struts 类型转换

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struts2+hibernate3+spring2读书笔记5（类型转换）
文章分类:Java编程
                              第6章类型转换
     本章导读：
              类型转换使用广泛，主要用在开发人员将一个字符串转换成更复杂些的对象类型时。因为web中的类型非常单一（在HTTP中所有的信息是String类型），而java是强类型的语言，因些mvc框架一般都会提供字符类型到其他对象类型的转换，Struts2提供了基于ognl表达式的功能强大的转换机制，而且还提供了良好的扩展性，允许开发人员创建自定义的类型转换器。

一．不使用struts2的类型转换器进行类型转换
     1．建立工程
     2．编写pojo类：User.java 内容如下：

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.Date;
4.
5.
6./**
7. * 用户的POJO类
8. * */
9.public class User {
10.
11.    /**用户名*/
12.    private String username;
13.
14.    /**密码*/
15.    private String password;
16.
17.    /**性别*/
18.    private int gender;
19.
20.    /**年龄*/
21.    private int age;
22.
23.    /**出生日期*/
24.    private Date birthDate;
25.
26.    /**联系电话*/
27.    private String tel;
28.
29.    /**Email*/
30.    private String email;
31.
32.    public String getUsername() {
33.        return username;
34.    }
35.
36.    public void setUsername(String username) {
37.        this.username = username;
38.    }
39.
40.    public String getPassword() {
41.        return password;
42.    }
43.
44.    public void setPassword(String password) {
45.        this.password = password;
46.    }
47.
48.
49.
50.    public int getGender() {
51.        return gender;
52.    }
53.
54.    public void setGender(int gender) {
55.        this.gender = gender;
56.    }
57.
58.    public int getAge() {
59.        return age;
60.    }
61.
62.    public void setAge(int age) {
63.        this.age = age;
64.    }
65.
66.    public Date getBirthDate() {
67.        return birthDate;
68.    }
69.
70.    public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
71.        this.birthDate = birthDate;
72.    }
73.
74.    public String getTel() {
75.        return tel;
76.    }
77.
78.    public void setTel(String tel) {
79.        this.tel = tel;
80.    }
81.
82.    public String getEmail() {
83.        return email;
84.    }
85.
86.    public void setEmail(String email) {
87.        this.email = email;
88.    }
89.
90.
91.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.Date;

/**
* 用户的POJO类
* */
public class User {

/**用户名*/
private String username;

/**密码*/
private String password;

/**性别*/
private int gender;

/**年龄*/
private int age;

/**出生日期*/
private Date birthDate;

/**联系电话*/
private String tel;

/**Email*/
private String email;

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

public String getPassword() {
return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}

public int getGender() {
return gender;
}

public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}

public int getAge() {
return age;
}

public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}

public Date getBirthDate() {
return birthDate;
}

public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
this.birthDate = birthDate;
}

public String getTel() {
return tel;
}

public void setTel(String tel) {
this.tel = tel;
}

public String getEmail() {
return email;
}

public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}

}

3．编写Action类：simpleConvertionAction.java

Java代码
1.package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
4.
5.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
6.
7.import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
8.
9.import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
10.
11.public class SimpleConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
12.         private User user;
13.         private HttpServletRequest request;
14.        public User getUser() {
15.            return user;
16.        }
17.        public void setUser(User user) {
18.            this.user = user;
19.        }
20.        public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
21.            return request;
22.        }
23.        public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
24.            this.request = request;
25.        }
26.
27.        /**
28.         * 完成用户注册.
29.         * 在组装User对象时需要进行gender、age和birthDate属性的强制转换
30.         * */
31.        public String execute(){
32.            try{
33.                String username=request.getParameter("username");
34.                String password=request.getParameter("password");
35.                String gender=request.getParameter("gender");
36.                String age=request.getParameter("age");
37.                String birthDate=request.getParameter("birthDate")==null?"":request.getParameter("birthDate");
38.                String tel=request.getParameter("tel");
39.                String email=request.getParameter("email");
40.
41.                user = new User();
42.
43.                user.setUsername(username);
44.                user.setPassword(password);
45.                user.setTel(tel);
46.                user.setEmail(email);
47.
48.
49.                //gender、age和birthDate进行强制类型转换
50.                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
51.                user.setGender(Integer.parseInt(gender));
52.                user.setAge(Integer.parseInt(age));
53.                user.setBirthDate(sdf.parse(birthDate));
54.
55.
56.                return this.SUCCESS;
57.            }catch(Exception ex){
58.                request.setAttribute("errorMessage","操作失败："+ex.getMessage()) ;
59.                ex.printStackTrace();
60.                return this.ERROR;
61.            }
62.
63.        }
64.
65.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class SimpleConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
         private User user;
         private HttpServletRequest request;
  public User getUser() {
   return user;
  }
  public void setUser(User user) {
   this.user = user;
  }
  public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
   return request;
  }
  public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
   this.request = request;
  }

