socket通讯tcp与udp的区别

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1.TCP服务器端:

#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;

wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );

err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return;
}

if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
        HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
  WSACleanup( );
  return;
}
SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);

bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));

listen(sockSrv,5);

SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);

while(1)
{
  SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);
  char sendBuf[100];
  sprintf(sendBuf,"Welcome %s to http://www.sunxin.org",
   inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));
  send(sockConn,sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf)+1,0);
  char recvBuf[100];
  recv(sockConn,recvBuf,100,0);
  printf("%s/n",recvBuf);
  closesocket(sockConn);
}
}

2.TCP客户端：

#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;

wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );

err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return;
}

if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
        HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
  WSACleanup( );
  return;
}
SOCKET sockClient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);
connect(sockClient,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));

char recvBuf[100];
recv(sockClient,recvBuf,100,0);
printf("%s/n",recvBuf);
send(sockClient,"This is lisi",strlen("This is lisi")+1,0);

closesocket(sockClient);
WSACleanup();
}

3.UDP服务器端

#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;

wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );

err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return;
}

if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
        HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
  WSACleanup( );
  return;
}

SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);

bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));

SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
char recvBuf[100];

recvfrom(sockSrv,recvBuf,100,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);
printf("%s/n",recvBuf);
closesocket(sockSrv);
WSACleanup();
}

4.UDP客户端

#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;

wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );

err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return;
}

if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
        HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
  WSACleanup( );
  return;
}

SOCKET sockClient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);

sendto(sockClient,"Hello",strlen("Hello")+1,0,
(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
closesocket(sockClient);
WSACleanup();
}

TCP与UDP的区别

基于连接与无连接
对系统资源的要求（TCP较多，UDP少）
UDP程序结构较简单
流模式与数据报模式
TCP保证数据正确性，UDP可能丢包
TCP保证数据顺序，UDP不保证

具体编程时的区别

socket()的参数不同
UDP Server不需要调用listen和accept
UDP收发数据用sendto/recvfrom函数
TCP：地址信息在connect/accept时确定
UDP：在sendto/recvfrom函数中每次均需指定地址信息
UDP：shutdown函数无效

部分满足以下几点要求时，应该采用UDP 面向数据报方式

网络数据大多为短消息
拥有大量Client
对数据安全性无特殊要求
网络负担非常重，但对响应速度要求高

例子：ICQ、ping