NSStirng、NSArray、以及枚举(Method小集合)

以下内容由angellixf整理,这里制作记录:

/*******************************************************************************************      NSString      *******************************************************************************************/     //一、NSString         /*----------------创建字符串的方法----------------*/         //1、创建常量字符串。     NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";             //2、创建空字符串，给予赋值。         NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];     astring = @"This is a String!";     [astring release];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);                 //3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法         NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);     [astring release];                 //4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法         char *Cstring = "This is a String!";     NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);     [astring release];                 //5、创建格式化字符串:占位符（由一个%加一个字符组成）         int i = 1;     int j = 2;     NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);     [astring release];                 //6、创建临时字符串         NSString *astring;     astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);                     /*----------------从文件读取字符串:initWithContentsOfFile方法----------------*/             NSString *path = @"astring.text";     NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);     [astring release];             /*----------------写字符串到文件:writeToFile方法----------------*/                 NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);     NSString *path = @"astring.text";         [astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];     [astring release];                         /*----------------比较两个字符串----------------*/                 //用C比较:strcmp函数         char string1[] = "string!";     char string2[] = "string!";     if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)     {         NSLog(@"1");     }                 //isEqualToString方法         NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";     NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";     BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];     NSLog(@"result:%d",result);                     //compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)         NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";     NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";         BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;         NSLog(@"result:%d",result);         //NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同                     NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";     NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";     BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;         NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     //NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真)                 NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";     NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";     BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;         NSLog(@"result:%d",result);          //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)                 //不考虑大小写比较字符串1    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";     NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";     BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;         NSLog(@"result:%d",result);          //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)                 //不考虑大小写比较字符串2    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";     NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";     BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02                             options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;         NSLog(@"result:%d",result);              //NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。             /*----------------改变字符串的大小写----------------*/             NSString *string1 = @"A String";      NSString *string2 = @"String";      NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写     NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写     NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小             /*----------------在串中搜索子串----------------*/                 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";     NSString *string2 = @"string";     NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];     int location = range.location;     int leight = range.length;     NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];     NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);     [astring release];             /*----------------抽取子串 ----------------*/                 //-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符     NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";     NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];     NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);                     //-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符     NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";     NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];     NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);                     //-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串     NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";     NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];     NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);             //扩展路径         NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";     NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];     NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);     NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);                 //文件扩展名     NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";     NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);                     /*******************************************************************************************      NSMutableString      *******************************************************************************************/             /*---------------给字符串分配容量----------------*/     //stringWithCapacity:     NSMutableString *String;     String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];             /*---------------在已有字符串后面添加字符----------------*/             //appendString: and appendFormat:         NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];     //[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];     [String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];     NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);     */             /*--------在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符------*/         /*      //deleteCharactersInRange:      NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];      [String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)];      NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);                  /*--------在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串------*/         //-insertString: atIndex:     NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];     [String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];     NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);                 /*--------将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串------*/         //-setString:     NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];     [String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];     NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);                 /*--------按照所给出的范围，和字符串替换的原有的字符------*/         //-setString:     NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];     [String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];     NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);                 /*-------------判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀，后缀)-------------*/     //01：检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;     NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";     [String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");     [String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");         //02：查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;                 /*******************************************************************************************      NSArray      *******************************************************************************************/         /*---------------------------创建数组------------------------------*/     //NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:     @"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];         self.dataArray = array;     [array release];         //- (unsigned) Count;数组所包含对象个数；     NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound:%d",[self.dataArray count]);         //- (id) objectAtIndex: (unsigned int) index;获取指定索引处的对象;     NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound 2:%@",[self.dataArray objectAtIndex:2]);             /*--------------------------从一个数组拷贝数据到另一数组(可变数级)----------------------------*/             //arrayWithArray:     //NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc] init];     NSMutableArray *MutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];     NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:                       @"a",@"b",@"c",nil];     NSLog(@"array:%@",array);     MutableArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array];     NSLog(@"MutableArray:%@",MutableArray);         array1 = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array];     NSLog(@"array1:%@",array1);             //Copy         //id obj;     NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];     NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:                          @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];         NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);     for(int i = 0; i < [oldArray count]; i++)     {                 obj = [[oldArray objectAtIndex:i] copy];         [newArray addObject: obj];     }     //          NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);     [newArray release];             //快速枚举         //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];     NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:                          @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];         NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);         for(id obj in oldArray)     {         [newArray addObject: obj];     }     //          NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);     [newArray release];                 //Deep copy         //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];     NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:                          @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];         NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);         newArray = (NSMutableArray*)CFPropertyListCreateDeepCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFPropertyListRef)oldArray, kCFPropertyListMutableContainers);     NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);     [newArray release];                 //Copy and sort         //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];     NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:                          @"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];         NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);     NSEnumerator *enumerator;     enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator];     id obj;     while(obj = [enumerator nextObject])     {         [newArray addObject: obj];     }     [newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];     NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);     [newArray release];                 /*---------------------------切分数组------------------------------*/         //从字符串分割到数组－ componentsSeparatedByString:     NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"];     NSLog(@"string:%@",string);         NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];     NSLog(@"array:%@",array);     [string release];             //从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString:     NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];     NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];     NSLog(@"string:%@",string);                 /*******************************************************************************************      NSMutableArray      *******************************************************************************************/     /*---------------给数组分配容量----------------*/     //NSArray *array;     array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:20];                 /*--------------在数组末尾添加对象----------------*/     //- (void) addObject: (id) anObject;     //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:     @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];     [array addObject:@"Four"];     NSLog(@"array:%@",array);                 /*--------------删除数组中指定索引处对象----------------*/         //-(void) removeObjectAtIndex: (unsigned) index;         //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:     @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];     [array removeObjectAtIndex:1];     NSLog(@"array:%@",array);                 /*-------------数组枚举---------------*/         //- (NSEnumerator *)objectEnumerator;从前向后     //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:     @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];     NSEnumerator *enumerator;     enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];         id thingie;     while (thingie = [enumerator nextObject]) {         NSLog(@"thingie:%@",thingie);     }             //- (NSEnumerator *)reverseObjectEnumerator;从后向前     //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:     @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];     NSEnumerator *enumerator;     enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];         id object;     while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {         NSLog(@"object:%@",object);     }             //快速枚举     //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:     @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];     for(NSString *string in array)     {         NSLog(@"string:%@",string);     }                 /*******************************************************************************************      NSDictionary      *******************************************************************************************/         /*------------------------------------创建字典------------------------------------*/     //- (id) initWithObjectsAndKeys;         //NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3",nil];     NSString *string = [dictionary objectForKey:@"One"];     NSLog(@"string:%@",string);     NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);     [dictionary release];             /*******************************************************************************************      NSMutableDictionary      *******************************************************************************************/         /*------------------------------------创建可变字典------------------------------------*/         //创建     NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];         //添加字典     [dictionary setObject:@"One" forKey:@"1"];     [dictionary setObject:@"Two" forKey:@"2"];     [dictionary setObject:@"Three" forKey:@"3"];     [dictionary setObject:@"Four" forKey:@"4"];     NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);         //删除指定的字典     [dictionary removeObjectForKey:@"3"];     NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);             /*******************************************************************************************      NSValue（对任何对象进行包装）      *******************************************************************************************/         /*--------------------------------将NSRect放入NSArray中------------------------------------*/         //将NSRect放入NSArray中     NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];     NSValue *value;     CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);         value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(CGRect)];     [array addObject:value];     NSLog(@"array:%@",array);         //从Array中提取     value = [array objectAtIndex:0];     [value getValue:&rect];     NSLog(@"value:%@",value);             /*******************************************************************************************      从目录搜索扩展名为jpg的文件      *******************************************************************************************/         //NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];     NSString *home;     home = @"../Users/";         NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum;     direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home];         NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];         //枚举     NSString *filename;     while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) {         if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@"jpg"]){             [files addObject:filename];         }     }         //快速枚举     //for(NSString *filename in direnum)     //{     //    if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]){     //        [files addObject:filename];     //    }     //}     NSLog(@"files:%@",files);         //枚举     NSEnumerator *filenum;     filenum = [files objectEnumerator];     while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) {         NSLog(@"filename:%@",filename);     }         //快速枚举     //for(id object in files)     //{     //    NSLog(@"object:%@",object);     //}