  /**
   * 完成用户注册.
   * 在组装User对象时需要进行gender、age和birthDate属性的强制转换
   * */
  public String execute(){
   try{
    String username=request.getParameter("username");
    String password=request.getParameter("password");
    String gender=request.getParameter("gender");
    String age=request.getParameter("age");
    String birthDate=request.getParameter("birthDate")==null?"":request.getParameter("birthDate");
    String tel=request.getParameter("tel");
    String email=request.getParameter("email");

    user = new User();

    user.setUsername(username);
    user.setPassword(password);
    user.setTel(tel);
    user.setEmail(email);


    //gender、age和birthDate进行强制类型转换
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
    user.setGender(Integer.parseInt(gender));
    user.setAge(Integer.parseInt(age));
    user.setBirthDate(sdf.parse(birthDate));


    return this.SUCCESS;
   }catch(Exception ex){
    request.setAttribute("errorMessage","操作失败："+ex.getMessage()) ;
    ex.printStackTrace();
    return this.ERROR;
   }

  }

}
4.编写注册页面：simpleReg.jsp

Java代码
1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.
5.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
6.<html>
7.<head>
8.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
9.<title>用户注册</title>
10.</head>
11.<body>
12. <s:form action="simpleConversion">
13. <s:textfield name="username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>
14. <s:password name="password" label="密码"></s:password>
15. <s:select label="性别" name="gender" list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value" value="0">
16. </s:select>
17. <s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"></s:textfield>
18. <s:textfield name="birthDate" label="出生日期"></s:textfield>
19. <s:textfield name="tel" label="联系电话"></s:textfield>
20. <s:textfield name="email" label="Email"></s:textfield>
21. <s:submit></s:submit>
22.
23.
24. </s:form>
25.</body>
26.</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="simpleConversion">
 <s:textfield name="username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>
 <s:password name="password" label="密码"></s:password>
 <s:select label="性别" name="gender" list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value" value="0">
 </s:select>
 <s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="birthDate" label="出生日期"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="tel" label="联系电话"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="email" label="Email"></s:textfield>
 <s:submit></s:submit>


</s:form>
</body>
</html>
5.注册成功页面：simpleRegSuccess.jsp

Java代码
1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
5.<html>
6.<head>
7.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
8.<title>注册成功</title>
9.</head>
10.<body>
11. 注册成功！注册信息如下：
12. 用户名：<s:property value="user.username"/> 
13. 密码： <s:property value="user.password"/> 
14. 性别: <s:property value="user.gender"/> 
15. 年龄: <s:property value="user.age"/> 
16. 出生日期：<s:property value="user.birthDate"/> 
17. 联系电话：<s:property value="user.tel"/> 
18. Email: <s:property value="user.email"/> 
19.</body>
20.</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册成功</title>
</head>
<body>
注册成功！注册信息如下：
用户名：<s:property value="user.username"/> 
密码： <s:property value="user.password"/> 
性别: <s:property value="user.gender"/> 
年龄: <s:property value="user.age"/> 
出生日期：<s:property value="user.birthDate"/> 
联系电话：<s:property value="user.tel"/> 
Email: <s:property value="user.email"/> 
</body>
</html>

6.注册失败页面：error.jsp

Java代码
1. <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
2."-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
3."http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
4.
5.<struts>
6.
7. <include file="struts-default.xml"/>
8. <package name="amigo" extends="struts-default">
9.
10. <action name="simpleConversion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.SimpleConvertionAction">
11. <result name="success">/typeConversion/simpleRegSuccess.jsp</result>
12. <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
13. </action>
14.
15. </package>
16.</struts>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<include file="struts-default.xml"/>
<package name="amigo" extends="struts-default">

