确认对话框

09 GridView实现自动编号

10 GridView实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式

 11 GridView实现用“...”代替超长字符串

12 GridView一般换行与强制换行

13 GridView显示隐藏某一列

14 GridView弹出新页面/弹出新窗口

 15 GridView固定表头(不用javascript只用CSS，2行代码，很好用)

16 GridView合并表头多重表头无错完美版（以合并3列3行举例）

17 GridView突出显示某一单元格（例如金额低于多少，分数不及格等）

18 GridView加入自动求和求平均值小计

19 GridView数据导入Excel/Excel数据读入GridView 1.GridView简单代码分页排序： 1.AllowSorting设为True，aspx代码中是AllowSorting="True"； 2.默认1页10条，如果要修改每页条数，修改PageSize即可，在aspx代码中是PageSize="12"。 3.默认的是单向排序的，右击GridView弹出“属性”，选择AllowSorting为True即可。 4.添加代码: protected void GridView1_PageIndexChanging(object sender, GridViewPageEventArgs e) { GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex; Bind(); } 2.GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除： 后台代码： using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; SqlCommand sqlcom; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=数据库名;Uid=帐号;Pwd=密码"; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { bind(); } } protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e) { GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex; bind(); } //删除 protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e) { string sqlstr = "delete from 表 where id='" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); sqlcon.Close(); bind(); } //更新 protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e) { sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); string sqlstr = "update 表 set 字段1='" + ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段2='" + ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[2].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段3='" + ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "' where id='" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'"; sqlcom=new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); sqlcon.Close(); GridView1.EditIndex = -1; bind(); } //取消 protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e) { GridView1.EditIndex = -1; bind(); } //绑定 public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select * from 表"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "表"); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "id" };//主键 GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } } 前台主要代码： ... ... 3.GridView正反双向排序： 后台代码： using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class Default3 : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd="; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { ViewState["SortOrder"] = "身份证号码"; ViewState["OrderDire"] = "ASC"; bind(); } } protected void GridView1_Sorting(object sender, GridViewSortEventArgs e) { string sPage = e.SortExpression; if (ViewState["SortOrder"].ToString() == sPage) { if (ViewState["OrderDire"].ToString() == "Desc") ViewState["OrderDire"] = "ASC"; else ViewState["OrderDire"] = "Desc"; } else { ViewState["SortOrder"] = e.SortExpression; } bind(); } public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室"); DataView view = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView; string sort = (string)ViewState["SortOrder"] + " " + (string)ViewState["OrderDire"]; view.Sort = sort; GridView1.DataSource = view; GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } } 前台主要代码： 4.GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合： 后台代码： using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class Default4 : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa"; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { DropDownList ddl; if (!IsPostBack) { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室"); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataBind(); for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { DataRowView mydrv = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView[i]; if (Convert.ToString(mydrv["员工性别"]).Trim() == "True") { ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("DropDownList1"); ddl.SelectedIndex = 0; } if (Convert.ToString(mydrv["员工性别"]).Trim() == "False") { ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("DropDownList1"); ddl.SelectedIndex = 1; } } sqlcon.Close(); } } public SqlDataReader ddlbind() { string sqlstr = "select distinct 员工性别 from 飞狐工作室"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlCommand sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); return sqlcom.ExecuteReader(); } 前台主要代码： 5.GridView和CheckBox结合： 后台代码： using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class Default5 : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa"; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { bind(); } } protected void CheckBox2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1"); if (CheckBox2.Checked == true) { cbox.Checked = true; } else { cbox.Checked = false; } } } protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlCommand sqlcom; for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1"); if (cbox.Checked == true) { string sqlstr = "delete from 飞狐工作室 where 身份证号码='" + GridView1.DataKeys[i].Value + "'"; sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); sqlcon.Close(); } } bind(); } protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { CheckBox2.Checked = false; for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1"); cbox.Checked = false; } } public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "tb_Member"); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "身份证号码" }; GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } } 前台主要代码： 6.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一： 做法： 双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件； 在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示： protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { 　　　　//首先判断是否是数据行 if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { //当鼠标停留时更改背景色 e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundColor;this.style.backgroundColor='#00A9FF'"); //当鼠标移开时还原背景色 e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=c"); } } 前台代码：

