2011-04-18 python 文件copy 之道 大全 (转)

不知道在什么时候看到个好帖，觉得好就移过来了，学习学习。。。

1. os.system

Python code

import osimport tempfilefilename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt") #产生临时文件或目录，tempfile.mktemp(suffix='',prefix='tmp'，dir=None)                                      产生的文件名或目录，默认就是函数里的参数。  

open (filename1, "w").close ()filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"print filename1, "=>", filename2#拷文件os.system ("copy %s %s" % (filename1, filename2))if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")os.mkdir (dirname1)dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"print dirname1, "=>", dirname2#拷目录os.system ("xcopy /s %s %s" % (dirname1, dirname2)) #DOS下，拷贝目录命令xcopyif os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

2. shutil.copy和shutil.copytree

Python code

import osimport shutilimport tempfilefilename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")open (filename1, "w").close ()filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"print filename1, "=>", filename2#拷文件shutil.copy (filename1, filename2)if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")os.mkdir (dirname1)dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"print dirname1, "=>", dirname2#拷目录shutil.copytree (dirname1, dirname2)if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

3. win32file.CopyFile

Python code

import osimport win32fileimport tempfilefilename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")open (filename1, "w").close ()filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"print filename1, "=>", filename2#拷文件#文件已存在时，1为不覆盖，0为覆盖win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 1)win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 0)win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 1)if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")os.mkdir (dirname1)dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"print dirname1, "=>", dirname2#拷目录win32file.CopyFile (dirname1, dirname2, 1)if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

4. SHFileOperation

Python code

import osfrom win32com.shell import shell, shellconimport tempfilefilename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")open (filename1, "w").close ()filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"print filename1, "=>", filename2#拷文件#文件已存在时，shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION会指示重命名文件shell.SHFileOperation (  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 0, None, None))shell.SHFileOperation (  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION, None, None))shell.SHFileOperation (  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 0, None, None))if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")os.mkdir (dirname1)dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"print dirname1, "=>", dirname2#拷目录shell.SHFileOperation (  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, dirname1, dirname2, 0, None, None))if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

测试结果出来了：
测试环境：系统——Win7 RTM，CPU——P4 3.0，MEM——1.5G DDR400，U盘——Kingston 4G

用4种不同的方法从硬盘拷贝MSDN 2008 SP1（2.37G）到U盘：

os System 的方法耗时903.218秒
shutil 的方法耗时1850.634秒
win32file 的方法耗时861.438秒
SHFileOperation的方法耗时794.023秒

另外SHFileOperation是显示对话框的，可以这样用
 
SHFileOperation能操作网络上的文件
如果你想将本地文件复制到192.168.1.99
那么只要在192.168.1.99上共享123目录
然后将pTo设置为http://www.cnblogs.com/lovemo1314/admin/file://192.168.1.99/123
就可以了
但不要设置为http://www.cnblogs.com/lovemo1314/admin/file://192.168.1.99/

Python code 
shell.SHFileOperation ( 
(0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 
shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION | 
/ shellcon.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION |/ 
shellcon.FOF_NOERRORUI | / 
shellcon.FOF_SILENT, None, None))
 
FOF_SILENT  //不产生正在复制的对话框
FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR//如果目的目录不存在，就默认创建
FOF_NOCONFIRMATION //不出现确认文件替换对话框(Confirmation Dialog)(默认替换原来的文i件)
FOF_NOERRORUI//不出现错误对话框
最好不要同时使用FOF_NOERRORUI,FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR,因为FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR屏蔽了missing directory Error
但FOF_NOERROR又屏蔽了missing directory Error,那么在同时使用FOF_NOERRORUI,FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR