Ant之Target 和Properity:

 

1 Target

Target可以理解为task的容器，Target之间运行存在依赖关系，即所谓的“depends on”.存在depend on关系的两个trage之间，必须被依赖的target先执行。

<target name="A"/>
<target name="B" depends="A"/>
<target name="C" depends="B"/>
<target name="D" depends="C,B,A"/>

Ant默认会根据depends后面所列的值从左到右的排列关系进行执行，如果target D，先执行C，B，A。
但是由于CBA之间又存在依赖关系，所以最后的执行顺序为 A --> B --> C --> D，每一个target只执行一次。

在target中也可以进行条件设置：
    <target name="build-module-A" if="module-A-present"/>

    <target name="build-own-fake-module-A" unless="module-A-present"/>

在第一个例子中，如果设置了module-A-present属性，不管其值如何，比如false，target都将被执行。
而在第二个例子中，如果module-A-present属性被设置，target则不将执行。


    <target name="myTarget.check" depends="init">
         <condition property="myTarget.run">
                    <and></and>
                    </condition>
    </target>
 
    <target name="myTarget" depends="myTarget.check" if="myTarget.run">
        <echo>Files foo.txt and bar.txt are present.</echo>
    </target>

结合前面一节的例子：

myTarget.check:

myTarget:
     [echo] Files foo.txt and bar.txt are present.

all:

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds

 

Important: the if and unless attributes only enable or disable the target to which they are attached. They do not control whether or not targets that a conditional target depends upon get executed. In fact, they do not even get evaluated until the target is about to be executed, and all its predecessors have already run.

 

说的什么意思呢，就是说仅仅对他们attach的target有效，而不管这个target依赖的target有没有执行。而这些条件在本target将要执行的时候才验证。

 

 

A target has the following attributes:

AttributeDescriptionRequirednamethe name of the target.Yesdependsa comma-separated list of names of targets on which this target depends.Noifthe name of the property that must be set in order for this target to execute, or something evaluating to true.Nounlessthe name of the property that must not be set in order for this target to execute, or something evaluating to false.Nodescriptiona short description of this target's function.NoextensionOfAdds the current target to the depends list of the named extension-point. since Ant 1.8.0.NoonMissingExtensionPointWhat to do if this target tries to extend a missing extension-point. ("fail", "warn", "ignore"). since Ant 1.8.2.No. Not allowed unless extensionOf is present. Defaults to fail.

 

 

关于extension point：

since Ant 1.8.0.

Extension-Points are similar to targets in that they have a name and a depends list and can be executed from the command line. Just like targets they represent a state during the build process.

 

Unlike targets they don't contain any tasks, their main purpose is to collect targets that contribute to the desired state in their depends list.

 

Targets can add themselves to an extension-points's depends list via their extensionOf attribute. The targets that add themselves will be added after the targets of the explicit depends-attribute of the extension-point, if multiple targets add themselves, their relative order is not defined.

 

The main purpose of an extension-point is to act as an extension point for build files designed to be imported. In the imported file an extension-point defines a state that must be reached and targets from other build files can join the depends list of said extension-point in order to contribute to that state.

 

For example your imported build file may need to compile code, it might look like:

<target name="create-directory-layout">
   ...
</target>
<extension-point name="ready-to-compile"
              depends="create-directory-layout"/>
<target name="compile" depends="ready-to-compile">
   ...
</target>

Call-Graph:  create-directory-layout --> 'empty slot' --> compile

And you need to generate some source before compilation, then in your main build file you may use something like

<target name="generate-sources"
        extensionOf="ready-to-compile">
   ...
</target>

Call-Graph:  create-directory-layout --> generate-sources  --> compile

This will ensure that the generate-sources target is executed before the compile target.

Don't rely on the order of the depends list, if generate-sources depends on create-directory-layout then it must explicitly depend on it via its own depends attribute.