FC4下安装Mysql5.0.20步骤

  1. Add a login user and group for `mysqld' to run as:            shell> groupadd mysql           shell> useradd -g mysql mysql       These commands add the `mysql' group and the `mysql' user. The      syntax for `useradd' and `groupadd' may differ slightly on      different versions of Unix, or they may have different names such      as `adduser' and `addgroup'.       You might want to call the user and group something else instead      of `mysql'. If so, substitute the appropriate name in the      following steps.    2. Pick the directory under which you want to unpack the distribution      and change location into it. In the following example, we unpack      the distribution under `/usr/local'. (The instructions, therefore,      assume that you have permission to create files and directories in      `/usr/local'. If that directory is protected, you must perform the      installation as `root'.)            shell> cd /usr/local    3. Obtain a distribution file using the instructions in *Note      getting-mysql::. For a given release, binary distributions for all      platforms are built from the same MySQL source distribution.    4. Unpack the distribution, which creates the installation directory.      Then create a symbolic link to that directory:            shell> gunzip < /PATH/TO/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf -           shell> ln -s FULL-PATH-TO-MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql       The `tar' command creates a directory named `mysql-VERSION-OS'.      The `ln' command makes a symbolic link to that directory. This      lets you refer more easily to the installation directory as      `/usr/local/mysql'.       With GNU `tar', no separate invocation of `gunzip' is necessary.      You can replace the first line with the following alternative      command to uncompress and extract the distribution:            shell> tar zxvf /PATH/TO/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz    5. Change location into the installation directory:            shell> cd mysql       You will find several files and subdirectories in the `mysql'      directory. The most important for installation purposes are the      `bin' and `scripts' subdirectories:          * The `bin' directory contains client programs and the server.           You should add the full pathname of this directory to your           `PATH' environment variable so that your shell finds the MySQL           programs properly. See *Note environment-variables::.          * The `scripts' directory contains the `mysql_install_db'           script used to initialize the `mysql' database containing the           grant tables that store the server access permissions.    6. If you have not installed MySQL before, you must create the MySQL      grant tables:            shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql       If you run the command as `root', you must use the -user option as      shown. The value of the option should be the name of the login      account that you created in the first step to use for running the      server. If you run the command while logged in as that user, you      can omit the -user option.       After creating or updating the grant tables, you need to restart      the server manually.    7. Change the ownership of program binaries to `root' and ownership      of the data directory to the user that you run `mysqld' as.      Assuming that you are located in the installation directory      (`/usr/local/mysql'), the commands look like this:            shell> chown -R root  .           shell> chown -R mysql data           shell> chgrp -R mysql .       The first command changes the owner attribute of the files to the      `root' user. The second changes the owner attribute of the data      directory to the `mysql' user. The third changes the group      attribute to the `mysql' group.    8. If you want MySQL to start automatically when you boot your      machine, you can copy `support-files/mysql.server' to the location      where your system has its startup files. More information can be      found in the `support-files/mysql.server' script itself and in      *Note automatic-start::.    9. You can set up new accounts using the `bin/mysql_setpermission'      script if you install the `DBI' and `DBD::mysql' Perl modules. For      instructions, see *Note perl-support::.   10. If you would like to use `mysqlaccess' and have the MySQL      distribution in some non-standard location, you must change the      location where `mysqlaccess' expects to find the `mysql' client.      Edit the `bin/mysqlaccess' script at approximately line 18. Search      for a line that looks like this:            $MYSQL     = '/usr/local/bin/mysql';    # path to mysql executable       Change the path to reflect the location where `mysql' actually is      stored on your system. If you do not do this, a `Broken pipe' error      will occur when you run `mysqlaccess'.  After everything has been unpacked and installed, you should test your distribution. To start the MySQL server, use the following command:       shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &  If that command fails immediately and prints `mysqld ended', you can find some information in the `HOST_NAME.err' file in the data directory.  More information about `mysqld_safe' is given in *Note mysqld-safe::.  *Note*: The accounts that are listed in the MySQL grant tables initially have no passwords.  After starting the server, you should set up passwords for them using the instructions in *Note post-installation::.