 <action name="simpleConversion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.SimpleConvertionAction">
 <result name="success">/typeConversion/simpleRegSuccess.jsp</result>
 <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
 </action>

</package>
</struts>
呵呵，以上7步就完成了不使用struts的类型转换，下面我们来看看继承DefaultConverter类型转换。

二．继承DefaultConverter类进行型转换

1．编写用户信息转换的类型转换器：UserConveerter.java,该类型转换器用于将用户信息进行解析，解析后将其放置到user对象中，代码如下：

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.Map;
4.
5.import ognl.DefaultTypeConverter;
6.
7./**
8. * User对象转换器
9. * */
10.
11.public class UserConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
12.    public Object convertValue(Map context,Object value,Class toType){
13.        if(toType==User.class){
14.            String[]params=(String[])value;
15.            User user=new User();
16.            String[]userInfo=params[0].split(",");
17.            user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
18.            user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
19.            return user;
20.        }
21.            return null;
22.    }
23.
24.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.Map;

import ognl.DefaultTypeConverter;

/**
* User对象转换器
* */

public class UserConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
public Object convertValue(Map context,Object value,Class toType){
  if(toType==User.class){
   String[]params=(String[])value;
   User user=new User();
   String[]userInfo=params[0].split(",");
   user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
   user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
   return user;
  }
   return null;
}

}2．编写Action类：DefaultConvertionAction.java,该类包含一个user属性，user对象的转换由转换器类UserConverter.java类完成，DefaultConvertionAction.java的代码如下：

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
4.
5.import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
6.
7.import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
8.
9.public class DefaultConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware{
10.
11.             private User user;
12.             private HttpServletRequest request;
13.            public User getUser() {
14.                return user;
15.            }
16.            public void setUser(User user) {
17.                this.user = user;
18.            }
19.            public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
20.                return request;
21.            }
22.            public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
23.                this.request = request;
24.            }
25.
26.                /**
27.                 * 完成用户注册
28.                 * 使用UserConverter转换器
29.                 * */
30.            public String execute(){
31.                try{
32.                    System.out.print(this.getUser().getUsername());
33.                    System.out.print(this.getUser().getPassword());
34.                    return SUCCESS;
35.
36.                }catch(Exception ex){
37.                    request.setAttribute("errorMessage", "操作失败："+ex.getMessage());
38.                    ex.printStackTrace();
39.                    return ERROR;
40.
41.                }
42.
43.
44.            }
45.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class DefaultConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware{

          private User user;
          private HttpServletRequest request;
   public User getUser() {
    return user;
   }
   public void setUser(User user) {
    this.user = user;
   }
   public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
    return request;
   }
   public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
    this.request = request;
   }

    /**
     * 完成用户注册
     * 使用UserConverter转换器
     * */
   public String execute(){
    try{
     System.out.print(this.getUser().getUsername());
     System.out.print(this.getUser().getPassword());
     return SUCCESS;

    }catch(Exception ex){
     request.setAttribute("errorMessage", "操作失败："+ex.getMessage());
     ex.printStackTrace();
     return ERROR;

    }


   }
}
3．编写jsp页面：defaultConversionReg.jsp,该页面提供给用户输入注册信息：用户名和密码，两者之间以英文逗号隔开，该页面将请求提供给DefaultConvertionAction.该页面的代码如下：

Java代码
1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
5.<html>
6.<head>
7.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
8.<title>DefaultTypeConverter扩展实例</title>
9.</head>
10.<body>
11. <s:form action="defaultConvertion">
12. 说明：用户名、密码信息以英文逗号隔开 
13. <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息"></s:textfield>
14. <s:submit></s:submit>
15.
16. </s:form>
17.</body>
18.</html>
 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>DefaultTypeConverter扩展实例</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="defaultConvertion">
 说明：用户名、密码信息以英文逗号隔开 
 <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息"></s:textfield>
 <s:submit></s:submit>

</s:form>
</body>
</html>
4．类型转换文件：DefaultConvertionAction-conversion.properties,内容为：

