window编程脉络

windows应用程序编程是一种基于消息的编程。

一般创建一个窗口应用程序， 按以下步骤：

1. winmain函数是windows程序的入口函数。

int WINAPI WinMain(  HINSTANCE hInstance,      // handle to current instance  HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,  // handle to previous instance  LPSTR lpCmdLine,          // command line  int nCmdShow              // show state);

2. 创建窗口对象， 并初始化其成员函数。

typedef struct _WNDCLASS {     UINT       style;     WNDPROC    lpfnWndProc;     int        cbClsExtra;     int        cbWndExtra;     HINSTANCE  hInstance;     HICON      hIcon;     HCURSOR    hCursor;     HBRUSH     hbrBackground;     LPCTSTR    lpszMenuName;     LPCTSTR    lpszClassName; } WNDCLASS, *PWNDCLASS; 

3. 注册窗口对象。

ATOM RegisterClass(  CONST WNDCLASS *lpWndClass  // class data);
4. 创建窗口。
HWND CreateWindow(  LPCTSTR lpClassName,  // registered class name  LPCTSTR lpWindowName, // window name  DWORD dwStyle,        // window style  int x,                // horizontal position of window  int y,                // vertical position of window  int nWidth,           // window width  int nHeight,          // window height  HWND hWndParent,      // handle to parent or owner window  HMENU hMenu,          // menu handle or child identifier  HINSTANCE hInstance,  // handle to application instance  LPVOID lpParam        // window-creation data);
5. 显示更新窗口。
BOOL ShowWindow(  HWND hWnd,     // handle to window  int nCmdShow   // show state);
BOOL UpdateWindow(  HWND hWnd   // handle to window);
6.消息循环。
BOOL GetMessage(  LPMSG lpMsg,         // message information  HWND hWnd,           // handle to window  UINT wMsgFilterMin,  // first message  UINT wMsgFilterMax   // last message);
BOOL TranslateMessage(  CONST MSG *lpMsg   // message information);
LRESULT DispatchMessage(  CONST MSG *lpmsg   // message information);
如下一个win32的简单窗口应用程序：
#include <windows.h>#include <stdio.h>LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(  HWND hwnd,   UINT uMsg,   WPARAM wParam,   LPARAM lParam ); int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){WNDCLASS wndcls;wndcls.cbClsExtra=0;wndcls.cbWndExtra=0;wndcls.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);wndcls.hCursor=LoadCursor(hInstance,IDC_APPSTARTING);wndcls.hIcon=LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION);wndcls.hInstance=hInstance;wndcls.lpfnWndProc=WinSunProc;wndcls.lpszClassName="river0525";wndcls.lpszMenuName=NULL;wndcls.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;RegisterClass(&wndcls);HWND hwnd;hwnd=CreateWindow("river0525","Lesson 1 by river",WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);ShowWindow(hwnd,SW_SHOWNORMAL);UpdateWindow(hwnd);MSG msg;while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0,0)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;}LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(  HWND hwnd,   UINT uMsg,   WPARAM wParam,   LPARAM lParam   ){switch(uMsg){case WM_CHAR:char temp[64];sprintf(temp, "Your input is %d", wParam);MessageBox(hwnd, temp, "river",0);break;case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:MessageBox(hwnd,"left mouse clicked","river",0);HDC ldc;ldc=GetDC(hwnd);TextOut(ldc,0,80,"我是响应鼠标左键按下操作的",strlen("我是响应左键鼠标按下操作的"));ReleaseDC(hwnd,ldc);break;case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:MessageBox(hwnd,"right mouse clicked","river",0);HDC rdc;rdc=GetDC(hwnd);TextOut(rdc,0,100,"我是响应鼠标右键按下操作的",strlen("我是响应右键鼠标按下操作的"));ReleaseDC(hwnd,rdc);case WM_PAINT:HDC ddc;PAINTSTRUCT ps;ddc=BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);TextOut(ddc,0,50,"我是响应重绘消息的", strlen("我是响应重绘消息的"));EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);break;case WM_CLOSE:if(IDYES==MessageBox(hwnd,"是否真的结束？","river",MB_YESNO)){DestroyWindow(hwnd);}break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;} 
MFC-----Microsoft Foundation Classes
MFC编写win32应用程序基本脉络和上面是一样的。
但是我们用Wizard新建程序时， Wizard都替我们把这些事情都做好了。
我们只要基于它的框架进行修改和消息循环操作即可。
MFC更能体现出面向对象的编程思维。
如我们进行窗口应用程序编程时， 主要就是对窗口类的设计和操作。