7.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二： 做法：和上面的一样就是代码不同 protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { //如果是绑定数据行 if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { //鼠标经过时，行背景色变 e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundColor='#E6F5FA'"); //鼠标移出时，行背景色变 e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor='#FFFFFF'"); } } 8.GridView实现删除时弹出确认对话框： 实现方法： 双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件； 在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示： protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { //如果是绑定数据行 if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate) { ((LinkButton)e.Row.Cells[6].Controls[0]).Attributes.Add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.Row.Cells[1].Text + "/"吗?')"); } } } 9.GridView实现自动编号： 实现方法： 双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件； 在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示： protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { if (e.Row.RowIndex != -1) { int id = e.Row.RowIndex + 1; e.Row.Cells[0].Text = id.ToString(); } } 注意这时最好把前台的第一列的表头该为“编号”，因为以前的第一列被“吃掉”了。 10.GridView实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式： 解决方法： 在asp.net 2.0中，如果要在绑定列中显示比如日期格式等，如果用下面的方法是显示不了的 主要是由于htmlencode属性默认设置为true,已防止XSS攻击，安全起见而用的，所以，可以有以下两种方法解决 1、 将htmlencode设置为false即可 另外的解决方法为，使用模版列 '> 前台代码： 附录-常用格式化公式： {0:C} 货币； {0:D4}由0填充的4个字符宽的字段中显示整数； {0:000.0}四舍五入小数点保留第几位有效数字； {0:N2}小数点保留2位有效数字；{0:N2}% 小数点保留2位有效数字加百分号； {0:D}长日期；{0:d}短日期；{0:yy-MM-dd} 例如07-3-25；；{0:yyyy-MM-dd} 例如2007-3-25 11.GridView实现用“...”代替超长字符串： 解决方法：数据绑定后过滤每一行即可 for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { DataRowView mydrv; string gIntro; if (GridView1.PageIndex == 0) { mydrv = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView[i];//表名 gIntro = Convert.ToString(mydrv["家庭住址"]);//所要处理的字段 GridView1.Rows[i].Cells[3].Text = SubStr(gIntro, 2); } else { mydrv = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView[i + (5 * GridView1.PageIndex)]; gIntro = Convert.ToString(mydrv["家庭住址"]); GridView1.Rows[i].Cells[3].Text = SubStr(gIntro, 2); } } 调用的方法： public string SubStr(string sString, int nLeng) { if (sString.Length <= nLeng) { return sString; } string sNewStr = sString.Substring(0, nLeng); sNewStr = sNewStr + "..."; return sNewStr; } 12.GridView一般换行与强制换行： 首先设置gridview里有一列绑定的数据很长，显示的时候在一行里面显示，页面拉得很宽。原因是连续英文段为一个整体导致的，在RowDataBound中添加上了一句e.Row.Cells[2].Style.Add("word-break", "break-all")就可以。如果要给所有的列增加此属性： protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { //正常换行 GridView1.Attributes.Add("style", "word-break:keep-all;word-wrap:normal"); //下面这行是自动换行 GridView1.Attributes.Add("style", "word-break:break-all;word-wrap:break-word"); if (!IsPostBack) { bind();//调用数据绑定即可 } } 总之：善用CSS的word-break:break-all;word-wrap:break-word属性即可，这个属性是通用的对于顽固的南换行问题都可以解决，不局限于GridView。 13.GridView显示隐藏某一列： 解决方案： public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室"); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "身份证号码" }; GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); GridView1.Columns[3].Visible = false;//一开始隐藏 CheckBox1.Checked = false;//如果不这样后面的代码会把他True } 双击CheckBox1，在CheckedChanged方法里写上代码，最后代码如下： protected void CheckBox1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { GridView1.Columns[3].Visible=! GridView1.Columns[3].Visible; Response.Write("GridView1的第4列现在的显示隐藏状态是："+GridView1.Columns[3].Visible.ToString()); } 注意：CheckBox1的AutoPostBack要True！ 14.GridView弹出新页面： DataNavigateUrlFields是链接的字段名，DataNavigateUrlFormatString是路径。 15.GridView固定表头(不用javascript只用CSS!，很好用)： 代码：