Java代码
1.user=amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserConverter
user=amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserConverter
该文件是局部的类型转换器放在需要进行转换的Acion类的同一个包中。

5．修改struts.xml文件，具体内容如下：


Java代码
1.<action name="defaultConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.DefaultConvertionAction">
2. <result >/typeConversion/simpleRegSuccess.jsp</result>
3. <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
4. </action>
<action name="defaultConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.DefaultConvertionAction">
 <result >/typeConversion/simpleRegSuccess.jsp</result>
 <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
 </action>
经过以上五步后，完成了继承DefaultConverter类进行型转换

三．继承StrutsTypeConverter类进行类型转换

1．编写类型转换器：UserStrutsConverter.java

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.Map;
4.
5.import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;
6.
7./**
8. * User对象转换器（扩展struts TypeConverter类）
9. * */
10.
11.public class UserStrutsConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {
12.
13.
14.    /**
15.     * 从string类型转换为User对象
16.     * */
17.    @Override
18.    public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toClass) {
19.        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
20.
21.            String[]params=(String[])values;
22.            User user=new User();
23.            String[]userInfo=params[0].split(",");
24.            user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
25.            user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
26.            return user;
27.
28.
29.    }
30.
31.    @Override
32.    public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
33.        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
34.        return null;
35.    }
36.
37.}
38.
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;

/**
* User对象转换器（扩展struts TypeConverter类）
* */

public class UserStrutsConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {

/**
* 从string类型转换为User对象
* */
@Override
public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toClass) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub

   String[]params=(String[])values;
   User user=new User();
   String[]userInfo=params[0].split(",");
   user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
   user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
   return user;


}

@Override
public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}

}
2.修改类型转换器配置文件，将User对象的类型转换器修改为

Java代码
1.user=amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserStrutsConverter
user=amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserStrutsConverter

以上两步实现了继承StrutsTypeConverter类进行类型转换

四．数组的类型转换
在前面的内容中，讲解了当请求参数为单个值时如何进行类型转换，本实例讲解当属性的类型为数组时如何进行转换。

1．编写数组属性类型转换器：UserArrayStrutsConverter.java

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.Map;
4.
5.import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;
6.
7. /**
8. * User对象转换器（扩展struts TypeConverter类）
9. * */
10.public class UserArrayStrutsConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {
11. /**
12. * 从string类型转换为User数组对象
13. * */
14. @Override
15. public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toclass) {
16. User[] userArray=new User[values.length];
17. for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
18. User user=new User();
19. String[]userInfo=values[i].split(",");
20. System.out.print(userInfo[1]);
21. user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
22. System.out.print(user.getUsername());
23. user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
24. System.out.print(user.getPassword());
25. userArray[i]=user;
26. }
27.
28. if(values.length==1){
29. return userArray[0];
30. }else{
31. return userArray;
32.
33. }
34. }
35.
36. @Override
37. public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
38. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
39. return null;
40. }
41.
42.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;

/**
* User对象转换器（扩展struts TypeConverter类）
* */
public class UserArrayStrutsConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {
/**
* 从string类型转换为User数组对象
* */
@Override
public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toclass) {
 User[] userArray=new User[values.length];
 for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
 User user=new User();
 String[]userInfo=values[i].split(",");
 System.out.print(userInfo[1]);
 user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
 System.out.print(user.getUsername());
 user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
 System.out.print(user.getPassword());
 userArray[i]=user;
 }

 if(values.length==1){
 return userArray[0];
 }else{
 return userArray;

 }
}

@Override
public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}

}

2.编写Action类：UserArrayConvertionAction.java

Java代码
1.package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
4.
5.import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
6.
7.import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
8.
9.public class UserArrayConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
10.
11.            private User[] user;
12.            private HttpServletRequest request;
13.            public User[] getUser() {
14.
15.                return user;
16.            }
17.            public void setUser(User[] user) {
18.                this.user = user;
19.            }
20.            public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
21.                return request;
22.            }
23.            public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
24.                this.request = request;
25.            }
26.
27.
28.            public String execute(){
29.                try{
30.                    return this.SUCCESS;
31.                }catch(Exception ex){
32.                    request.setAttribute("errorMessage","操作失败："+ex.getMessage());
33.                    ex.printStackTrace();
34.                    return this.ERROR;
35.
36.
37.                }
38.
39.            }
40.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class UserArrayConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {

   private User[] user;
   private HttpServletRequest request;
   public User[] getUser() {

    return user;
   }
   public void setUser(User[] user) {
    this.user = user;
   }
   public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
    return request;
   }
   public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
    this.request = request;
   }


   public String execute(){
    try{
     return this.SUCCESS;
    }catch(Exception ex){
     request.setAttribute("errorMessage","操作失败："+ex.getMessage());
     ex.printStackTrace();
     return this.ERROR;


