Android使用Ant自动编译签名打包详解

1.生成R.java类文件： 

<!-- Generate the R.java file for this project's resources. --><target name="resource-src" depends="copy"><echo>Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...</echo><exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"><arg value="package" /><arg value="-m" /><arg value="-J" /><arg value="${outdir-gen}" /><arg value="-M" /><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /><arg value="-S" /><arg value="${resource-dir}" /><arg value="-I" /><arg value="${android-jar}" /></exec></target>

2.将.aidl文件生成.java类文件：

<!-- Generate java classes from .aidl files. --><target name="aidl" depends="copy"><echo>Compiling aidl files into Java classes...</echo><apply executable="${aidl}" failonerror="true"><arg value="-p${android-framework}" /><arg value="-I${srcdir}" /><fileset dir="${srcdir}"><include name="**/*.aidl" /></fileset></apply></target>

3.编译.java类文件生成class文件：

<!-- Compile this project's .java files into .class files. --><target name="compile" depends="copy, resource-src, aidl"><javac encoding="GB18030" target="1.5" debug="true" extdirs="" srcdir="." destdir="${outdir-classes}" bootclasspath="${android-jar}"><classpath><fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar" /></classpath></javac></target> 4.将class文件打包生成classes.dex文件：

<!-- Convert this project's .class files into .dex files. --><target name="dex" depends="compile"><echo>Converting compiled files and external libraries into ${outdir}/${dex-file}...</echo><apply executable="${dx}" failonerror="true" parallel="true"><arg value="--dex" /><arg value="--output=${intermediate-dex-ospath}" /><arg path="${outdir-obfuscate-classes-ospath}" /><fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar" /></apply></target>  
5.打包资源文件（包括res、assets、androidmanifest.xml等）：

<!-- Put the project's resources into the output package file. --><target name="package-res-and-assets"><echo>Packaging resources and assets...</echo><exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"><arg value="package" /><arg value="-f" /><arg value="-M" /><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /><arg value="-S" /><arg value="${resource-dir}" /><arg value="-A" /><arg value="${asset-dir}" /><arg value="-I" /><arg value="${android-jar}" /><arg value="-F" /><arg value="${resources-package}" /></exec></target>

6.生成未签名的apk安装文件：

<target name="package" depends="dex, package-res"><echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo><exec executable="${apk-builder}" failonerror="true"><arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" /><arg value="-u" /><arg value="-z" /><arg value="${resources-package-ospath}" /><arg value="-f" /><arg value="${intermediate-dex-ospath}" /><arg value="-rf" /><arg value="${srcdir-ospath}" /><arg value="-rj" /><arg value="${external-libs-ospath}" /></exec><echo>It will need to be signed with jarsigner before being published.</echo></target> 7.对未签名的apk进行签名生成签名后的android文件：
<target name="jarsigner" depends="package"><echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo><exec executable="${jarsigner}" failonerror="true"><arg value="-verbose" /><arg value="-storepass" /><arg value="byread002" /><arg value="-keypass" /><arg value="byread002" /><arg value="-keystore" /><arg value="bbyread.keystore" /><arg value="-signedjar" /><arg value="${out-signed-package-ospath}" /><arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" /><arg value="byread" /></exec></target>

