Linux下源码编译安装Mysql5.1及支持多个Mysql实例

Linux下源码编译安装Mysql5.1及支持多个Mysql实例

一、安装单实例Mysql5.1服务器
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8 --without-debug --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-extra-charsets=gb2312,big5,gbk   
shell> make
shell> make install
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/$PATH" >> /etc/profile

shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root  .
shell> chown -R mysql var
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

二、多实例安装Mysql5.1服务器

一、安装监听端口3306的Mysql服务器
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3306 --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql3306/var/mysql.sock --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc --with-charset=utf8 --without-debug --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-extra-charsets=gb2312,big5,gbk           
shell> make
shell> make install
shell> mkdir /usr/local/mysql3306/etc
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3306
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld3306
chkconfig --add mysqld3306
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld3306 on
PATH=/usr/local/mysql3306/bin:$PATH
echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql3306/bin:/$PATH" >> /etc/profile

shell> cd /usr/local/mysql3306
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root  .
shell> chown -R mysql var
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

修改my.cnf设置监听端口为3306

二、安装监听端口3307的Mysql服务器
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3307 --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql3307/var/mysql.sock --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc --with-charset=utf8 --without-debug --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-extra-charsets=gb2312,big5,gbk       
shell> make
shell> make install
shell> mkdir /usr/local/mysql3307/etc
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql3307
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql3307
chkconfig --add mysql3307
chkconfig --level 2345 mysql3307 on
PATH=/usr/local/mysql3306/bin:$PATH
echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql3306/bin:/$PATH" >> /etc/profile

shell> cd /usr/local/mysql3307
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root  .
shell> chown -R mysql var
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

修改my.cnf设置监听端口为3307

三、编译参数解析
编译参数解析
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql3306 指定安装路径
--with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql3306/var/mysql.sock 指定socket的套接字文件，多个实例时必须指定，否则多个实例会同时默认取/tmp/mysql.sock
--sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc mysql实例启动后的配置文件所在，默认是安装路径下的[PREFIX/etc]此处指定的目的是强调需为每个实例配置my.cnf，同时需要保证 /etc/my.cnf不存在，因为启动脚本一般会先去读/etc/my.cnf
--with-charset=utf8 默认字符集
--with-extra-charsets=gb2312,big5,gbk 支持的其他字符集，减少不必要的开销，Mysql默认支持20多种字符集
--without-debug 去掉调试模式，据说可以优化
--enable-assembler 使用一些字符函数的汇编版本，据说可以优化性能
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static 以纯静态方式编译客户端，如果服务器实例上不需要客户端，这项可以不要，不过建议还是留着，登录到数据库服务器上，直接mysql已经是默认习惯了。
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static 以纯静态方式编译服务端，据说对性能优化很有用
--disable-shared 不提供动态链接库
--with-mysqld-user=mysql 启动用户设置为mysql