    }

   }
}3.编写填写注册信息页面：userArrayReg.jsp

Java代码
1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
5.<html>
6.<head>
7.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
8.<title>用户注册页面：</title>
9.</head>
10.<body>
11. <s:form action="userArrayConvertion">
12. 说明：用户名、密码信息以英文逗号隔开 
13. <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息1"></s:textfield>
14. <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息2"></s:textfield>
15. <s:submit></s:submit>
16. </s:form>
17.</body>
18.</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户注册页面：</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="userArrayConvertion">
说明：用户名、密码信息以英文逗号隔开 
 <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息1"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息2"></s:textfield>
 <s:submit></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>4.编写注册成功页面：userArrayRegSuccess.jsp

Java代码
1.<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
5.<html>
6.<head>
7.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
8.<title>注册成功</title>
9.</head>
10.<body>
11. 数组类型转换成功!
12. <s:iterator value="user" status="st">
13. 用户<s:property value="#st.index"/>的信息： 
14. 用户名:<s:property value="user[#st.index].username"/> 
15. 密码：<s:property value="user[#st.index].password"/>
16.
17. </s:iterator>
18.</body>
19.</html>
20.
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册成功</title>
</head>
<body>
数组类型转换成功!
<s:iterator value="user" status="st">
 用户<s:property value="#st.index"/>的信息： 
 用户名:<s:property value="user[#st.index].username"/> 
 密码：<s:property value="user[#st.index].password"/>

</s:iterator>
</body>
</html>

5.配置类型转换器：

在xwork-conversion.properties中修改转换器为：

Java代码
1.Amigo.struts.typeconversion.User=amogo.struts.typeconversion.UserArrayStrutsConverter
Amigo.struts.typeconversion.User=amogo.struts.typeconversion.UserArrayStrutsConverter6.配置struts.xml

Java代码
1.
2.<action name="userArrayConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserArrayConvertionAction">
3.<result >/typeConversion/userArrayRegSuccess.jsp</result>
4.<result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
5.</action>

 <action name="userArrayConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserArrayConvertionAction">
 <result >/typeConversion/userArrayRegSuccess.jsp</result>
 <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
 </action>
经过以上六步后，数组的类型转换完成。

五．集合的类型转换
常用的集合包括List和Map，本实例讲解当Action中user为List集合时，如何实现类型转换(和数组类似)

1．编写list集合类型转换器：UserListStrutsConverter.java，代码如下：

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.ArrayList;
4.import java.util.List;
5.import java.util.Map;
6.
7.import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;
8.
9.public class UserListStrutsConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {
10.
11. @Override
12. public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toClass) {
13. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
14.
15.
16. List<User> userlist = new ArrayList<User>();
17. for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
18. User user = new User();
19. String[] userInfo = values[i].split(",");
20. user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
21. user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
22. userlist.add(user);
23. }
24.
25. if(values.length==1){
26. return userlist.get(0);
27. }else{
28. return userlist;
29. }
30.
31.
32.
33. }
34. /**
35. * 从User字符串转换为字符串，因为本实例没有用到，实现暂略.
36. */
37. @Override
38. public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
39. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
40. return null;
41. }
42.
43.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;

public class UserListStrutsConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {

@Override
public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toClass) {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 List<User> userlist = new ArrayList<User>();
 for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
 User user = new User();
 String[] userInfo = values[i].split(",");
 user.setUsername(userInfo[0]);
 user.setPassword(userInfo[1]);
 userlist.add(user);
 }

 if(values.length==1){
 return userlist.get(0);
 }else{
 return userlist;
 }

}
/**
* 从User字符串转换为字符串，因为本实例没有用到，实现暂略.
*/
@Override
public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return null;
}