*完整Ant配置文件build.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project name="Byread" default="debug"><property environment="env" /><property name="sdk-folder" value="${env.ANDROID_SDK_HOME}" /><!-- SDK Locations --><property name="sdk2.2-folder" value="${env.ANDROID_SDK_HOME}" /><property name="sdk-folder" value="${sdk2.2-folder}/platforms/android-3" /><property name="sdk-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/tools" /><property name="android-tools" value="${sdk2.2-folder}/tools" /><property name="proguardpath" location="${wtkhome}/lib/proguard" /><!-- step 1.generate R.java by aapt 2.compile java to class by javac。exe 3.generate classes.dex by dx.bat --><!-- 4.package resources by aapt 5. package resource and classes.dex by apkbuilder.bat 6.sign apk by jarsinger --><!-- Tools --><property name="aapt" value="${sdk-tools}/aapt.exe" /><property name="dx" value="${sdk-tools}/dx.bat" /><property name="apk-builder" value="${android-tools}/apkbuilder.bat" /><property name="aidl" value="${android-tools}/aidl.exe" /><property name="adb" value="${android-tools}/adb.exe" /><property name="android-jar" value="${sdk-folder}/android.jar" /><property name="jarsigner" value="${env.JAVA_HOME}/bin/jarsigner.exe" /><!-- Application Package Name --><property name="application-package" value="com.byread.reader" /><property name="useragent" value="byAndroidWeb" /><property name="version" value="1.02" /><!-- The intermediates directory --><!-- Eclipse uses "bin" for its own output, so we do the same. --><property name="outdir-bin" value="bin" /><property name="outdir-gen" value="gen" /><!-- source directories --><property name="resource-dir" value="res" /><property name="asset-dir" value="assets" /><property name="srcdir" value="src" /><property name="srcdir-ospath" value="${basedir}/${srcdir}" /><property name="external-libs" value="libs" /><property name="external-libs-ospath" value="${basedir}/${external-libs}" /><!-- dest directories --><property name="des-resource-dir" value="${outdir-bin}/res" /><property name="des-asset-dir" value="${outdir-bin}/assets" /><property name="des-srcdir" value="${outdir-bin}/src" /><property name="des-srcdir-ospath" value="${basedir}/${outdir-bin}/${srcdir}" /><property name="des-external-libs" value="${outdir-bin}/libs" /><property name="des-external-libs-ospath" value="${basedir}/${outdir-bin}/${external-libs}" /><!-- Output directories --><property name="outdir-classes" value="${outdir-bin}/src" /><property name="outdir-obfuscate-classes" value="${outdir-bin}/classes" /><property name="outdir-obfuscate-classes-ospath" value="${basedir}/${outdir-obfuscate-classes}" /><!-- Intermediate files --><property name="dex-file" value="classes.dex" /><property name="intermediate-dex" value="${outdir-bin}/${dex-file}" /><property name="intermediate-dex-ospath" value="${basedir}/${intermediate-dex}" /><!-- The final package file to generate --><property name="resources-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}" /><property name="resources-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${resources-package}" /><property name="out-debug-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}-debug.apk" /><property name="out-debug-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${out-debug-package}" /><property name="out-unsigned-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}-unsigned.apk" /><property name="out-unsigned-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${out-unsigned-package}" /><property name="out-signed-package" value="${useragent}/${ant.project.name}.apk" /><property name="out-signed-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${out-signed-package}" /><!-- init --><target name="init"><echo>Creating all output directories </echo><delete dir="${outdir-bin}" /><delete dir="${useragent}" /><mkdir dir="${outdir-bin}" /><mkdir dir="${outdir-classes}" /><mkdir dir="${useragent}" /></target><!-- copy original strings and modify useragent --><target name="copy" depends="init"><echo>copy files to output folder</echo><delete file="${resource-dir}/values/strings.xml" /><copy file="strings.xml" todir="${resource-dir}/values" /><replace file="${resource-dir}/values/strings.xml" token="@USERAGENT@" value="${useragent}" encoding="utf-8" /></target><!-- Generate the R.java file for this project's resources. --><target name="resource-src" depends="copy"><echo>Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...</echo><exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"><arg value="package" /><arg value="-m" /><arg value="-J" /><arg value="${outdir-gen}" /><arg value="-M" /><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /><arg value="-S" /><arg value="${resource-dir}" /><arg value="-I" /><arg value="${android-jar}" /></exec></target><!-- Generate java classes from .aidl files. --><target name="aidl" depends="copy"><echo>Compiling aidl files into Java classes...</echo><apply executable="${aidl}" failonerror="true"><arg value="-p${android-framework}" /><arg value="-I${srcdir}" /><fileset dir="${srcdir}"><include name="**/*.aidl" /></fileset></apply></target><!