ORACLE的网络配置，与权限初步

来源：互联网发布：自然灾害预警软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/23 19:16

1、服务器
1.1常用工具
em
netmgr
netca

1.2相关配置文件
listener.ora
tnsnames.ora
C:/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/NETWORK/ADMIN
listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dmt1306)(PORT = 1521))
    )
)

PLSExtProc：调用外部过程的服务
XDB：针对XML数据库
XPT：为DataGuard提供服务
修改初始化参数禁止 XDB和XPT

1.3
静态注册,listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = xxx)
      (ORACLE_HOME = C:/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = ORCL)
    )
)

动态注册：pmon，自动找监听器进行注册，端口要求
是默认1521
alter system register;

1.4 lsnrctl工具
lsnrctl
LSNRCTL> help
以下操作可用
星号 (*) 表示修改符或扩展命令:

start               stop                status
services            version             reload
save_config         trace               change_password
quit                exit                set*
show*

start: 启动监听器
stop: 停止监听器
status: 查看监听器状态
quit/exit：退出

1.5 配置非1521端口
1）修改listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dmt1306)(PORT = 5555))
    )
)
2）
修改配置文件tnsnames.ora
xxx =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dmt1306)(PORT = 5555))
)

修改数据库参数local_listener
alter system set local_listener=xxx;
alter system register;

2、客户端
命名解析
1)easy connect：
sqlplus test/test@127.0.0.1:1521/orcl
2)local naming
使用tnsnames.ora
qqq =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dmt1306)(PORT = 5555))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
)
3)directory naming
4)External naming

-------------------------------------------------------------

1、权限
特殊权限： sysdba(创建数据库),sysoper
1.1 查超级用户
select * from pwfile_users
1.2 查普通用户
select * from dba_users;
1.3 查用户权限
权限分类：系统权限、对象权限
select * from dba_sys_privs
select * from dba_tab_privs
select * from dba_role_privs;
1.4 查系统所有权限
select distinct privilege from dba_sys_privs;