}

2．编写Action类：UserListConvertionAction.java 具体代码如下：

Java代码
1. package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.List;
4.
5.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
6.
7.import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
8.
9.import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
10.
11.public class UserListConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
12.
13. private List<User> user;
14. private HttpServletRequest request;
15. public List<User> getUser() {
16.
17. return user;
18. }
19. public void setUser(List<User> user) {
20. this.user = user;
21. }
22. public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
23. return request;
24. }
25. public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
26. this.request = request;
27. }
28.
29.
30. public String execute(){
31. try{
32. return this.SUCCESS;
33. }catch(Exception ex){
34. request.setAttribute("errorMessage","操作失败："+ex.getMessage());
35. ex.printStackTrace();
36. return this.ERROR;
37.
38.
39. }
40.
41. }
42.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class UserListConvertionAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {

 private List<User> user;
 private HttpServletRequest request;
 public List<User> getUser() {

 return user;
 }
 public void setUser(List<User> user) {
 this.user = user;
 }
 public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
 return request;
 }
 public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
 this.request = request;
 }


 public String execute(){
 try{
 return this.SUCCESS;
 }catch(Exception ex){
 request.setAttribute("errorMessage","操作失败："+ex.getMessage());
 ex.printStackTrace();
 return this.ERROR;


 }

 }
}3．编写填写注册信息页面：userListReg.jsp

Java代码
1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
5.<html>
6.<head>
7.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
8.<title>用户注册页面：</title>
9.</head>
10.<body>
11. <s:form action="userListConvertion">
12. 说明：用户名、密码信息以英文逗号隔开 
13. <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息1"></s:textfield>
14. <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息2"></s:textfield>
15. <s:submit></s:submit>
16. </s:form>
17.</body>
18.</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户注册页面：</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="userListConvertion">
说明：用户名、密码信息以英文逗号隔开 
 <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息1"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="user" label="用户信息2"></s:textfield>
 <s:submit></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
4.第四步：编写注册成功页面：userListRegSuccess.jsp 代码如下：

Java代码
1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3.<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
4.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
5.<html>
6.<head>
7.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
8.<title>注册成功</title>
9.</head>
10.<body>
11. <table width="50%">
12. <tr style="backgroup-color:powderblue;font-weight:bold;">
13. <td>序号</td>
14. <td>用户名</td>
15. <td>密码</td>
16. </tr>
17. <s:iterator value="user" status="st">
18. <tr>
19. <td><s:property value="#st.index"/></td>
20. <td><s:property value="user[#st.index].username"/></td>
21. <td><s:property value="user[#st.index].password"/></td>
22. </tr>
23.
24. </s:iterator>
25. </table>
26.</body>
27.</html>
 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width="50%">
 <tr style="backgroup-color:powderblue;font-weight:bold;">
 <td>序号</td>
 <td>用户名</td>
 <td>密码</td>
 </tr>
 <s:iterator value="user" status="st">
 <tr>
 <td><s:property value="#st.index"/></td>
 <td><s:property value="user[#st.index].username"/></td>
 <td><s:property value="user[#st.index].password"/></td>
 </tr>

 </s:iterator>
</table>
</body>
</html>
5.配置类型转换器(局部的类型转换器)，在包目录下建立类型转换文件UserListConvertionAction-conversion.properties,具体内容如下：

Java代码
1.User=amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserListStrutsConverter
User=amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserListStrutsConverter

6.配置struts.xml

Java代码
1.
2. <action name="userListConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserListConvertionAction">
3. <result >/typeConversion/userListRegSuccess.jsp</result>
4. <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
5. </action>

 <action name="userListConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.UserListConvertionAction">
 <result >/typeConversion/userListRegSuccess.jsp</result>
 <result name="error">/typeConversion/error.jsp</result>
 </action>
 以上六步完成了集合的类型转换。

六．类型转换的错误处理

1．编写Action类：ExceptionConverter.java

Java代码
1.package amigo.struts.typeconversion;
2.
3.import java.util.Date;
4.
5.import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
6.
7./**
8. * 演示Struts中类型转换的错误处理
9. * */
10.public class ExceptionConverter extends ActionSupport {
11.    /**
12.     * 用户名.
13.     * */
14.    private String username;
15.
16.    /**
17.     * 年龄
18.     * */
19.    private int age;
20.
21.    /**
22.     * 出生日期
23.     * */
24.    private Date birthDate;
25.
26.
27.    public String getUsername() {
28.        return username;
29.    }
30.
31.
32.
33.    public void setUsername(String username) {
34.        this.username = username;
35.    }
36.
37.
38.
39.    public int getAge() {
40.        return age;
41.    }
42.
43.
44.
45.    public void setAge(int age) {
46.        this.age = age;
47.    }
48.
49.
50.
51.    public Date getBirthDate() {
52.        return birthDate;
53.    }
54.
55.
56.
57.    public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
58.        this.birthDate = birthDate;
59.    }
60.
61.    public String execute(){
62.        return null;
63.
64.    }
65.
66.
67.}
package amigo.struts.typeconversion;

import java.util.Date;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**
* 演示Struts中类型转换的错误处理
* */
public class ExceptionConverter extends ActionSupport {
/**
* 用户名.
* */
private String username;

/**
* 年龄
* */
private int age;

/**
* 出生日期
* */
private Date birthDate;

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

public int getAge() {
return age;
}

public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}

public Date getBirthDate() {
return birthDate;
}

public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
  this.birthDate = birthDate;
}

public String execute(){
  return null;

}

}
2.编写jsp页面：exceptinConversionReg.jsp

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>演示Struts中类型转换的错误处理</title>
</head>
<body>
 <s:form action="exceptionConvertion">
 <s:textfield name="username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"></s:textfield>
 <s:textfield name="birthDate" label="出生日期"></s:textfield>
 <s:submit></s:submit>
 </s:form>
</body>
</html>
3.修改Struts2配置文件：struts.xml

Java代码
1.
2. <action name="exceptionConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.ExceptionConverter">
3. <result name="input">/typeConversion/exceptionConversionReg.jsp</result>
4. </action>

 <action name="exceptionConvertion" class="amigo.struts.typeconversion.ExceptionConverter">
 <result name="input">/typeConversion/exceptionConversionReg.jsp</result>
 </action>
4.建立局部资源文件：ExceptionConvertionAction.properties(在ExceptionConvertionAction所在的包里新建)

Java代码
1. invalid.fieldvalue.age=/u5e74/u9f84/u8f93/u5165/u4e0d/u5408/u6cd5/uff0c/u7c7b/u578b/u8f6c/u6362/u5931/u8d25（内容为：年龄输入不合法，类型转换失败）
2.invalid.fieldvalue.birthDate=/u51fa/u751f/u65e5/u671f/u5e94/u4e3ayyyy-MM-dd/u683c/u5f0f
3.（内容为：出生日期应为yyyy-MM-dd格式）
invalid.fieldvalue.age=/u5e74/u9f84/u8f93/u5165/u4e0d/u5408/u6cd5/uff0c/u7c7b/u578b/u8f6c/u6362/u5931/u8d25（内容为：年龄输入不合法，类型转换失败）
invalid.fieldvalue.birthDate=/u51fa/u751f/u65e5/u671f/u5e94/u4e3ayyyy-MM-dd/u683c/u5f0f
（内容为：出生日期应为yyyy-MM-dd格式）

最后经过以上4步就完成了类型转换的错误处理了。

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最新评论
■struts2+hibernate3+sprin ...
恩，LZ，谢谢了，那我还是练习把SSh的例子改成S2sh的吧，呵呵，哎，现在s2s ...
-- by lixia0417
■struts2+hibernate3+sprin ...
哥们，你好，这本书着重s2sh的各个部分开发，而整合的例子不是很多，只有三章是整合 ...
-- by hhr_michael
■struts2+hibernate3+sprin ...
对，哥们，问一下，这本书中关于S2SH整合开发的例子多吗，就是用三个框架一起开发的 ...
-- by lixia0417
■struts2+hibernate3+sprin ...
谢谢提醒，由于只是着重校验的过程，所以这代码没有在struts.xml中配置对应的 ...
-- by hhr_michael
■struts2+hibernate3+sprin ...
楼主写得不错，受教了，不过觉得<code> public Stri ...
-- by lixia0417
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