-- Compile this project's .java files into .class files. --><target name="compile" depends="copy, resource-src, aidl"><javac encoding="GB18030" target="1.5" debug="true" extdirs="" srcdir="." destdir="${outdir-classes}" bootclasspath="${android-jar}"><classpath><fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar" /></classpath></javac></target><!-- Convert this project's .class files into .dex files. --><target name="dex" depends="compile"><echo>Converting compiled files and external libraries into ${outdir}/${dex-file}...</echo><apply executable="${dx}" failonerror="true" parallel="true"><arg value="--dex" /><arg value="--output=${intermediate-dex-ospath}" /><arg path="${outdir-obfuscate-classes-ospath}" /><fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar" /></apply></target><!-- Put the project's resources into the output package file. --><target name="package-res-and-assets"><echo>Packaging resources and assets...</echo><exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"><arg value="package" /><arg value="-f" /><arg value="-M" /><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /><arg value="-S" /><arg value="${resource-dir}" /><arg value="-A" /><arg value="${asset-dir}" /><arg value="-I" /><arg value="${android-jar}" /><arg value="-F" /><arg value="${resources-package}" /></exec></target><!-- Same as package-res-and-assets, but without "-A ${asset-dir}" --><target name="package-res-no-assets"><echo>Packaging resources...</echo><exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"><arg value="package" /><arg value="-f" /><arg value="-M" /><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /><arg value="-S" /><arg value="${resource-dir}" /><!-- No assets directory --><arg value="-I" /><arg value="${android-jar}" /><arg value="-F" /><arg value="${resources-package}" /></exec></target><!-- Invoke the proper target depending on whether or not an assets directory is present. --><!-- TODO: find a nicer way to include the "-A ${asset-dir}" argument only when the assets dir exists. --><target name="package-res"><available file="${asset-dir}" type="dir" property="res-target" value="and-assets" /><property name="res-target" value="no-assets" /><antcall target="package-res-${res-target}" /></target><!-- Package the application and sign it with a debug key. This is the default target when building. It is used for debug. --><target name="debug" depends="dex, package-res"><echo>Packaging ${out-debug-package}, and signing it with a debug key...</echo><exec executable="${apk-builder}" failonerror="true"><arg value="${out-debug-package-ospath}" /><arg value="-z" /><arg value="${resources-package-ospath}" /><arg value="-f" /><arg value="${intermediate-dex-ospath}" /><arg value="-rf" /><arg value="${srcdir-ospath}" /><arg value="-rj" /><arg value="${external-libs-ospath}" /></exec></target><!-- Package the application without signing it. This allows for the application to be signed later with an official publishing key. --><target name="package" depends="dex, package-res"><echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo><exec executable="${apk-builder}" failonerror="true"><arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" /><arg value="-u" /><arg value="-z" /><arg value="${resources-package-ospath}" /><arg value="-f" /><arg value="${intermediate-dex-ospath}" /><arg value="-rf" /><arg value="${srcdir-ospath}" /><arg value="-rj" /><arg value="${external-libs-ospath}" /></exec><echo>It will need to be signed with jarsigner before being published.</echo></target><target name="jarsigner" depends="package"><echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo><exec executable="${jarsigner}" failonerror="true"><arg value="-verbose" /><arg value="-storepass" /><arg value="byread002" /><arg value="-keypass" /><arg value="byread002" /><arg value="-keystore" /><arg value="bbyread.keystore" /><arg value="-signedjar" /><arg value="${out-signed-package-ospath}" /><arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" /><arg value="byread" /></exec></target><target name="release" depends="jarsigner"><echo>release for release...</echo></target><!-- Install the package on the default emulator --><target name="install" depends="debug"><echo>Installing ${out-debug-package} onto default emulator...</echo><exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true"><arg value="install" /><arg value="${out-debug-package}" /></exec></target><target name="reinstall" depends="debug"><echo>Installing ${out-debug-package} onto default emulator...</echo><exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true"><arg value="install" /><arg value="-r" /><arg value="${out-debug-package}" /></exec></target><!-- Uinstall the package from the default emulator --><target name="uninstall"><echo>Uninstalling ${application-package} from the default emulator...</echo><exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true"><arg value="uninstall" /><arg value="${application-package}" /></exec></target></project>

*在工程目录下建立一个build.bat批处理文件，内容为：

ant -buildfile build.xml

运行这个批处理文件即可。

注意：SDK的安装目录最后不要有中文和空格，否则会出现不必要的错误。如果你的安装路径包含Program Files（有空格），Ant方式打包会报错，没关系，不用重装，解决方法：配置SDk环境变量的时候把Program Files改为Progra~1即可。

转自：http://jojol-zhou.iteye.com/blog/729271