GTK+ dialogs
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In this part of the GTK+ programming tutorial, we will introduce dialogs.
Dialog windows or dialogs are an indispensable part of most modern GUI applications. A dialog is defined as a conversation between two or more persons. In a computer application a dialog is a window which is used to "talk" to the application. A dialog is used to input data, modify data, change the application settings etc. Dialogs are important means of communication between a user and a computer program.
Message dialogs
Message dialogs are convenient dialogs that provide messages to the user of the application. The message consists of textual and image data.
#include <gtk/gtk.h>void show_info(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer window){ GtkWidget *dialog; dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(window, GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, GTK_MESSAGE_INFO, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, "Download Completed", "title"); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), "Information"); gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}void show_error(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer window){ GtkWidget *dialog; dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(window, GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, GTK_MESSAGE_ERROR, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, "Error loading file"); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), "Error"); gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}void show_question(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer window){ GtkWidget *dialog; dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(window, GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, GTK_MESSAGE_QUESTION, GTK_BUTTONS_YES_NO, "Are you sure to quit?"); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), "Question"); gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}void show_warning(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer window){ GtkWidget *dialog; dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(window, GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, GTK_MESSAGE_WARNING, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, "Unallowed operation"); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), "Warning"); gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}int main( int argc, char *argv[]){ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *table; GtkWidget *info; GtkWidget *warn; GtkWidget *que; GtkWidget *err; gtk_init(&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 220, 150); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Message dialogs"); table = gtk_table_new(2, 2, TRUE); gtk_table_set_row_spacings(GTK_TABLE(table), 2); gtk_table_set_col_spacings(GTK_TABLE(table), 2); info = gtk_button_new_with_label("Info"); warn = gtk_button_new_with_label("Warning"); que = gtk_button_new_with_label("Question"); err = gtk_button_new_with_label("Error"); gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(table), info, 0, 1, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 3, 3); gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(table), warn, 1, 2, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 3, 3); gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(table), que, 0, 1, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 3, 3); gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(table), err, 1, 2, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 3, 3); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), table); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window), 15); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(info), "clicked", G_CALLBACK(show_info), (gpointer) window); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(warn), "clicked", G_CALLBACK(show_warning), (gpointer) window); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(que), "clicked", G_CALLBACK(show_question), (gpointer) window); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(err), "clicked", G_CALLBACK(show_error), (gpointer) window); g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), G_OBJECT(window)); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return 0;}
In our example, we will show four kinds of message dialogs. Information, Warning, Question and Error message dialogs.
GtkWidget *dialog;dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(window, GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, GTK_MESSAGE_QUESTION, GTK_BUTTONS_YES_NO, "Are you sure to quit?");
In the show_question() function, we pop up the message dialog. The message dialog is created using the gtk_message_dialog_new() call. The parameters of the function specify, what kind of message dialog we create. The GTK_MESSAGE_QUESTION constant creates a question type dialog.GTK_BUTTONS_YES_NO constant will No and Yes buttons in the dialog. The last parameter is the text that we display in the dialog.
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), "Warning");gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);
Here we set a title for the message dialogs. And finally run the dialogs. The dialogs must be destroyed manually.
GtkAboutDialog
The GtkAboutDialog displays information about the application. GtkAboutDialog can display a logo, the name of the application, version, copyright, website or licence information. It is also possible to give credits to the authors, documenters, translators and artists
#include <gtk/gtk.h>void show_about(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data){ GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file("battery.png", NULL); GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_about_dialog_new(); gtk_about_dialog_set_name(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "Battery"); gtk_about_dialog_set_version(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "0.9"); gtk_about_dialog_set_copyright(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "(c) Jan Bodnar"); gtk_about_dialog_set_comments(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "Battery is a simple tool for battery checking."); gtk_about_dialog_set_website(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "http://www.batteryhq.net"); gtk_about_dialog_set_logo(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), pixbuf); g_object_unref(pixbuf), pixbuf = NULL; gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG (dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}int main( int argc, char *argv[]){ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *about; GdkPixbuf *battery; gtk_init(&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 220, 150); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Battery"); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window), 15); gtk_widget_add_events(window, GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK); battery = gtk_image_get_pixbuf(GTK_IMAGE( gtk_image_new_from_file("battery.png"))); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window), "button-press-event", G_CALLBACK(show_about), (gpointer) window); g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), G_OBJECT(window)); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return 0;}
The code example uses a GtkAboutDialog with some of its features. To pop up the about dialog, we click on the client area of the window.
GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_about_dialog_new();
We create a new GtkAboutDialog.
gtk_about_dialog_set_name(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "Battery");gtk_about_dialog_set_version(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "0.9"); gtk_about_dialog_set_copyright(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), "(c) Jan Bodnar");
These function calls set a name, version and the copyright.
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file("battery.png", NULL);...gtk_about_dialog_set_logo(GTK_ABOUT_DIALOG(dialog), pixbuf);g_object_unref(pixbuf), pixbuf = NULL;
This code creates a logo.
GtkFontSelectionDialog
The GtkFontSelectionDialog is a dialog for selecting fonts. It is typically used in applications, that do some text editing or formatting.
#include <gtk/gtk.h>void select_font(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer label){ GtkResponseType result; GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_font_selection_dialog_new("Select Font"); result = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); if (result == GTK_RESPONSE_OK || result == GTK_RESPONSE_APPLY) { PangoFontDescription *font_desc; gchar *fontname = gtk_font_selection_dialog_get_font_name( GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)); font_desc = pango_font_description_from_string(fontname); gtk_widget_modify_font(GTK_WIDGET(label), font_desc); g_free(fontname); } gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}int main( int argc, char *argv[]){ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *toolbar; GtkToolItem *font; gtk_init(&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 280, 200); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Font Selection Dialog"); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), vbox); toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new(); gtk_toolbar_set_style(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(toolbar), 2); font = gtk_tool_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_SELECT_FONT); gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), font, -1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), toolbar, FALSE, FALSE, 5); label = gtk_label_new("ZetCode"); gtk_label_set_justify(GTK_LABEL(label), GTK_JUSTIFY_CENTER); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), label, TRUE, FALSE, 5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(font), "clicked", G_CALLBACK(select_font), label); g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return 0;}
In the code example, we put a simple label into the center of the window. We show a font selecting dialog by clicking on the toolbar button.
GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_font_selection_dialog_new("Select Font");result = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
We create and show the GtkFontSelectionDialog.
if (result == GTK_RESPONSE_OK || result == GTK_RESPONSE_APPLY) { PangoFontDescription *font_desc; gchar *fontname = gtk_font_selection_dialog_get_font_name( GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)); font_desc = pango_font_description_from_string(fontname); gtk_widget_modify_font(GTK_WIDGET(label), font_desc); g_free(fontname); }
If the user clicked on the OK or APPLY button, we proceed. We get the selected font name.Than we change the label's font to the selected font name.
GtkColorSelectionDialog
GtkColorSelectionDialog is a dialog for selecting a color.
#include <gtk/gtk.h>void select_font(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer label){ GtkResponseType result; GtkColorSelection *colorsel; GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_color_selection_dialog_new("Font Color"); result = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); if (result == GTK_RESPONSE_OK) { GdkColor color; colorsel = GTK_COLOR_SELECTION( GTK_COLOR_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->colorsel); gtk_color_selection_get_current_color(colorsel, &color); gtk_widget_modify_fg(GTK_WIDGET(label), GTK_STATE_NORMAL, &color); } gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);}int main( int argc, char *argv[]){ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *widget; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *toolbar; GtkToolItem *font; gtk_init(&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 280, 200); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Color Selection Dialog"); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), vbox); toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new(); gtk_toolbar_set_style(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(toolbar), 2); font = gtk_tool_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_SELECT_COLOR); gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), font, -1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), toolbar, FALSE, FALSE, 5); label = gtk_label_new("ZetCode"); gtk_label_set_justify(GTK_LABEL(label), GTK_JUSTIFY_CENTER); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), label, TRUE, FALSE, 5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(font), "clicked", G_CALLBACK(select_font), label); g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return 0;}
The example is very similar to the previous one. This time we change the color of the label.
GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_color_selection_dialog_new("Font Color");result = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
We create and show the GtkColorSelectionDialog.
if (result == GTK_RESPONSE_OK) { GdkColor color; colorsel = GTK_COLOR_SELECTION( GTK_COLOR_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->colorsel); gtk_color_selection_get_current_color(colorsel, &color); gtk_widget_modify_fg(GTK_WIDGET(label), GTK_STATE_NORMAL, &color); }
If the user pressed OK, we get the color and modify the label's color.
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