apt换源及命令参数解释

使用apt-get时，若ubuntu的版本比较低，可能出现服务器无法连接的情况，这是软件源可能失效，需要更新apt的源

在终端下：

 sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

将里面内容全部删除，更新为新源，以下是我用的源

源列表

[编辑]Oneiric(11.10)版本

Ubuntu 官方更新服务器（欧洲，此为官方源，国内较慢，但无同步延迟问题，电信网通用户可以使用)：

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverseUbuntu官方提供的其他软件（第三方闭源软件等）：deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ oneiric partnerdeb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main

骨头兄亲自搭建并维护这个Ubuntu源（该源位于浙江杭州百兆共享宽带的电信机房)，包含 Deepin 等镜像：

deb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse

网易163更新服务器（广东广州电信联通双线服务器），包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

搜狐更新服务器（山东联通服务器，官方中国大陆地区镜像跳转至此） ，包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

LupaWorld更新服务器（浙江杭州电信联通双线服务器），包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

常州贝特康姆软件技术有限公司 更新服务器（江苏常州电信服务器），包含其他开源镜像。 (CN99域名 系 “常州市亚科技术有限公司” 所注册，但两家公司的法人代表和地址相同。所以本镜像即原 CN99 。但现在 CN99镜像实际跳转至网易镜像）:

deb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

青岛大学更新服务器（青岛移动专线/教育网双线服务器，电信/网通用户亦适合），由 OSQDU维护，位于青岛大学。包含 Opera, CPAN, CTAN, IETF, Cygwin, 马克思主义文库等其他镜像。 北方地区访问速度较快，2.155Gbps带宽：

deb http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.qdu.edu.cn/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

以下为教育网服务器（推荐教育网用户使用，部分非教育网用户也有可观的速度。教育网用户请优先使用IPv6地址）

中国科学技术大学更新服务器（位于合肥），由中科大 Linux 用户协会和中科大学网络信息中心维护，包含其他开源镜像，Deepin 官方服务器 实际亦指向此处：

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

IPv6地址

deb http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors6.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

清华大学更新服务器，由清华大学学生网管会维护。包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

IPv4 Only 地址

deb http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

IPv6地址

deb http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn//ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

北京交通大学更新服务器，由北京交通大学信息中心赞助，包含其他开源镜像。（域名中的 bjtu 可以替换为 njtu ，即北交旧名“北方交通大学”对应域名） ：

deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

IPv6地址

deb http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://mirror6.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

北京理工大学更新服务器，包含其他开源镜像： (IPv4 Only)

deb http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

北京化工大学更新服务器，包含 CentOS 镜像： (IPv4/v6 Both)

deb http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://ubuntu.buct.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

天津大学更新服务器，由天津大学自由软件联盟维护，包含其他开源镜像： (校外IPv6 Only)

deb http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.tju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

东北大学更新服务器，包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

IPv6地址

deb http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.neu6.edu.cn/mirrors/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

哈尔滨工业大学更新服务器，包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

IPv6地址

deb http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://run6.hit.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

大连理工大学更新服务器，包含其他开源镜像： ( IPv6/v4 Both )

deb http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

上海交通大学更新服务器，包含其他开源镜像：

deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

IPv6地址

deb http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

厦门大学更新服务器，由厦门大学信息与网络中心维护，包含其他开源镜像： (IPv4/v6 Both)

deb http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-backports restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiverse

成都市电子科技大学更新服务器，由电子科大学生宿舍网管会维护。仅包括 Ubuntu 镜像： (IPv4 Only)

deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

或

deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http:/ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

西南林业大学更新服务器，只包括当前稳定版和开发版，不包括 LTS 镜像。由西南林业大学计信学院维护。包括 Debian 镜像：

deb http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://cs3.swfu.edu.cnubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb-src http://cs3.swfu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

兰州大学更新服务器，由兰大开源社区维护，包含其他开源镜像： (IPv4/v6 Both)

deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-backports restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/archive/ oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiverse

以下为较快的境外服务器

台湾的官方源，也是国立台湾大学的源。速度有时甚至快于内地的，包含 Debian 等其他镜像：

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

以下源支持IPV6,推荐可以使用IPV6的教育网用户使用，速度在200kb/s左右，如需源代码，将deb替换成deb-src即可

瑞士IPv6源，详情：

deb http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

爱尔兰IPv6源，详情：

deb http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

比利时IPv6源：

deb ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universedeb ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main multiverse restricted universedeb ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main multiverse restricted universe

日本IPv6源，详情：

deb http://ftp.kddilabs.jp/020/Linux/packages/ubuntu/archive/ maverick main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.kddilabs.jp/020/Linux/packages/ubuntu/archive/ maverick-backports main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.kddilabs.jp/020/Linux/packages/ubuntu/archive/ maverick-proposed main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.kddilabs.jp/020/Linux/packages/ubuntu/archive/ maverick-security main multiverse restricted universedeb http://ftp.kddilabs.jp/020/Linux/packages/ubuntu/archive/ maverick-updates main multiverse restricted universe

瑞典IPV6源，据说速度达到1M以上，详情:

deb http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main universe restricted multiversedeb-src http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main universe restricted multiversedeb http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted multiverse universedeb-src http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security main restricted multiverse universedeb http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates universe main multiverse restricteddeb-src http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates universe main multiverse restricteddeb http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed universe main multiverse restricteddeb-src http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-proposed universe main multiverse restricted

备注：

1. 西南大学开源社区维护的西南大学镜像中 Ubuntu 现只保留最新发布版的ISO镜像。
2. Geekbone.org 更新服务器（上海电信服务器，由 SHLUG /上海Linux用户群维护），现已删去 Ubuntu 镜像，只包留了 Debian 镜像
3. 各大镜像站点往往包括 Ubuntu 以外的大量其他自由软件资源，文中已注出。
4. 其他软件源如 Medibuntu、Getdeb 和各种 PPA 可在 Ubuntu-Tweak 中打开。 

保存退出，然后在终端下可以输入

sudo apt-get update 更新源

就可以了。

 

下面是一些参数解释：

apt-cache search package 搜索包

apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等

sudo apt-get install package 安装包

sudo apt-get install package - - reinstall 重新安装包

sudo apt-get -f install 修复安装"-f = ——fix-missing"

sudo apt-get remove package 删除包

sudo apt-get remove package - - purge 删除包，包括删除配置文件等

sudo apt-get update 更新源

sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统

sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade 使用 dselect 升级

apt-cache depends package 了解使用依赖

apt-cache rdepends package 是查看该包被哪些包依赖

sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境

apt-get source package 下载该包的源代码

sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的包

sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