网络管理协议及其演进

NM Protocols and Paradigm Shift in Network Management

网络管理协议及其演进

 

NM Protocols started with Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) in 1988. The protocol was meant to handle Internet Protocol (IP) based networks. It defined a protocol for exchanging information between one or more management systems and a number of agents. Also, it provided a framework for formatting and storing management information. Besides, this protocol defined a number of general-purpose management information variables or objects [4].

最早的网络管理协议是1983年开始制定的SNMP，用于管理IP网络。它定义了管理者之间，以及管理者和代理者之间进行信息交换的协议，它还定义了一个存储格式化管理信息的框架。并且还定义了一些通用的网络对象及其管理信息。

 

The standards called the Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) were defined for OSI systems. CMIP was proposed as a standard to supersede SNMP. Although, CMIP was more detailed and comprehensive, SNMP remained in use and proliferated as Internet expanded. The drawbacks of CMIP are its complexity, heavy resource requirements, and high overhead [5].

OSI定义了CMIP协议，希望能够替代SNMP。但CMIP太复杂，占用资源过多，所以并没有到达它的预期目的。

 

Telecommunications management network (TMN) [7,8] was built over the OSI reference model but it includes support for SS7, TCP/IP, ISDN, X.25 and 802.3 LAN based networks. TMN is .future proof. [4] as it supports a large number of protocol suites, incorporates features from existing NM protocols suites and has wider domain of acceptance. The TMN is composed of four layers: the Element Management, Network Management, Service Management and Business Management Layers.

ITU基于OSI的参考模型定义了TMN，它可以支持运行TCP/IP, ISDN, X.25和802.3LAN等协议的网络。TMN定义了4个管理层次：网元管理层，网络管理层、业务管理层和事务管理层。

 

LAN man management protocol (LMMP) was developed as a NM solution for LANs, i.e., over the IEEE 802 logical link layer (LLC). However, LMMP is limited to only the LAN boundary.

LMMP是局域网的管理协议，只限于在局域网范围内使用。

 

Ad hoc Network management protocol (ANMP) has been developed for managing mobile wireless ad hoc networks. The protocol uses hierarchical clustering of nodes to reduce the number of messages exchanged between the manager and mobile agents. ANMP is fully compatible with SNMP v3 and uses the same PDUs for data collection [4].

ANMP是Ad hoc网络的管理协议，用于管理无线移动的Ad hoc网络。协议采用分级节点聚类来减少管理者和移动代理之间的信息交换。ANMP和SNMP V3完全兼容，使用同样的PDU数据包格式。

 

The converged NGNs require management capabilities that go beyond the traditional NM tasks, i.e., from FCAPS towards customer handling, billing and ordering. This paradigm shift from conventional NM tasks to incorporate Customer Care and Billing (CC&B) as well, further complicates the requirements of NM for NGNs.

下一代网络（NGN）对网络管理的需求超出了传统网络管理的FCAPS的任务范围，例如协议处理消费者信息，分发帐单等。因此网络管理的功能将向，服务管理，客户管理。。。。扩展。