用法：CSS设如上的样式，HeaderStyle加CssClass="Freezing，套住GridView的Div设置高度宽度

16.GridView合并表头多重表头无错完美版（以合并3列3行举例） 后台代码： protected void GridView1_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { switch (e.Row.RowType) { case DataControlRowType.Header: //第一行表头 TableCellCollection tcHeader = e.Row.Cells; tcHeader.Clear(); tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[0].Attributes.Add("rowspan", "3"); //跨Row tcHeader[0].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "white"); tcHeader[0].Text = ""; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); //tcHeader[1].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Red"); tcHeader[1].Attributes.Add("colspan", "6"); //跨Column tcHeader[1].Text = "全部信息"; //第二行表头 tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[2].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "DarkSeaGreen"); tcHeader[2].Text = "身份证号码"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[3].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "LightSteelBlue"); tcHeader[3].Attributes.Add("colspan", "2"); tcHeader[3].Text = "基本信息"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[4].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "DarkSeaGreen"); tcHeader[4].Text = "福利"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[5].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "LightSteelBlue"); tcHeader[5].Attributes.Add("colspan", "2"); tcHeader[5].Text = "联系方式"; //第三行表头 tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[6].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Khaki"); tcHeader[6].Text = "身份证号码"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[7].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Khaki"); tcHeader[7].Text = "姓名"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[8].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Khaki"); tcHeader[8].Text = "出生日期"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[9].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Khaki"); tcHeader[9].Text = "薪水"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[10].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Khaki"); tcHeader[10].Text = "家庭住址"; tcHeader.Add(new TableHeaderCell()); tcHeader[11].Attributes.Add("bgcolor", "Khaki"); tcHeader[11].Text = "邮政编码"; break; } } } 前台：

17.GridView突出显示某一单元格（例如金额低于多少，分数不及格等） 解决方案：主要是绑定后过滤 GridView1.DataBind(); for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { DataRowView mydrv = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView[i]; string score = Convert.ToString(mydrv["起薪"]); if (Convert.ToDouble(score) < 34297.00)//大家这里根据具体情况设置可能ToInt32等等 { GridView1.Rows[i].Cells[4].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; } } sqlcon.Close(); 前台代码：

18.GridView加入自动求和求平均值小计 解决方案： private double sum = 0;//取指定列的数据和，你要根据具体情况对待可能你要处理的是int protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { if (e.Row.RowIndex >= 0) { sum += Convert.ToDouble(e.Row.Cells[6].Text); } else if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.Footer) { e.Row.Cells[5].Text = "总薪水为："; e.Row.Cells[6].Text = sum.ToString(); e.Row.Cells[3].Text = "平均薪水为："; e.Row.Cells[4].Text = ((int)(sum / GridView1.Rows.Count)).ToString(); } } 前台：唯一的花头就是设置ShowFooter="True" ，否则默认表头为隐藏的！ 19.GridView数据导入Excel/Excel数据读入GridView 解决方案： 页面增加一个按钮，单击事件添加如下方法： protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Export("application/ms-excel", "学生成绩报表.xls"); } private void Export(string FileType, string FileName) { Response.Charset = "GB2312"; Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF7; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, Encoding.UTF8).ToString()); Response.ContentType = FileType; this.EnableViewState = false; StringWriter tw = new StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter hw = new HtmlTextWriter(tw); GridView1.RenderControl(hw); Response.Write(tw.ToString()); Response.End(); } //如果没有下面方法会报错类型“GridView”的控件“GridView1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内 public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control) { } 还有由于是文件操作所以要引入名称空间IO和Text 后台代码： using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Drawing; using System.IO; using System.Text; public partial class Default7 : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; SqlCommand sqlcom; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa"; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { bind(); } } public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室"; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室"); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "身份证号码" }; GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Export("application/ms-excel", "学生成绩报表.xls"); } private void Export(string FileType, string FileName) { Response.Charset = "GB2312"; Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF7; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, Encoding.UTF8).ToString()); Response.ContentType = FileType; this.EnableViewState = false; StringWriter tw = new StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter hw = new HtmlTextWriter(tw); GridView1.RenderControl(hw); Response.Write(tw.ToString()); Response.End(); } public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control) { } } 前台： 读取Excel数据的代码：这个很简单的 private DataSet CreateDataSource() { string strCon; strCon = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + Server.MapPath("excel.xls") + "; Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;"; OleDbConnection olecon = new OleDbConnection(strCon); OleDbDataAdapter myda = new OleDbDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]", strCon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); myda.Fill(myds); return myds; } protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { GridView1.DataSource = CreateDataSource(); GridView1.DataBind(); } 本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/free_port/archive/2009/05/27/4219490.aspx