Huffman编码的Matlab实现--用于单导联ECG数据的压缩和解压缩

dataProcess.m ----主程序
norm2huff.m ----编码
huff2norm.m ----解码
（注意上面两个函数文件的末尾附有子函数）
Lead1.mat ----单导联数据
Original_6000_123.mat ----原始数据（12导联）

PS：除了打断点以外，Matlab的调试手段同VC6.0，即
F5快速调试至断点，F10单步运行，F11:Step in   

 

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%dataProcess.m

 

clear all, close all, clc;load Lead1.mat;data = Lead1;data = data + 150; % 预处理数据，将负转正data = data(:)'; % 预处理，将列向量变行向量% compress datafprintf('Compresing data ... ')[zipped,info] = norm2huff(data);fprintf('Done!/n')% decompress datafprintf('Decompressing data ... ')unzipped = huff2norm(zipped,info);fprintf('Done!/n')% test itisOK = isequal(data(:),unzipped(:))whos data zipped unzipped

 

 

 

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%norm2huff.m

function [zipped,info] = norm2huff(vector)% NORM2HUFF Huffman codification (encoder)编码器% Detailed explanation goes here% vector as a row 行向量vector = vector(:)';% frequency 【①求各采样值出现的频率】f = frequency(vector);% simbols presents in the vector aresimbols = find(f~=0); % first value is 1 not 0!!!【②这些采样值中共有多少个不重复的非零值】f = f(simbols); %【③各采样值的频率】% sort using the frequency[f,sortindex] = sort(f); % f=f(sortindex)simbols = simbols(sortindex); % 【④频率值由小到大排序，为Huffman编码作准备】len = length(simbols); % 求向量的长度simbols_index = num2cell(1:len); % Convert numeric array to cell arraycodeword_tmp = cell(len,1); % Construct cell array: len * 1;数组初始值为空 【⑤codeword_tmp用于存储每个采样值的Huffman编码】while length(f)>1,index1 = simbols_index{1};index2 = simbols_index{2}; codeword_tmp(index1) = addnode(codeword_tmp(index1),0); codeword_tmp(index2) = addnode(codeword_tmp(index2),1);f = [sum(f(1:2)) f(3:end)];simbols_index = [{[index1 index2]} simbols_index(3:end)];% resort data in order to have the two nodes with lower frequency as first two[f,sortindex] = sort(f);simbols_index = simbols_index(sortindex);end% arrange cell array to have correspondance simbol <-> codeword%创建一个m*n的空矩阵，用于存储可能出现的值codeword = cell(3000,1);codeword(simbols) = codeword_tmp;% calculate full string length【⑥计算采样序列对应的01串长】len = 0;for index=1:length(vector),len = len+length(codeword{double(vector(index))+1});end% create the full 01 sequence【⑦将采样序列转换为对应的01串】string = repmat(0,1,len);pointer = 1;for index=1:length(vector),code = codeword{double(vector(index))+1};len = length(code);string(pointer+(0:len-1)) = code;pointer = pointer+len;end% calculate if it is necessary to add padding zeros【⑧长度不能被8整除时在01串尾部补足数的0，使01串能表示为8*N的矩阵，值N即为压缩后的存储量】len = length(string);pad = 8-mod(len,8);if pad>0,string = [string uint8(zeros(1,pad))];end% now save only usefull codewords%【⑨只存储有用的码字】codeword = codeword(simbols);codelen = zeros(size(codeword));weights = 2.^(0:51);maxcodelen = 0;for index = 1:length(codeword),len = length(codeword{index});if len>maxcodelen,maxcodelen = len;endif len>0,code = sum(weights(codeword{index}==1));code = bitset(code,len+1);codeword{index} = code;codelen(index) = len;endendcodeword = [codeword{:}];% calculate zipped vectorcols = length(string)/8;string = reshape(string,8,cols);weights = 2.^(0:7);zipped = weights*double(string);% store data into a sparse matrixhuffcodes = sparse(1,1); % init sparse matrixfor index = 1:numel(codeword),huffcodes(codeword(index),1) = simbols(index);end% create info structure【压缩解压缩信息表】info.pad = pad;%【填充位】info.huffcodes = huffcodes;%【Huffman编码】info.ratio = cols./length(vector);%【压缩率】info.length = length(vector);%【采样数据量】info.maxcodelen = maxcodelen;%【编码最高位】%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%function f = frequency(vector) %求向量内各字符出现的频率f = histc(vector(:), 0:4999); f = f(:)'/sum(f);%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%function codeword_new = addnode(codeword_old,item)codeword_new = cell(size(codeword_old));for index = 1:length(codeword_old),codeword_new{index} = [item codeword_old{index}];end

 

 

 

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%huff2norm.m

function vector = huff2norm(zipped,info)%HUFF2NORM Huffman codification (decoder)解码器% For vectors, HUFF2NORM(X,INFO) returns a decoded vector from a Huffman coded version X% with code words given by INFO.% For matrices, X(:) is used as input.%% Input X must be of uint8 type, while the output is a uint8 array.%% For more details about how is INFO structured, see NORM2HUFF help.%% See also NORM2HUFF% create the 01 sequencelen = length(zipped);% string = repmat(uint8(0),1,len.*8);string = repmat(0,1,len.*8);bitindex = 1:8;for index = 1:len,% string(bitindex+8.*(index-1)) = uint8(bitget(zipped(index),bitindex)); string(bitindex+8.*(index-1)) = bitget(zipped(index),bitindex);end% adjust stringstring = logical(string(:)'); % make a row of itlen = length(string);string((len-info.pad+1):end) = []; % remove 0 paddinglen = length(string);% build outputweights = 2.^(0:51);% vector = repmat(uint8(0),1,info.length);vector = repmat(0,1,info.length);vectorindex = 1;codeindex = 1;code = 0;for index = 1:len,code = bitset(code,codeindex,string(index));codeindex = codeindex+1;byte = decode(bitset(code,codeindex),info);if byte>0, % a code has been foundvector(vectorindex) = byte-1;codeindex = 1;code = 0;vectorindex = vectorindex+1;endend%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%function byte = decode(code,info)byte = info.huffcodes(code);

 

 

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Lead1.mat

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